本文選題：演繹推理　切入點：復(fù)合命題推理　出處：《華南師范大學(xué)》2002年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 我們研究了8-10歲的兒童，青少年和成年人的復(fù)合命題推理發(fā)展。一共有128名被試參加了本實驗。實驗采用命題-圖形匹配的方法，考察了復(fù)合命題推理的所有5種類型，結(jié)果表明：(1)復(fù)合命題推理在兒童期、少年期和成年期顯著獲得發(fā)展。(2)復(fù)合命題的推理，支持了心理模型理論。推理的難易，可以從心理模型的數(shù)目多少中獲得預(yù)測。需要構(gòu)建多個心理模型的推理問題比雙模型推理問題難，，而雙模型推理問題又比單模型推理問題難。(3)復(fù)合命題推理的發(fā)展，同樣支持了心理模型理論。3種模型問題的推理呈現(xiàn)不同的發(fā)展步調(diào)和態(tài)勢。單模型推理在小學(xué)階段已經(jīng)很好地獲得發(fā)展，雙模型推理在初中階段獲得較好的發(fā)展，三模型推理發(fā)展較遲，即使成年期仍未能很好地發(fā)展完備。從而得到了與皮亞杰階段論不同的結(jié)果。(4)各種類型的推理問題也表現(xiàn)出不同的發(fā)展特點。聯(lián)言推理的能力在小學(xué)階段已基本完備；選言推理和充分必要條件推理在小學(xué)階段也得到了初步的發(fā)展，在初中和大學(xué)階段顯著獲得發(fā)展，并可以達到較高的水平；充分條件推理和必要條件推理能力基本上要到初中才初步具備，并需要終生發(fā)展，難以達到較高的水平。
[Abstract]:We studied the development of complex propositional reasoning in children, adolescents and adults aged 8 to 10 years. A total of 128 subjects participated in this experiment. All five types of complex propositional reasoning were investigated by using the proposition-graph matching method. The results show that the complex propositional reasoning develops significantly in childhood, adolescence and adulthood, which supports the mental model theory. We can get the prediction from the number of mental models. The reasoning problem that needs to build multiple mental models is more difficult than that of double model reasoning, and the problem of double model reasoning is more difficult than that of single model reasoning. It also supports the reasoning of psychological model theory. 3 kinds of model problems show different development pace and situation. Single model reasoning has been developed well in primary school, and double model reasoning has developed better in junior middle school. The development of three-model reasoning is late. All kinds of reasoning problems show different developmental characteristics even in adulthood. The ability of associative reasoning is basically complete in primary school; The choice of speech reasoning and the necessary and sufficient reasoning have also got the preliminary development in the primary school stage, in the junior middle school and the university stage has obtained the remarkable development, and can attain the higher level; The ability of sufficient conditional reasoning and necessary condition reasoning is not available until junior high school, and it needs lifelong development, so it is difficult to reach a higher level.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：B812

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 高華;條件推理雙重加工的發(fā)展性研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王娟娟;中學(xué)生日常推理的實證研究[D];東北師范大學(xué);2006年

本文編號：1618969