【摘要】：水乃生命之源,天地萬(wàn)物繁衍生息都離不開(kāi)水。水能潤(rùn)物,亦能養(yǎng)人。水井的出現(xiàn)是智慧的先民為解決生活、生產(chǎn)用水問(wèn)題修建的器物,是人與自然和諧相處的產(chǎn)物,也是文明社會(huì)的一種表現(xiàn)。原始先民的精神生活和物質(zhì)生活不斷被水井所蘊(yùn)含的文化所滲透。新石器時(shí)代的河姆渡古文化遺址發(fā)現(xiàn)中國(guó)最早的水井,說(shuō)明遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代的人類就已學(xué)會(huì)鑿井取水。它是人類利用自然、尊重自然、順應(yīng)自然的文化符號(hào)。水井的出現(xiàn)一定程度上緩解了地表水匱乏的局面,是人類開(kāi)始聚居的標(biāo)志。水井作為村落社會(huì)的水秩序中心,維系了人與人、村寨、社會(huì)三者之間的聯(lián)系。本文由五個(gè)部分組成。前言部分介紹了選題緣由及研究意義、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究思路與方法、概念界定;第二部分介紹了水井碑刻的基本情況,如分布、類型、特點(diǎn)等;第三部分詳細(xì)探討了從碑刻研究貴州飲用水資源的利用問(wèn)題;第四部分探討了從碑刻研究貴州飲用水資源的保護(hù)問(wèn)題;第五部分論述了水井碑刻蘊(yùn)含的“法意識(shí)”與地方性環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)給當(dāng)今貴州帶來(lái)的借鑒與啟示作用;最后結(jié)語(yǔ)部分總結(jié)了文章的中心思想。水井碑刻見(jiàn)證了水井及其水資源背后的文化意蘊(yùn)。人類對(duì)水資源的利用包括生活用水和生產(chǎn)用水兩個(gè)方面,歷史上官方關(guān)于水資源的記載多為水利,即生產(chǎn)、灌溉方面,對(duì)生活用水的歷史記載較少,尤其是邊疆地區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、落后地區(qū)更是屈指可數(shù)。而民間對(duì)自覺(jué)利用和保護(hù)飲用水資源、生活用水的記載較多,碑刻就是其中一種記載方式。本文試圖以水井碑刻為基本史料,從社會(huì)史的角度,以水井為切入點(diǎn),剖析明清以來(lái)至民國(guó)時(shí)期貴州村寨社會(huì)中的水井如何成為權(quán)力秩序中心以及背后蘊(yùn)涵的生態(tài)環(huán)境文化。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life, and everything in heaven and earth cannot reproduce without water. Water can moisten things and nourish people. The emergence of water wells is a product of harmony between man and nature as well as a manifestation of civilized society as well as an artifact built for solving the problem of life and producing water for the forebears of wisdom. The spiritual and material lives of the original ancestors were constantly permeated by the culture contained in the wells. The discovery of the earliest wells in China at the Heludu ancient cultural site in the Neolithic Age shows that ancient humans have learned to dig wells for water. It is a cultural symbol that human beings use, respect and conform to nature. The appearance of water well alleviates the shortage of surface water to a certain extent, and it is the symbol of human being's beginning to live together. As the water order center of village society, water well maintains the connection among people, villages and society. This paper consists of five parts. The preface introduces the reason and significance of the topic, the research status, the research ideas and methods, the definition of the concept, the second part introduces the basic situation of the water well inscription, such as distribution, type, characteristics and so on. The third part discusses in detail the utilization of drinking water resources in Guizhou from the inscriptions, the fourth part discusses the protection of drinking water resources in Guizhou from the inscriptions, and the fourth part discusses the protection of drinking water resources in Guizhou. The fifth part discusses the "legal consciousness" contained in the water well inscription and local environmental protection consciousness, which brings reference and enlightenment to Guizhou. Finally, the conclusion summarizes the central idea of the article. The well inscription bears witness to the cultural implications behind the well and its water resources. Human use of water resources includes two aspects: water for living and water for production. Most of the official records on water resources in history are water conservancy, that is, production and irrigation, and the historical records of water use for domestic use are less, especially in frontier areas. Ethnic areas, backward areas are even less numerous. There are many records about the self-conscious utilization and protection of drinking water resources, and the inscription is one of them. This article attempts to take the water well inscription as the basic historical material, from the angle of the social history and taking the well as the breakthrough point, to analyze how the water well in the village society of Guizhou since the Ming and Qing dynasties to the Republic of China period became the center of power order and the ecological environment culture behind it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K877.42

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