本文選題：中國 + 文物�。� 參考：《中國科學技術大學》2010年博士論文

【摘要】： 我國歷史悠久,文明輝煌,勤勞智慧的祖先給我們留下了浩如煙海的文化遺產(chǎn)和文明古跡。然而,在人類的發(fā)展史上,世界上許多國家曾一度因為沒有有效的法律制約等原因而導致本國的文化財產(chǎn)流失境外。尤其是中國這樣的文物大國,由于戰(zhàn)爭劫掠、偷盜走私、非法交易等原因,使我國大量的珍貴文物流失海外。改革開放以來,中國經(jīng)濟迅速增長,人民生活水平日益提高,我國在物質文明建設取得一定成效的基礎上,開始注重精神文明建設。對文化遺產(chǎn)的極力保護,以及對流失海外文物的關注,竭力通過種種渠道促進非法流失海外文物的回歸就是其體現(xiàn)形式之一。 在這種研究背景下,本文選擇對我國文物流失與回歸的相關問題進行系統(tǒng)的研究,在搞清何謂流失文物、何謂回歸文物的基礎上,掌握我國文物非法流失的背景、方式、數(shù)量和分布狀況,然后根據(jù)流失現(xiàn)狀探討不同流失文物的回歸渠道。最后針對國家大力提倡的對非法流失文物堅決進行追索的呼吁,著重探討追索流失文物所涉及的相關法律問題。 論文的具體內容如下： 第一章是緒論,主要對前人的研究現(xiàn)狀進行簡單評述,并介紹本文的研究背景、研究意義、研究思路及擬要解決的問題和研究方法。 第二章是“流失文物”和“回歸文物”的定義,簡述論文中將要涉及到的一些相關概念,并對“流失文物”和“回歸文物”的定義加以界定。 第三章是文物的流失方式與流失現(xiàn)狀,探析當時我國文物流失的歷史必然性,論述鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以來我國文物的流失方式、流失數(shù)量及大致的分布狀況。 第四章是流失文物回歸的相關問題,首先,概述流失文物回歸的幾種渠道以及流失文物返還的國際歷史背景；其次,響應國家大力提倡要求依法追索非法流失海外文物,探析文化財產(chǎn)國際法保護的發(fā)展進程,并對目前追索非法流失文物的法律框架——三個國際公約及其背后的兩個法律理論依據(jù)進行比較評述,指出我國依法追索流失文物所面臨的法律障礙；再次,探討追索流失文物時所遇到的文物市場國的文化沙文主義以及文物國際貿(mào)易機制問題；最后,通過分析幾個國際社會成功追索流失文物的案例,試圖對我國今后的追索工作提出一些建設性的對策,并對今后的追索前景進行展望。 第五章是結語,簡要回顧和總結本文的研究內容,并對今后的研究工作進行前瞻性探討。
[Abstract]:Our country has a long history, brilliant civilization, hardworking and wise ancestors left us a vast cultural heritage and cultural relics. However, in the history of human development, many countries in the world once led to the loss of their cultural property overseas due to the lack of effective legal restrictions. Especially in China, a large number of precious cultural relics have been lost overseas because of war looting, theft, smuggling, illegal trade and so on. Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has grown rapidly and the people's living standards have been improved day by day. On the basis of the achievements made in the construction of material civilization, China has begun to pay attention to the construction of spiritual civilization. The protection of cultural heritage and the concern for the loss of cultural relics abroad are one of the forms of its embodiment. The efforts to promote the return of illegally lost cultural relics abroad through various channels are one of its forms. Under this kind of research background, this article chooses to carry on the systematic research to our country cultural relic wastage and the return related question, on the basis of making clear what is the lost cultural relic, what is the return to the cultural relic, grasps the background, the way of our country cultural relic illegal wastage, Quantity and distribution, and then according to the current situation of loss of cultural relics to explore the return of different channels. Finally, in view of the appeal that the country strongly advocated to pursue the illegally lost cultural relics, the relevant legal problems involved in the recovery of the lost cultural relics are discussed emphatically. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the first chapter is the introduction, which mainly reviews the current research situation of the predecessors, and introduces the research background, research significance, research ideas, problems to be solved and research methods. The second chapter is the definition of "lost cultural relic" and "return to cultural relic", briefly describing some related concepts that will be involved in the paper, and defining the definitions of "lost cultural relic" and "returned cultural relic". The third chapter is the way and the current situation of the loss of cultural relics, analyzes the historical inevitability of the loss of cultural relics in China at that time, and discusses the way, quantity and distribution of the loss of cultural relics in China since the Opium War. Chapter four is related to the return of lost cultural relics. Firstly, it summarizes several channels of returning lost cultural relics and the international historical background of returning lost cultural relics. Secondly, in response to the country's strong advocacy to pursue the illegal loss of overseas cultural relics according to law, This paper probes into the development process of the protection of cultural property in international law, and makes a comparative comment on the legal framework of the three international conventions and the two legal theoretical bases behind them. It points out the legal obstacles that our country faces in pursuing the lost cultural relics according to law. Thirdly, it discusses the cultural chauvinism and the international trade mechanism of the cultural relics market countries encountered in the process of recovering the lost cultural relics. Finally, Through the analysis of several cases of successful recovery of lost cultural relics in the international community, this paper tries to put forward some constructive countermeasures for our country's future recovery work, and looks forward to the prospect of tracing in the future. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, briefly reviews and summarizes the research content, and carries on the prospective discussion to the future research work.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K871

【引證文獻】

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6 李倩;國際流失文化財產(chǎn)返還訴訟問題研究[D];遼寧大學;2013年

7 張凌惠;海外文化財產(chǎn)追索的若干國際私法問題研究[D];廣東外語外貿(mào)大學;2013年

8 貢蕊;海外流失文物追索的法律問題研究[D];河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學;2015年

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本文編號：2098567