北魏平城出土石葬具研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-19 20:39
【摘要】：北魏平城出土的石葬具主要包括房形石室及石棺床兩類,本文統(tǒng)計房形石室4件,石棺床及石棺床前立板共13件,這些石葬具在北魏平城大量出現(xiàn)是一個特殊的文化現(xiàn)象。拓跋鮮卑定都平城后南征北戰(zhàn)建立起一個統(tǒng)一中國北半部疆域的強(qiáng)大王朝,并將周邊地區(qū)的人力、物力、財力大量集中到首都平城,石葬具正是在這一背景下出現(xiàn),它們在繼承中原漢魏文化的同時,又體現(xiàn)了拓跋鮮卑族的文化習(xí)俗。本文在詳細(xì)分析這些石葬具的雕刻形制、刻繪紋飾及使用功能的基礎(chǔ)上,對它們出現(xiàn)的歷史背景、文化淵源、與云岡石窟之間關(guān)系以及使用這些葬具的墓主人做了詳細(xì)的分析。從而推斷這些石葬具的大量出現(xiàn)是延續(xù)漢魏傳統(tǒng)墓葬習(xí)俗,并將漢代“第宅化”的喪葬習(xí)俗繼續(xù)向前發(fā)展。人們仿照現(xiàn)實生活中的居住環(huán)境來布置其逝世后的墓室,房形石室及與現(xiàn)實生活中“榻”的形制極為相似的石棺床的出現(xiàn),在很大程度上是受這一因素的影響。加之受拓跋鮮卑族原有喪葬習(xí)俗的影響,人們選擇用石頭來雕刻這些葬具,以期達(dá)到永恒的目的。就目前發(fā)表資料看,使用這些石葬具的墓主人均為長期居住在平城地區(qū)的漢人或者鮮卑人。另外,墓葬中出土房形石室的建筑形制與云岡石窟中所雕的北魏殿宇結(jié)構(gòu)有很多的相同點,他們都反映出當(dāng)時北魏平城木結(jié)構(gòu)殿宇建筑的風(fēng)格特點。這片文章的重點在研究出現(xiàn)這一文化現(xiàn)象的歷史原因,石葬具所體現(xiàn)的文化因素,以及它們對北朝以后各朝代墓葬習(xí)俗的影響。
[Abstract]:The stone burials unearthed in Pingcheng of the Northern Wei Dynasty mainly include two kinds of stone chamber and sarcophagus bed. In this paper, the author counts four stone rooms and 13 stone coffin beds. It is a special cultural phenomenon that these stone burials appear in large numbers in Pingcheng of Northern Wei Dynasty. After Pingcheng, the capital of Tuoba Xianbei, a powerful dynasty was established to unify the territory of the northern half of China after the Southern Expedition and Northern War, and the manpower, material and financial resources of the surrounding areas were concentrated in the capital, Pingcheng. It was against this background that the stone burial equipment appeared. While inheriting the culture of Han and Wei in Central Plains, they embody the cultural customs of Tuoba Xianbei nationality. On the basis of the detailed analysis of the engraving form, engraving patterns and using functions of these stone burial utensils, this paper makes a detailed analysis of their historical background, cultural origin, relationship with Yungang Grottoes and the owners of the tombs that use them. It is concluded that the mass appearance of these stone burial utensils is a continuation of the traditional burial customs of the Han and Wei dynasties, and the funeral customs of the Han Dynasty are further developed. The appearance of the tomb room, the stone chamber and the sarcophagus bed, which is very similar to the "bed" in real life, is influenced by this factor to a great extent. In addition, influenced by the original burial customs of Tuoba Xianbei, people chose to carve these burial utensils with stone in order to achieve the eternal purpose. According to the published data, the owners of these stone burials are Han or Xianbei people who have lived in Pingcheng area for a long time. In addition, the architectural shape of the earth-shaped stone chamber in the tomb has many similarities with the Temple structure of the Northern Wei Dynasty carved in Yungang Grottoes. They all reflect the style and characteristics of the wooden temple architecture in Pingcheng of the Northern Wei Dynasty at that time. This article focuses on the historical reasons for the emergence of this cultural phenomenon, the cultural factors embodied in the stone burial utensils, and their influence on the burial customs of each dynasty after the Northern Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：K878.8
本文編號：2192770
[Abstract]:The stone burials unearthed in Pingcheng of the Northern Wei Dynasty mainly include two kinds of stone chamber and sarcophagus bed. In this paper, the author counts four stone rooms and 13 stone coffin beds. It is a special cultural phenomenon that these stone burials appear in large numbers in Pingcheng of Northern Wei Dynasty. After Pingcheng, the capital of Tuoba Xianbei, a powerful dynasty was established to unify the territory of the northern half of China after the Southern Expedition and Northern War, and the manpower, material and financial resources of the surrounding areas were concentrated in the capital, Pingcheng. It was against this background that the stone burial equipment appeared. While inheriting the culture of Han and Wei in Central Plains, they embody the cultural customs of Tuoba Xianbei nationality. On the basis of the detailed analysis of the engraving form, engraving patterns and using functions of these stone burial utensils, this paper makes a detailed analysis of their historical background, cultural origin, relationship with Yungang Grottoes and the owners of the tombs that use them. It is concluded that the mass appearance of these stone burial utensils is a continuation of the traditional burial customs of the Han and Wei dynasties, and the funeral customs of the Han Dynasty are further developed. The appearance of the tomb room, the stone chamber and the sarcophagus bed, which is very similar to the "bed" in real life, is influenced by this factor to a great extent. In addition, influenced by the original burial customs of Tuoba Xianbei, people chose to carve these burial utensils with stone in order to achieve the eternal purpose. According to the published data, the owners of these stone burials are Han or Xianbei people who have lived in Pingcheng area for a long time. In addition, the architectural shape of the earth-shaped stone chamber in the tomb has many similarities with the Temple structure of the Northern Wei Dynasty carved in Yungang Grottoes. They all reflect the style and characteristics of the wooden temple architecture in Pingcheng of the Northern Wei Dynasty at that time. This article focuses on the historical reasons for the emergence of this cultural phenomenon, the cultural factors embodied in the stone burial utensils, and their influence on the burial customs of each dynasty after the Northern Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：K878.8
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 ;山西大同石家寨北魏司馬金龍墓[J];文物;1972年03期
2 王銀田;劉俊喜;;大同智家堡北魏墓石槨壁畫[J];文物;2001年07期
3 張慶捷;劉俊喜;;北魏宋紹祖墓兩處銘記析[J];文物;2001年07期
，本文編號：2192770
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shekelunwen/kgx/2192770.html
最近更新
教材專著
