本文關(guān)鍵詞：關(guān)于我國高等職業(yè)教育法制問題研究　出處：《東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 高等職業(yè)教育 高等職業(yè)教育法制化 高職教育法律體系

【摘要】：在我國的高等職業(yè)教育法制建設(shè)領(lǐng)域,由于絕大多數(shù)的法律法規(guī)都是20世紀(jì)90年代這一時(shí)期確定的,所以很多已不適應(yīng)現(xiàn)階段高職教育事業(yè)發(fā)展的需要。盡管《中華人民共和國教育法》、《高等教育法》、《中華人民共和國職業(yè)教育法》(以下簡稱《職業(yè)教育法》)的頒布標(biāo)志著我國高等職業(yè)教育的基本法律原則已經(jīng)確立起來,也為我國科教興國戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施提供了基本的法律保障,更是職業(yè)教育能夠發(fā)展壯大的保證。但是我國高等職業(yè)教育的法制建設(shè)與發(fā)達(dá)國家的高等職業(yè)教育法制建設(shè)相比還有很大的距離,法律機(jī)制還不夠健全,法律體系還不完善,缺乏達(dá)到具體操作、真正有效實(shí)施的規(guī)范和配套細(xì)則。無論是法律的橫向結(jié)構(gòu)和縱向結(jié)構(gòu)都十分單薄,其至缺失。尤其是以已經(jīng)跟不上我國高等職業(yè)教育迅速發(fā)展的腳步。所以借鑒國外立法的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),我國應(yīng)該注重立法的針對(duì)性,并將教育法律法規(guī)的完善與時(shí)代的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合起來,堅(jiān)持立法科學(xué)性的同時(shí),克服用語空泛、原則性規(guī)定多、單純追求法律體系在形式上或邏輯體系上的完美的弊病,突出其可操作性。本文通過介紹美國、德國、日本這三個(gè)典型國家的高等職業(yè)教育法制發(fā)展的歷程以及法制化的特點(diǎn),通過比較分析,提煉出其高等職業(yè)教育法制發(fā)展的特殊和普遍經(jīng)驗(yàn),并進(jìn)一步研究這種經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)中國高等職業(yè)教育法制化的啟示作用,從而改變我國高等職業(yè)教育法制化落后的情況,使之適應(yīng)我國快速發(fā)展的高等職業(yè)教育領(lǐng)域的要求和需要,真正達(dá)到依法治教。實(shí)質(zhì)上,美國的高等職業(yè)教育法制化為其職業(yè)教育的發(fā)展起到了指導(dǎo)性的作用,以其法制的規(guī)范和完善為主要特點(diǎn),對(duì)法制教育堅(jiān)持不懈的探索,相關(guān)法律法規(guī)內(nèi)容的不斷更新和確定,普適性和針對(duì)性并存,這都為美國高等職業(yè)教育立于世界先進(jìn)地位起到了至關(guān)重要的作用,其法制化的內(nèi)容和形式不但是促進(jìn)高等職業(yè)教育發(fā)展的極其有力的保障,也是實(shí)行有效管理的非常重要的手段；德國確立“雙元制”的職業(yè)教育模式的同時(shí)建立起了一整套系統(tǒng)完備的法律法規(guī)體系,德國的“雙元制”是全世界探索“校企合作”模式用以借鑒的模范案例,其發(fā)展的每個(gè)階段都伴隨著重要法規(guī)的誕生或更替,法制化的發(fā)展成熟才是這種模式能夠成功的法寶,這對(duì)于我國“校企合作”中存在的問題有指導(dǎo)性的意義和作用；日本職業(yè)教育立法有著鮮明的特點(diǎn)：即有完整的教育法規(guī)體系、強(qiáng)調(diào)以法治教,通過立法推動(dòng)職業(yè)教育的發(fā)展和改革、法規(guī)靈活有度并適時(shí)修正、法律條款翔實(shí)、責(zé)任明確、罰則具體。 本文認(rèn)為,盡管《中華人民共和國職業(yè)教育法》已于1996年頒布實(shí)施,而當(dāng)前,我國也正在貫徹《職業(yè)教育法》。它是職業(yè)教育大發(fā)展的象征和保證,也是我國職業(yè)教育的根本大法,但是卻一直沒能夠以其為中心形成真正的法律體系,而正是由于這個(gè)原因,《職業(yè)教育法》中的法律法規(guī)和法律條文都很難在實(shí)際的教育教學(xué)工作和活動(dòng)的具體開展中得到進(jìn)一步的貫徹和細(xì)致全面的實(shí)施。 我國職業(yè)教育發(fā)展的進(jìn)程中也忽視了對(duì)保障我國職業(yè)教育順利實(shí)施的法律環(huán)境的完善。無論是從我國法制建設(shè)的整體結(jié)構(gòu)、法律體系,還是從與時(shí)俱進(jìn)和具體實(shí)施措施等一系列因素來看,我國的高等職業(yè)法制化發(fā)展和完善的進(jìn)程都還有很長的路要走。我國職業(yè)教育領(lǐng)域內(nèi)部目前只有《職業(yè)教育法》這一部基本法,不但對(duì)職業(yè)教育實(shí)施過程中面臨的很多問題沒有給出具體的解決方法,而且對(duì)我國整個(gè)職業(yè)教育事業(yè)并沒有提供具體而完整的法律體系來支撐,缺少相關(guān)的配套法規(guī)。本文分析了我國高等職業(yè)教育法制中存在的突出問題,并提出了加大職業(yè)教育立法客體的可操作性與適時(shí)修正、加強(qiáng)職業(yè)教育立法程序的規(guī)范與健全、提高職業(yè)教育立法主體的專業(yè)化與職業(yè)化的建議,從而推進(jìn)我國高等職業(yè)教育法制的健全和完善。 綜觀各國高等職業(yè)教育的發(fā)展史,其實(shí)更是其教育法制建設(shè)的歷程。法律作為一種強(qiáng)制干預(yù)手段,有力地調(diào)節(jié)著各國高等職業(yè)教育事業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展壯大。本論文共分為四章。第一章為緒論部分,主要包括本文的研究意義、研究目的、研究背景、本論文寫作中的難點(diǎn)、創(chuàng)新點(diǎn),以及論文結(jié)構(gòu)安排。第二章對(duì)我國高等職業(yè)教育法制現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。第三章通過比較研究西方國家高等職業(yè)教育立法,試圖探討美、德、日三國高等職業(yè)教育法制化的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)及其對(duì)完善我國高等職業(yè)教育法制的啟示。第四章試圖提出完善我國高等職業(yè)教育法制化的具體對(duì)策。結(jié)論部分對(duì)完善我國高等職業(yè)教育法制進(jìn)行展望。
[Abstract]:In China's higher occupation education legal system construction, the laws and regulations of the vast majority are determined in 1990s of this period, so many can not adapt to the requirements of the current development of higher vocational education. Although "People's Republic of China Education Law > >, < < the law of higher education, People's Republic of China occupation education law" (hereinafter referred to as the "occupation the education law >) marks the promulgation of the basic legal principles of higher occupation education in our country has been established, also provides the basic legal protection for our implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country, it is the development of occupation education can be guaranteed. But the legal construction of higher occupation education legal system construction and the developed countries of higher occupation education in our country compared to the great distance, the legal mechanism is not perfect, the legal system is not perfect, lack to the specific operation, specification and coordination to implement the Set of rules. Both the horizontal and vertical structure of legal structure is very weak, the lack. Especially in has not kept pace with the rapid development of higher occupation education in our country. So the pace of foreign successful experience in legislation, in our country should pay attention to the legislation, and will improve with the times progress and development of education law the laws and regulations closely together, adhere to the scientific legislation at the same time, overcome the language vague provisions in principle, the simple pursuit of legal system in the form or the logic system of perfect ills, highlighting its maneuverability. This paper introduces the United States, Germany, Japan, the three typical countries of the development of higher occupation the legal education course and characteristics of the legal system, through comparative analysis, to refine the higher occupation education the development of special and universal experience, and further study the experience of China Higher Vocational Education Law Inspiration system, so as to change the legal system of higher occupation education in our country backward situation, so as to adapt to the rapid development of China's higher occupation education requirements and needs, truly achieve the rule of law. In essence, the development of higher occupation education of the legal system of American occupation education plays a guiding in effect, and improve the legal norms as the main characteristics, to explore the legal education unremittingly, contents of the relevant laws and regulations constantly updated and determined, universality and pertinence coexist, which are the higher occupation education in advanced status in the world has played a crucial role in the content and form of the legal system not only to promote the development of higher occupation education is a strong guarantee, is also a very important means of effective management of the establishment of Germany; "at the same time occupation education model of dual system is established A comprehensive set of laws and regulations system, the German "dual system" is the world's exploration of "school enterprise cooperation" mode for reference example, each stage of its development is accompanied by the birth of important laws and regulations or change of development of legal system maturity is a magic weapon for this model can succeed, for this China's "school enterprise cooperation" problems is of instructive significance and effect; the Japanese occupation education legislation has distinctive features: a complete system of education regulations, emphasizing the rule of law education, through legislation to promote the development of occupation education and reform, and flexible degree and timely correction, detailed legal provisions, clear responsibility, specific penalties.
This paper argues that although the People's Republic of China occupation education law "has promulgated and implemented in 1996, at present, our country is carrying out the 'Occupation Education Act. It is a symbol and guarantee the development of occupation education, occupation is the fundamental law of education in our country, but has not been able to take it as the center to form the legal system of the real. It is for this reason that the" occupation education law > in the laws and regulations and legal provisions are very difficult to carry out specific in the actual teaching work and activities in the further implementation and full implementation.
The development of China's occupation education also neglected to improve the legal environment to ensure the smooth implementation of the occupation education in our country. Whether it is from the overall structure, the legal construction of our country's legal system, or from a series of factors to keep pace with the times and specific implementation measures and other point of view, China's higher occupation development and improvement of the process of legalization there is still a long way to go. Our internal occupation education occupation education law > < at present only the basic law, not only for the occupation education a lot of problems faced in the process did not give specific solutions, but also for China's entire occupation education does not provide support to specific and complete legal system and the lack of relevant supporting regulations. This paper analyzes the problems of higher occupation education legal system in our country, and put forward the legislative object of occupation education to increase operability and timely It is necessary to revise and strengthen the standardization and perfection of the legislation procedure of vocational education, and improve the professionalization and professionalization of legislation subjects of vocational education, so as to further improve and perfect the legal system of Higher Vocational Education in China.
Looking at the history of the higher occupation education, but also is the construction of legal education in the course of law. As a kind of compulsive means, effectively regulate the development of higher occupation education in various countries to grow. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, including the research significance, the research purpose of this thesis the research background, this thesis, difficulty of innovation, and the paper structure. The second chapter analyzes the legal status of higher occupation education in our country. In the third chapter, through the comparative study of higher occupation education legislation in western countries, trying to explore the beauty of Japan, Germany, the successful experience of Higher Occupation Education Legalization and to perfect the legal system the higher occupation education in China. The fourth chapter tries to put forward some concrete measures to improve the legal system of higher occupation education in our country. The conclusion of perfecting the law of higher occupation education system in our country. Look ahead.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16

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