【摘要】：眾所周知，“實踐的觀點”是馬克思主義哲學的基本觀點，“實踐”概念是馬克思主義哲學的核心概念，是馬克思徹底唯物主義的邏輯出發(fā)點。正是在實踐觀點的基礎上，馬克思否定了以思辨概念為特征的傳統(tǒng)“理性主義哲學”，使哲學從脫離人的彼岸世界回到了現(xiàn)實的人間世界，從而開創(chuàng)了哲學發(fā)展的嶄新模式，為現(xiàn)代哲學理論奠定了基礎，實現(xiàn)了哲學的革命性變革。 在《1844年經(jīng)濟學哲學手稿》、《關于費爾巴哈的提綱》、《德意志意識形態(tài)》這三本著作中鮮明地闡述了馬克思的實踐觀及其哲學觀變革，為無產(chǎn)階級乃至全人類的解放提供了思想武器和理論指導。其中，《1844年經(jīng)濟學哲學手稿》是實踐觀雛形形成的著作，是歷史唯物主義的萌芽之作，重點考察了物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)勞動、特別是“異化勞動”這種最基本的實踐形式；《關于費爾巴哈的提綱》和《德意志意識形態(tài)》一起表述了新世界觀的基本立場和要點，使實踐觀點得以展開和發(fā)揮。隨著對“實踐”的內(nèi)涵、本質(zhì)和作用的認識的不斷深刻，實踐觀也逐漸全面與科學起來。 值得關注的是，《1844年經(jīng)濟學哲學手稿》（以下簡稱《手稿》）是較為系統(tǒng)地提出和論證“實踐觀”的起始之作，并較為深入地探討了實踐及其性質(zhì)和意義。它是馬克思研究重心發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移的產(chǎn)物，是對共產(chǎn)主義進行理論論證的產(chǎn)物，是進一步拋棄黑格爾的哲學及批判青年黑格爾派的產(chǎn)物。因此，在本文中，，筆者以實踐為邏輯線索，重點研究了馬克思《手稿》中的實踐內(nèi)容，首先探討了黑格爾實踐觀的內(nèi)容及其對馬克思實踐觀的意義和影響，之后闡述了早期馬克思的實踐觀及其哲學變革的實質(zhì)，最后分析了馬克思的《手稿》的實踐觀的歷史地位及影響。
[Abstract]:As we all know, "the viewpoint of practice" is the basic viewpoint of Marxist philosophy, the concept of "practice" is the core concept of Marxist philosophy and the logical starting point of Marx's thorough materialism. It is on the basis of the practical viewpoint that Marx denied the traditional "rationalism philosophy" characterized by speculative concepts, which made philosophy return from the other side of the human world to the real world, thus creating a new model for the development of philosophy. It lays the foundation for the modern philosophical theory and realizes the revolutionary transformation of philosophy. In his three works, the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844, the outline of Feuerbach and the German ideology, Marx's view of practice and the transformation of his philosophy are clearly expounded. For the proletariat and even the liberation of all mankind to provide ideological weapons and theoretical guidance. Among them, the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844 is a book formed by the embryonic form of the concept of practice, and is the budding work of historical materialism. It focuses on the investigation of material production labor, especially the most basic practical form of "alienated labor". The outline of Feuerbach and the German ideology together express the basic stand and main points of the new world outlook, so that the practical viewpoint can be developed and brought into play. With the profound understanding of the connotation, essence and function of "practice", the concept of practice is becoming more and more comprehensive and scientific. It is worth paying attention to that the manuscript of Economics and philosophy of 1844 (hereinafter referred to as manuscript) is the beginning of putting forward and proving the concept of practice systematically, and deeply discusses the practice and its nature and significance. It is the product of the shift of the center of gravity of Marx's research, the theoretical argumentation of communism, the further abandonment of Hegel's philosophy and the criticism of the young Hegel school. Therefore, in this paper, the author takes practice as a logical clue, focuses on the practical content of Marx's manuscripts, and first discusses the content of Hegel's view of practice and its significance and influence on Marx's view of practice. After that, it expounds the practice view of early Marx and the essence of its philosophical transformation, and finally analyzes the historical position and influence of Marx's practice view of manuscripts.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：A811;B023


本文編號：2184167