論證評(píng)價(jià)的非形式邏輯模型及其理論困境
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-05-26 19:31
本文選題:論證 + 論辯 ; 參考:《學(xué)術(shù)研究》2007年09期
【摘要】:論證有兩種類(lèi)型:一是指作為結(jié)果的論證,二是指作為過(guò)程的論證。哈貝馬斯把前者稱(chēng)為"論證",后者稱(chēng)為"論辯"。然而,20世紀(jì)上半葉,論證結(jié)構(gòu)被理想化了。數(shù)學(xué)證明被人們當(dāng)作成功論證的范式,論證完全被從自然語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)境中抽象出來(lái),論證研究者們主要關(guān)注的是作為結(jié)果的論證。事實(shí)上,從20世紀(jì)40年代開(kāi)始,斯特勞森、澳斯汀、塞爾等哲學(xué)家就開(kāi)始關(guān)注論證評(píng)價(jià)的語(yǔ)用要素。遺憾的是,他們的工作對(duì)蒙太古及其追隨者們發(fā)展起來(lái)的形式語(yǔ)義學(xué)影響極小。基于非形式邏輯的論證評(píng)價(jià)被宣稱(chēng)為針對(duì)日常生活中真實(shí)論證的分析評(píng)價(jià)模型,但在這個(gè)模型中,論證仍然被當(dāng)作結(jié)果而非過(guò)程來(lái)處理。從這個(gè)意義上講,非形式邏輯對(duì)真實(shí)論證的處理不是成功的。
[Abstract]:There are two types of arguments: one is the argument as a result, and the two is the argument of the process. Habermas called the former as "argument", and the latter is called "argument". However, in the first half of the twentieth Century, the argumentation structure was idealized. The proof of Mathematics was regarded as a paradigm of successful demonstration, and the argument was abstracted from the context of natural language. In fact, in fact, from the beginning of 1940s, Straw, Austin, Searl and other philosophers began to pay attention to the pragmatic elements of argumentation evaluation. Unfortunately, their work has little influence on the formal semantics developed by Montague and its followers. The argument evaluation is claimed to be an analytic evaluation model for the real argument in daily life, but in this model, the argument is still treated as a result rather than a process. In this sense, the non formal logic is not successful in dealing with the real argument.
【作者單位】:
【基金】:2006年國(guó)家社科基金項(xiàng)目“基于非形式邏輯的法律論證研究”(06BZX049) 2004年廣東省高校人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重大項(xiàng)目“人文社會(huì)科學(xué)中的邏輯方法研究”(04ZD72001)的研究成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:B81
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