本文關(guān)鍵詞： 宗教 世俗化 恩格斯宗教觀 歷史唯物主義　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：人類進(jìn)入工業(yè)時代,生產(chǎn)方式的巨變推動著社會各方面的重構(gòu)。世界萬物皆在變化、發(fā)展之中,宗教亦是如此。宗教世俗化并不是現(xiàn)代社會的產(chǎn)物,它經(jīng)歷了漫長的歷史演變過程。而當(dāng)今社會中世俗化趨勢日漸明顯,成為當(dāng)代宗教的主體色,世俗化研究也被視為近現(xiàn)代宗教研究的重要課題之一。世俗化一方面使宗教在社會諸多領(lǐng)域逐漸趨于邊緣位置；另一方面宗教又通過自體革新,以更適宜的方式存在于當(dāng)今世界。只有遵循客觀規(guī)律,從正確的宗教觀出發(fā)去認(rèn)識宗教的本質(zhì)、產(chǎn)生、功能以及發(fā)展趨勢,才能把握世俗化的潮流特征,全面分析世俗化的一系列問題,從而在社會實(shí)踐中趨利避害。 恩格斯受所處的微觀環(huán)境影響,對宗教給予了一定程度的重視,在對宗教進(jìn)行研究和批判的過程中,恩格斯逐漸樹立起歷史唯物主義旗幟。他繼承和發(fā)展了馬克思的思想,并就馬克思的宗教理論展開了較為系統(tǒng)地闡發(fā)。因此,恩格斯宗教觀在整個馬克思主義宗教觀中保持著相對的獨(dú)立性,蘊(yùn)含重要的研究價值,對我們理解當(dāng)代宗教世俗化問題具有指導(dǎo)意義。 本文首先從恩格斯宗教思想形成和發(fā)展的歷程談起,以宏觀視角解析恩格斯宗教理論中與宗教世俗化相聯(lián)系的部分觀點(diǎn)。其次談到恩格斯對于宗教本質(zhì)的剖析為宗教注入了世俗的基礎(chǔ),并結(jié)合恩格斯對世俗化的態(tài)度,闡明他的思想是對西方傳統(tǒng)宗教世俗化思想的偉大創(chuàng)新。接著本文從微觀層面來探討恩格斯的宗教世俗化思想,厘清政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、科學(xué)等與宗教世俗化的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。最后進(jìn)一步論證恩格斯用現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的世俗化、用人實(shí)踐的本質(zhì)來詮釋宗教的世俗化趨勢,這些世俗化思想植根于恩格斯的宗教觀中。 誠然,歷史唯物主義不能作為研究全部宗教問題的“大標(biāo)簽”,恩格斯提供給我們的是一種研究的思路和方式,他的宗教世俗化思想并沒有形成專門的理論,因而其宗教世俗化思想屬于方法論范疇而不是具體的學(xué)科體系。在恩格斯唯物主義宗教觀的啟示下,我們一方面應(yīng)當(dāng)秉承“與時俱進(jìn)”、“實(shí)事求是”的理論精髓,在實(shí)踐中發(fā)展和豐富馬克思主義宗教觀；另一方面需要準(zhǔn)確掌握宗教的現(xiàn)代局勢,運(yùn)用宗教在世俗化中的自我調(diào)節(jié)能力,施展宗教在現(xiàn)代社會中的積極作用,指導(dǎo)宗教與社會主義相適應(yīng),和諧發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:When mankind enters the industrial age, the great changes in the mode of production promote the reconstruction of all aspects of society. Everything in the world is changing and developing, so is religion. Secularization of religion is not the product of modern society. It has gone through a long historical evolution process, but in today's society the trend of secularization is becoming more and more obvious, becoming the main color of contemporary religion. The study of secularization is also regarded as one of the important subjects in the research of modern religion. On the one hand, secularization makes religion tend to be marginalized in many fields of society; On the other hand, religion exists in today's world in a more suitable way through self-innovation. Only by following the objective law and starting from the correct religious view to understand the essence, production, function and development trend of religion. In order to grasp the trend characteristics of secularization, comprehensively analyze a series of problems of secularization, so as to seek advantages and avoid harm in social practice. Influenced by the micro environment, Engels paid attention to religion to a certain extent, in the process of researching and criticizing religion. Engels gradually set up the banner of historical materialism. He inherited and developed Marx's thought, and carried out a more systematic analysis of Marx's religious theory. Engels' religious view maintains relative independence in the whole Marxist religious view and contains important research value, which is of guiding significance to our understanding of the secularization of contemporary religion. This paper begins with the formation and development of Engels' religious thought. In this paper, the author analyzes the views of Engels' religious theory in relation to religious secularization. Secondly, Engels' analysis of the nature of religion infuses the secular basis of religion. In combination with Engels' attitude to secularization, this paper clarifies that his thought is a great innovation to the western traditional religious secularization. Then, this paper discusses Engels' religious secularization from the micro level and clarifies politics. Finally, Engels explains the trend of secularization of religion with the secularization of the real world and the essence of employment practice. These secularization ideas are rooted in Engels' religious views. It is true that historical materialism can not be used as a "big label" to study all religious problems. Engels offered us a kind of thinking and method of research, and his religious secularization thought did not form a special theory. Therefore, his religious secularization thought belongs to the category of methodology rather than the specific discipline system. Under the enlightenment of Engels' religious materialism, on the one hand, we should adhere to "keep pace with the times". The essence of the theory of "seeking truth from facts" develops and enriches Marxist religious views in practice; On the other hand, it is necessary to grasp the modern situation of religion accurately, to use the self-regulating ability of religion in secularization, to exert the positive role of religion in modern society, to guide religion to adapt to socialism and to develop harmoniously.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：B920;A811

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 靳紹彤;"抽象人性論"是非科學(xué)的抽象[J];福建論壇(文史哲版);1984年03期

2 馮丹;當(dāng)代世界宗教的世俗化傾向[J];國際關(guān)系學(xué)院學(xué)報;1999年01期

3 馬太·多岡,仕琦;西歐宗教信仰的式微[J];國際社會科學(xué)雜志(中文版);1996年03期

4 張夢周;論新世紀(jì)宗教與社會主義社會相適應(yīng)[J];廣西社會主義學(xué)院學(xué)報;2004年02期

5 陳均土;;德里達(dá)解構(gòu)的馬克思主義論析[J];吉首大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2011年06期

6 王肖燕;;恩格斯對馬克思主義宗教觀的貢獻(xiàn)(一)[J];科學(xué)與無神論;2010年05期

7 王肖燕;;恩格斯對馬克思主義宗教觀的貢獻(xiàn)(二)[J];科學(xué)與無神論;2010年06期

8 宋俊成;;馬克思超越費(fèi)爾巴哈的“類本質(zhì)異化”思想的再認(rèn)識[J];湖南醫(yī)科大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2010年02期

9 吳強(qiáng);;威斯特伐利亞和約[J];紅旗文稿;2010年11期

10 王仕國;全球化與宗教的世俗化[J];求實(shí);2003年12期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 秦秋;馬克思恩格斯宗教觀的當(dāng)代反思[D];山東大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號：1480266