作為一種普遍存在的語言現(xiàn)象,委婉語有其獨(dú)特的價(jià)值。如果沒有善意的委婉作為包裝,直率就如同一個(gè)放在桌沿的花瓶,在自己落地易碎的同時(shí)還容易弄傷他人。 早期中西方學(xué)者們從委婉語的定義、分類及美學(xué)效果入手,從各個(gè)層面對(duì)其進(jìn)行詳盡的描寫性或規(guī)定性的研究;隨著社會(huì)語言學(xué)和語用學(xué)的深入發(fā)展,其研究范圍也拓展到了委婉語的社會(huì)功能及其所遵循的語用原則;當(dāng)前風(fēng)靡學(xué)界的認(rèn)知語言學(xué)理論,更是被學(xué)者們充分利用,對(duì)委婉語背后所隱藏的認(rèn)知理據(jù)進(jìn)行了解釋性的探討,從而踏上了委婉語的解釋學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)向。我們亦循此道而行,繼學(xué)者們對(duì)其認(rèn)知理據(jù),即委婉語如何運(yùn)作作出解釋之后,進(jìn)一步探究其為何可以如此運(yùn)作,并給出一個(gè)學(xué)理上的解釋。這就是我們的研究?jī)?nèi)容:委婉語的邏輯基礎(chǔ)。 從眾多學(xué)者從不同角度對(duì)委婉語所下的定義中,我們提煉出一個(gè)核心詞匯——替換。替換是實(shí)現(xiàn)間接表達(dá)的重要手段,具體到委婉語,就是用委婉表達(dá)Y代替禁忌、不雅的表達(dá)X,我們把它抽象為“X是Y”。但根據(jù)經(jīng)典邏輯的排中律、同一律和不矛盾律,事物是A就不能同時(shí)是非A(-A)。既然如此,委婉語就是不合邏輯的。但事實(shí)是,在委婉表達(dá)中理性的說話人的確將X表達(dá)成Y,并且理性的聽話人一般亦能...

【文章頁數(shù)】：73 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
中文摘要
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 Lead-in Remarks
        1.1.1 Key Research Questions
        1.1.2 Methodology
        1.1.3 Data Collection
    1.2 Euphemisms: Origin and Motivation
    1.3 Organization of the Paper
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 Introduction: Related Studies Home and Abroad
    2.2 Detailed Review on Different Approaches
        2.2.1 Semantic Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.2 Psychological Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.3 Socio-functional Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.4 Fuzzy Linguistic Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.5 Pragmatic Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.6 Cognitive Approach to Euphemisms
    2.3 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
    3.1 General Remarks
    3.2 Logic of Taxonomy
        3.2.1 Previous Models of Categories
        3.2.2 徐盛桓’s Refined Descriptions of Categories
            3.2.2.1 Mental Models
            3.2.2.2 Type Hierarchy Structure
            3.2.2.3 Inheritance between Connotation(s) and Denotation(s)
    3.3 Possible Worlds Logic
        3.3.1 Previous Studies on Possible Worlds Logic
        3.3.2 Taxonomy as Objects: three possible worlds
    3.4 Summary of the Theories
    3.5 Towards a Unified Framework
Chapter Four Close Observation on the Issue of Euphemism
    4.1 General Remarks
    4.2 Definition of Euphemism
    4.3 Classification of Euphemism
    4.4 Means of Indirect Expression: Substitution
    4.5 Summary
Chapter Five Euphemism: Logical Analysis
    5.1 Theoretical Goals
    5.2 Towards a Logic of Taxonomy Analysis
        5.2.1 Logic of Taxonomy: the Logical Premise of Euphemisms
        5.2.2 On Metonymic Euphemisms
        5.2.3 On Metaphorical Euphemisms
    5.3 Towards a Possible Worlds Logic Analysis
        5.3.1 World of Reality Reviewed
        5.3.2 World of imagination and Euphemisms
        5.3.3 Ad hoc World and Euphemisms
    5.4 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
    6.1 Brief Summary of This Study
    6.2 Major Findings
    6.3 Limitations of the Present Study and Suggestions for Further Research
    6.4 Potential Application
Bibliography



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