本文關(guān)鍵詞： 突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件 應(yīng)急法制 基本原則　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 自從21世紀(jì)以來,環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)開始以各種形式呈現(xiàn)在我們面前。突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件具有突發(fā)性、形式的多樣性、危害的嚴(yán)重性和公共性的特點(diǎn),因此在災(zāi)害發(fā)生時(shí)公眾往往措手不及,給人民的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全、社會穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展帶來了巨大的影響。 突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件應(yīng)急法制作為緩解這一問題的制度性安排,已成為各個國家的突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對機(jī)制中重要的組成部分。因此,我國立法投入了大量的精力來建立和完善相關(guān)法制,并已初步建立起了相關(guān)的法律體系、制度體系以及組織體系。雖然我國的突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件的法制取得了一定的進(jìn)展,但是目前我國法制在實(shí)踐中依然在存在著一些不完善的問題。文章擬通過回顧我國突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件應(yīng)急法制的形成,分析我國相應(yīng)的應(yīng)急法制現(xiàn)狀,同時(shí)再借鑒國外的一些法制先進(jìn)的國家相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)來提出完善我國突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件應(yīng)急法制的對策。本文分四個部分。 第一部分,界定突發(fā)事件和突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件的概念,并分析其特征。同時(shí),對典型突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件進(jìn)行回顧分析其危害。在此基礎(chǔ)上,為以后的論述作鋪墊。 第二部分,回顧我國突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件應(yīng)急法制產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展的過程,為了解我國的突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件應(yīng)急法制的缺陷打下基礎(chǔ)。在回顧完相關(guān)的發(fā)展歷史后,分析我國突發(fā)性環(huán)境應(yīng)急法制目前存在的問題以及完善相關(guān)法制的必要性。 第三部分,介紹國外先進(jìn)的突發(fā)性事件應(yīng)急法制先進(jìn)的國家的立法以及相關(guān)的應(yīng)對模式,從而為我國的突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件應(yīng)急法制的完善提供先進(jìn)的理念和模式。 第四部分,針對我國目前相關(guān)法制所存在的基本問題,確立我國突發(fā)性環(huán)境事件應(yīng)急法制所要遵循的原則,在此基礎(chǔ)上來完善突發(fā)性應(yīng)急法制相關(guān)的立法和制度。首先,確立基本原則,即應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循法治原則、環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防、比例原則、人權(quán)保障原則和行政主導(dǎo)下的公眾參與原則。其次,完善相應(yīng)的法律體系,包括了憲法、環(huán)境保護(hù)法和環(huán)境行政法。最后,健全相關(guān)的制度,包括完善救濟(jì)制度、信息公開制度、應(yīng)急教育制度以及政府和非政府組織合作的制度。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, environmental risks have been presented to us in various forms. Sudden environmental events have the characteristics of sudden, diverse forms, the severity of harm and public characteristics. Therefore, when disasters occur, the public is often caught unprepared, which brings great influence to the safety of people's life and property, social stability and economic development. As an institutional arrangement to alleviate this problem, the emergent environmental emergency legal system has become an important part of the emergency response mechanism in various countries. China's legislation has invested a lot of energy to establish and improve the relevant legal system, and has initially established the relevant legal system. Although the legal system of sudden environmental events in our country has made some progress. However, there are still some imperfect problems in the practice of our country's legal system at present. This article will review the formation of the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in our country, and analyze the current situation of the corresponding emergency legal system in our country. At the same time, the author draws lessons from the relevant experiences of some advanced countries in foreign countries to put forward countermeasures to improve the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in China. This paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, we define the concepts of emergency and sudden environmental events, and analyze their characteristics. At the same time, we review and analyze the hazards of typical sudden environmental events. Pave the way for later discussion. The second part reviews the process of the emergence and development of the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in China, which lays a foundation for understanding the defects of the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in China. After reviewing the relevant development history. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the emergent environmental emergency legal system in China and the necessity of perfecting the relevant legal system. The third part, introduces the foreign advanced emergency emergency legal system advanced legislation and related response models. Thus, it provides advanced ideas and models for the perfection of the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in our country. Part 4th, aiming at the basic problems existing in the relevant legal system of our country at present, establish the principles that should be followed in the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in our country. First of all, establish the basic principles, that is, should follow the principle of rule of law, environmental risk prevention, the principle of proportion. Secondly, improve the corresponding legal system, including the constitution, environmental protection law and environmental administrative law. Finally, improve the relevant system. It includes perfecting relief system, information disclosure system, emergency education system and cooperation system between government and non-governmental organizations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D922.68

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 侯雅芹;林業(yè)生物災(zāi)害應(yīng)急管理理論與實(shí)踐[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 卜一;道路交通突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對法律問題研究[D];曲阜師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1474791