【摘要】：毛澤東法制思想是馬克思主義法學(xué)理論與中國實際相結(jié)合的重要理論成果，是毛澤東思想科學(xué)體系不可分割的一部分。毛澤東法制思想同其他的科學(xué)理論一樣具有歷史繼承性，其理論淵源主要有：傳統(tǒng)的思想文化是毛澤東法制思想的文化底蘊；近代西方的法制觀對毛澤東法制思想形成具有深刻的啟蒙意義；馬克思列寧主義法學(xué)理論是毛澤東法制思想的直接理論來源。毛澤東法制思想的形成和發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了萌芽時期、形成時期、發(fā)展時期、成熟時期、曲折發(fā)展時期等一系列過程。其中毛澤東法制思想的萌芽時期是土地革命前、形成時期是土地革命時期、發(fā)展時期是從抗日戰(zhàn)爭到新中國成立、成熟時期是建國初期到社會主義改造完成、曲折時期是文化大革命時期。毛澤東的法制思想內(nèi)容涵蓋面廣泛，主要理論成果表現(xiàn)在他的憲政思想、刑法思想、行政法思想以及經(jīng)濟法思想。他還有其他的一些部門法，但是相對比較零散、不成系統(tǒng)。在肯定毛澤東法制思想貢獻的同時，，我們也要看到由于當(dāng)時的歷史條件的限制以及毛澤東個人主觀上的失誤使毛澤東法制思想具有一定的局限性。在法制建設(shè)指導(dǎo)思想上違背社會主義方向和中心任務(wù)；在國家治理方式上重“人治”輕“法治”；對法律職能的認(rèn)識上重“階級性”輕“社會性”；在法律的權(quán)威性上重“政策”輕“法律”；以政治偏見盲目排斥西方近現(xiàn)代法律思想文化。造成毛澤東法制思想的局限性也是多方面的：客觀上，我國當(dāng)時缺乏實行法制的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化和國際條件。政治上實行高度集權(quán)的政治體制和“左”傾主義錯誤的影響；經(jīng)濟上，實行高度集中的計劃經(jīng)濟；不具備傳統(tǒng)文化基礎(chǔ)，“人治”傳統(tǒng)影響深遠；不具備依法治國的國際環(huán)境，西方資本主義國家和蘇聯(lián)的法制都陷入混亂。主觀上，毛澤東個人缺乏法制建設(shè)經(jīng)驗和謙虛謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。研究毛澤東法制的思想的重點所在是挖掘它的當(dāng)代價值和借鑒意義。毛澤東法制思想的當(dāng)代價值一方面其豐富了馬克思主義法學(xué)理論，對其做出了重要的理論貢獻，同時有助于完善毛澤東思想科學(xué)體系。另一方面，為中國特色社會主義法制工作提供了基本的工作思路，同時為建設(shè)和諧社會奠定了基礎(chǔ)。通過對毛澤東法制思想局限性的分析，得出了以下的歷史啟示：我們要堅持依法治國為主，德法并舉，增強全民法律意識，營造法律至上的氛圍，以科學(xué)包容的態(tài)度對待國內(nèi)外所有優(yōu)秀的法律文化。
[Abstract]:Mao Zedong's legal thought is an important theoretical achievement which combines Marxist legal theory with China's reality and is an inseparable part of Mao Zedong's ideological science system. Mao Zedong's legal thought, like other scientific theories, has historical inheritance. Its theoretical origins are as follows: the traditional ideology and culture is the cultural background of Mao Zedong's legal thought; The view of modern western legal system has profound enlightening significance to the formation of Mao Zedong's legal thought, and Marxism-Leninist legal theory is the direct theoretical source of Mao Zedong's legal thought. The formation and development of Mao Zedong's legal thought has experienced a series of processes, such as budding period, forming period, developing period, mature period, tortuous development period and so on. The embryonic period of Mao Zedong's legal thought was before the agrarian revolution, the forming period was the agrarian revolution, the development period was from the War of Resistance against Japan to the founding of New China, and the mature period was from the early stage of founding the people's Republic of China to the completion of socialist transformation. The tortuous period was the period of the Cultural Revolution. Mao Zedong's legal thought covers a wide range of contents, the main theoretical achievements are his constitutional thought, criminal law thought, administrative law thought and economic law thought. He has other branches of law, but they are relatively fragmented and unsystematic. While affirming Mao Zedong's contribution to legal thought, we should also see that due to the limitation of historical conditions at that time and the personal subjective error of Mao Zedong, the legal thought of Mao Zedong has certain limitations. It runs counter to the socialist direction and the central task in the guiding ideology of the legal system construction, emphasizes the "rule of man" rather than "the rule of law" in the way of national governance, and emphasizes "class" and "social" on the understanding of the legal function. Emphasis on "policy" and "law" in the authority of law, and blind rejection of western modern legal ideology and culture with political prejudice. The limitation of Mao Zedong's legal thought is also in many aspects: objectively, our country lacked the political, economic, cultural and international conditions to carry out the legal system at that time. Politically, the political system with a high degree of centralization of power and the erroneous influence of the "left" tilting doctrine; economically, the highly centralized planned economy; the lack of a traditional cultural foundation and the far-reaching influence of the tradition of "rule by man"; and the lack of an international environment for governing the country according to law, Western capitalist countries and the Soviet Union had a chaotic legal system. Subjectively, Mao Zedong individual lacks legal system construction experience and modest and prudent attitude. The key point of studying Mao Zedong's legal system is to excavate its contemporary value and reference significance. On the one hand, the contemporary value of Mao Zedong's legal thought enriches Marxist legal theory, makes important theoretical contributions to it, and at the same time helps to perfect the ideological scientific system of Mao Zedong. On the other hand, it provides the basic idea for the legal work of socialism with Chinese characteristics and lays the foundation for building a harmonious society. Based on the analysis of the limitation of Mao Zedong's legal thought, the following historical revelations are drawn: we should persist in governing the country according to law, develop both morality and law, strengthen the legal consciousness of the whole people, and create an atmosphere of the supremacy of law. Treat all outstanding legal culture at home and abroad with scientific tolerance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D909.2;A841

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張巧妹,胡玉平;毛澤東的法制思想及其現(xiàn)實意義[J];大同職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2002年04期

2 高文盛,熊金蝶;毛澤東法制思想的時代特征及其局限[J];河北法學(xué);2002年03期

3 陶信平;郗澤寧;楊樹;;論毛澤東法制思想對構(gòu)建農(nóng)村和諧社會的意義[J];老區(qū)建設(shè);2007年10期

4 劉亞玲;;毛澤東的法制思想及其當(dāng)代價值[J];毛澤東思想研究;2007年01期

5 陳首崔;付云鵬;;論析毛澤東法制成就有限之因[J];寧波廣播電視大學(xué)學(xué)報;2007年04期

6 孔艷霞;試論毛澤東的法制思想[J];西藏民族學(xué)院學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2004年05期

7 張永波;;毛澤東法制思想及其歷史地位[J];運城學(xué)院學(xué)報;2011年01期

8 胡喬木;;中國為什么犯20年的“左”傾錯誤[J];中共黨史研究;1992年05期

9 易見;;毛澤東“人民立憲”思想探源[J];中國法學(xué);1993年06期

10 羅時光;繼承毛澤東法制思想加速社會主義法制建設(shè)[J];西南民族學(xué)院學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);1994年S2期

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前1條

1 胡錦濤;[N];人民日報;2005年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 丁勝;建國后毛澤東的法制思想探析[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

本文編號：2222214