【摘要】：漢制形成及其與六國(guó)文化的傳承、演變關(guān)系是秦漢史研究的重要課題之一。日益豐富的考古資料業(yè)已表明,在社會(huì)文化、風(fēng)俗領(lǐng)域,漢制其實(shí)多沿襲傳統(tǒng)楚文化的內(nèi)容。具體到喪葬禮俗而言,漢人便吸取了楚國(guó)禮制中獨(dú)有的偶鼎制度作為喪葬明器的制作范式之一,同時(shí)多采用戰(zhàn)國(guó)楚地盛行的絞衾儀式斂葬死者,與玉衣制度形成等級(jí)差別。在棺槨的層數(shù)與營(yíng)造方式上,漢人亦借鑒楚地的多重棺槨制度及槨箱分室系統(tǒng)來(lái)標(biāo)示身份的高低。由此表明,漢王朝實(shí)則已將傳統(tǒng)楚制納入到國(guó)家禮制的建設(shè)層面,由此嘗試構(gòu)建新的社會(huì)等級(jí)物化標(biāo)識(shí)。另一方面,近來(lái)在湖北云夢(mèng)睡虎地出土的西漢初年"葬律簡(jiǎn)"上亦有關(guān)于上述喪葬禮俗的約束條款,可見(jiàn)漢人又是以法律條文的形式來(lái)確保傳統(tǒng)禮制的遵守和推行,這無(wú)疑是考察中國(guó)上古社會(huì)從禮制走向法治的一個(gè)重要窗口。
[Abstract]:The formation of Han system and its inheritance and evolution relationship with the culture of the six countries is one of the important topics in the study of Qin and Han history. Increasingly rich archaeological data have shown that in the field of social culture and customs, the Chinese system actually follows the content of traditional Chu culture. As far as funeral etiquette and custom are concerned, the Han people absorbed the unique tripod system in the ritual system of Chu as one of the production patterns of funeral Ming ware. At the same time, they mostly adopted the hanging quilt ceremony prevailing in the warring States period to collect and bury the dead, which was different from the jade clothing system. In terms of the number and construction of coffins, the Han people also drew lessons from the multiple coffin system and the coffin compartment system in Chu to mark the level of identity. This shows that the Han Dynasty has brought the traditional Chu system into the construction level of the national etiquette system, thus trying to construct a new social grade materialized logo. On the other hand, recently, in the early Western Han Dynasty, which was unearthed in Yunmeng Sleeping Tiger Land in Hubei Province, there were also binding clauses on the above funeral etiquette and customs. It can be seen that the Han people also ensured the observance and implementation of the traditional etiquette system in the form of legal provisions. This is undoubtedly an important window to examine the ancient Chinese society from etiquette to the rule of law.
【作者單位】： 廈門大學(xué)歷史系;
【基金】：國(guó)家社科基金青年項(xiàng)目“東周青銅禮器使用制度研究”(2013CKG008)
【分類號(hào)】：K878.8

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