本文關(guān)鍵詞：試論名稱所指的確定　出處：《華南師范大學(xué)》2002年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 名稱 所指（指稱） 確定 語境 涵義（意義） 摹狀詞

【摘要】： 名稱所指之確定是一個(gè)古老而常新的重要邏輯哲學(xué)話題。無論是在中國(guó)還是在西方都有悠久的研究歷史，特別是現(xiàn)代西方對(duì)這一課題的研究逐步走向深入，，呈現(xiàn)出三大派別。本文力圖簡(jiǎn)要回顧這一研究課題的淵源，著重評(píng)述現(xiàn)代西方三派理論的基本思想，并分析現(xiàn)代西方指稱確定觀的發(fā)展特征，最后提出自己的初步見解。 本論文由三部分組成： 第一部分：一個(gè)古老而常新的重要邏輯話題——名稱所指的確定問題。名稱所指的確定是名稱理論的核心問題之一，它一直是邏輯哲學(xué)家和語言哲學(xué)家共同探討的重要話題。在中國(guó)古代和近代邏輯史上，邏輯學(xué)家和哲學(xué)家們把它作為研究的重要問題，并取得了一定的研究成果。在西方，從古希臘開始，這一課題一直得到重視和研究，特別是在現(xiàn)代取得了豐碩的研究成果，呈現(xiàn)出三大派別：“摹狀詞論”、“歷史因果論”和“語境論”。目前，人們對(duì)它的研究仍在發(fā)展延續(xù)，難以形成一致的看法。 第二部分：現(xiàn)代西方名稱所指確定觀的三大流派和發(fā)展特征�，F(xiàn)代西方所指確定觀呈現(xiàn)出三大派別。“摹狀詞論”認(rèn)為名稱所指是由相應(yīng)摹狀詞表達(dá)的名稱涵義確定的：“歷史因果論”認(rèn)為名稱所指的確定是由一條恰當(dāng)歷史因果鏈條完成的；“語境論”認(rèn)為名稱所指是由名稱使用的特定語境因素確定的。這部分簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)述了這三派觀點(diǎn)，然后從總體上提出現(xiàn)代西方名稱所指確定觀的五個(gè)方面的發(fā)展特征：在名稱指稱域方面實(shí)現(xiàn)了由現(xiàn)實(shí)世界向可能世界的轉(zhuǎn)化；在名稱指稱語境方面實(shí)現(xiàn)了由言內(nèi)語境到言外語境的重心轉(zhuǎn)移；在名稱的所指確定的依據(jù)方面實(shí)現(xiàn)了涵義確定論到實(shí)踐活動(dòng)確定論的變化；在名稱所指確定的目標(biāo)方面實(shí)現(xiàn)了絕對(duì)確定論到相對(duì)確定 論的轉(zhuǎn)變；在名稱所指確定的中介方面實(shí)現(xiàn)了力斥心理主義到心理意向性 復(fù)歸的變遷。這些發(fā)展特征在某種意義上說可歸結(jié)為語境觀念的轉(zhuǎn)化過程。 第三部分：名稱所指的確定是一個(gè)離不開語境的多重復(fù)合因素的互動(dòng) 過程。從構(gòu)成名稱的多種語言表達(dá)式及其確定其所指的內(nèi)部差異性來看， 語境因素是決定一個(gè)語言表達(dá)式能否充當(dāng)名稱和其指稱力強(qiáng)弱的關(guān)鍵性因 素。影響指稱活動(dòng)有多種復(fù)合因素。這部分分析了其中五種因素，即指稱 主體、名稱賴以獲得其涵義的語言背景、確定所指的語言規(guī)則、指稱客體 和指稱活動(dòng)諸環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)確定名稱所指的影響。最后作者從名稱的本質(zhì)涵義與 非本質(zhì)涵義的劃分、名稱的詞匯意義和語用意義的關(guān)系和確定名稱所指的 活動(dòng)三個(gè)方面論證了語境是確定名稱所指的關(guān)鍵性因素的觀點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The definition of the name is an old and often new important topic of logical philosophy. Both in China and in the West, there is a long history of research, especially the modern western research on this subject is gradually going deep. This paper tries to briefly review the origin of this research topic, focus on the basic ideas of the modern western theory of the three schools, and analyze the characteristics of the development of the modern western theory of reference determination. Finally, I put forward my own preliminary opinion. This thesis consists of three parts: The first part: an old and often new important logical topic-the determination of the name refers to. The determination of the name is one of the core problems of the name theory. It has always been an important topic discussed by logical philosophers and language philosophers. In the history of logic in ancient and modern China, logicians and philosophers have taken it as an important issue. In the west, since ancient Greece, this subject has been paid attention to and studied, especially in modern times, it has made a lot of research results, showing three major schools: "description theory". "Historical causality" and "contextualism". At present, people's research on it is still developing and continuing, it is difficult to form a consistent view. The second part: the three schools and development characteristics of the deterministic view of the modern western name. There are three major schools of the modern western nominal-deterministic view. "the Theory of description" It is believed that the name refers to is determined by the meaning of the name expressed by the corresponding description: "Historical causality" holds that the determination of the name refers to by an appropriate historical causal chain; Context Theory holds that the meaning of the name is determined by the specific contextual factors used by the name. This part briefly comments on the views of these three schools of thought. Then, it puts forward the development characteristics of five aspects of the definition view of modern western names in general: the transformation from the real world to the possible world in the field of name reference; In the aspect of nominal-referential context, the emphasis is shifted from the intra-linguistic context to the foreign language context. In the name of the reference to determine the basis for the realization of the meaning of the determination of the theory of practical activities to determine the changes; Absolute certainty to relative certainty has been achieved in terms of the objectives identified by the name The transformation of the theory; the realization of psychological repulsive to psychological intentionality in terms of the medium specified by the name. In a sense, these developmental features can be attributed to the transformation of contextual concepts. Part three: the definition of the name is an interaction of multiple and complex factors which can not be separated from the context. Process. In view of the multilingual expressions that make up names and the internal differences in which they are determined, Contextual factors are the key factors determining whether a language expression can act as a name and its referential power. There are many complex factors affecting referential activities. This part analyzes five of them, namely, referential The linguistic background in which the meaning of the subject is derived, and the language rules and reference objects to which the reference is made. And the effects of referential activities on the determination of names. Finally, the author begins with the essential meaning of names and The division of non-essential meanings, the relationship between the lexical and pragmatic meanings of names and the determination of the The three aspects of activity demonstrate the view that context is the key factor in determining names.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類號(hào)】：B812

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 曹予生;克里普克個(gè)體指稱理論的疑難[J];復(fù)旦學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1997年01期

2 朱志凱，邵強(qiáng)進(jìn);略論語言哲學(xué)中的專名和通名──兼評(píng)羅素和克里普克的理論[J];復(fù)旦學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1994年06期

3 阮松;專名的意義[J];華東師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1994年05期

4 馮棉;名稱的涵義與指稱——從穆勒到克里普克[J];華東師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1997年03期

5 孫學(xué)鈞;專名的涵義與指稱[J];湖北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1988年03期

6 孫學(xué)鈞;指稱與內(nèi)涵語境[J];湖北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1993年01期

7 陳曉平;符號(hào)的涵義與指稱——簡(jiǎn)評(píng)弗雷格的意義理論[J];華南師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1997年05期

8 張和平;摹狀詞略說[J];江漢大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1998年02期

9 王軍風(fēng);論意謂[J];江漢論壇;1997年01期

10 張智學(xué);指稱與涵義關(guān)系探析──語言意義理論討論之二[J];西北師大學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1999年03期

本文編號(hào)：1397638