語用推理是語用學領(lǐng)域研究的焦點之一。Grice在其名篇Logic & Conversation中對語用推理的論述奠定了推理語用學的基礎(chǔ)。Sperber & Wilson提出的關(guān)聯(lián)理論,從認知科學的視角來審視語用推理,確立了認知與語用研究相結(jié)合的基石。但從關(guān)聯(lián)理論的本質(zhì)屬性出發(fā),對語用推理的認知機制進行形式刻畫卻鮮有嘗試。 本文以關(guān)聯(lián)理論語用推理的溯因?qū)傩詾槌霭l(fā)點,理清皮爾士(Peirce)早晚期溯因邏輯的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系,將早期溯因邏輯整合為后期溯因邏輯的一種特殊形式,并嘗試性地構(gòu)建溯因推理的認知機制;同時,在皮爾士后期邏輯框架下對歸納做出新的闡釋,以便統(tǒng)一皮爾士后期科學發(fā)現(xiàn)模式中溯因、演繹、歸納三種邏輯手段在語用推理認知機制中的應用。交際者將這一邏輯整合模型運用于語用推理之中,如果聽者聽到言者所說出乎意料,便用溯因推理構(gòu)建假說,即找出言者為什么會做出非常規(guī)非直接回答的原因;以此溯因推理結(jié)論為前提,聯(lián)合明示話語演繹出預測結(jié)果,最后由歸納檢驗預測的結(jié)果是否與事實一致;如果與事實相悖,重新溯因,直至找到滿意解釋為止。 本項研究運用我們重新解釋后的皮爾士邏輯整合論嘗試性地仿真語用推...

【文章頁數(shù)】：80 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Preliminaries
    1.2 Theoretical Background
        1.2.1 Competence vs. Performance
        1.2.2 Micropragmatics vs. Macropragmatics
        1.2.3 Formalism vs. Formalization
        1.2.4 Inference vs. Reasoning
        1.2.5 What Is Said vs. What Is Implicated
    1.3 Organization of Present Study
Chapter 2 Literature Review of Previous Researches
    2.1 Classic Gricean Pragmatic Inference Proposals
        2.1.1 Cooperative Principle and Maxims of Conversation
    2.2 Neo-Gricean Pragmatic Inference Proposals
        2.2.1 Horn’s Two Principles
        2.2.2 Levinson’s Three Principles
        2.2.3 Relevance Theory
    2.3 Generalization
Chapter 3 Reinterpretation of Peirce’s Abduction
    3.1 Abduction in Two Different Periods
        3.1.1 Early Syllogistic Theory
        3.1.2 Later Peirce’s Inferential Theory
    3.2 Relation between Peirce’s Theory and Modern Philosophy of Science
    3.3 Feasibility of the Reinterpretation of Abduction in Linguistics
        3.3.1 Reformulation of the Concept of Abduction
        3.3.2 The Adjusted Abduction and Induction in Three-stage Model
    3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 Integration of Abduction, Deduction and Induction in Pragmatic Reasoning
    4.1 Adopting and Altering Logic Concepts of Abduction and Induction
        4.1.1 Starting from Philosophical and Logical Views
        4.1.2 Reinterpretation of Abduction and Induction in AI
    4.2 Demonstration of the Relation between Abduction, Induction and Deduction
Chapter 5 Tentative Mechanism for Pragmatic Reasoning
    5.1 Properties of Pragmatic Reasoning
    5.2 Functions of Context and tentative Mechanism
Conclusion
References
AppendixA 詳細中文摘要
Acknowledgements



本文編號：3930276