本文選題：青銅器碎片 + 二維拼接　； 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于年代久遠(yuǎn)等原因,相當(dāng)多的青銅器出土?xí)r存在破損情況,利用計算機(jī)輔助碎片虛擬拼接是青銅器文物修復(fù)保護(hù)和數(shù)字化處理的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。針對青銅器具有非剛體性,且碎片的結(jié)構(gòu)特征或紋理特征往往不明顯,導(dǎo)致碎片模型匹配困難的問題,本文就青銅器碎片虛擬拼接技術(shù)展開如下研究:(1)提出青銅器碎片分類拼接思路。依據(jù)青銅器薄壁文物碎片的特點將其按照是否具有明顯三維特征以及碎片大小分為二維碎片和三維碎片,并且后續(xù)拼接采用分類拼接方式,即分別在二維平面和三維空間進(jìn)行匹配。(2)提出利用曲率特征虛擬拼接青銅器小碎片的方法。對青銅器小碎片分別進(jìn)行輪廓提取,并在平滑處理提取結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上計算其曲率;以曲率的局部極大值點作候選角點,再根據(jù)支撐域消除圓角點和偽角點;計算相鄰兩角點間的弦長,以弦長作為特征序列進(jìn)行匹配;在平移旋轉(zhuǎn)過程中利用向量模的不變性進(jìn)行匹配精化處理,得到青銅器小碎片的最終拼接結(jié)果。結(jié)果表明該方法能夠有效提高拼接效率和匹配效果。(3)提出結(jié)合主成分分析和快速傅里葉變換進(jìn)行青銅器三維碎片虛擬拼接的方法。將輪廓曲線表示為若干特征曲線段序列,并將每段分別從世界坐標(biāo)系變換到用PCA方法建立的局部坐標(biāo)系下,然后投影到其中的兩個坐標(biāo)平面上;以該兩個坐標(biāo)平面上輪廓投影點的傅里葉級數(shù)和能量值為依據(jù)進(jìn)行粗匹配;將基于粗匹配得到的過渡矩陣將兩個待匹配碎片的輪廓線經(jīng)坐標(biāo)變換后投影到第三個坐標(biāo)平面,通過尋找其最長公共邊進(jìn)行精匹配,從而得到匹配結(jié)果。(4)設(shè)計和開發(fā)了青銅器文物幾何特征尺寸提取系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)操作簡易,能快速地提取青銅器幾何特征量,包括口徑、底徑、高度等,為后續(xù)人工修復(fù)青銅器提供可靠數(shù)據(jù)資料。
[Abstract]:Due to the old age and so on, quite a lot of bronze wares are damaged when unearthed. The use of computer aided virtual splicing is one of the key technologies for the restoration, protection and digital processing of bronze relics. In view of the non-rigid nature of the bronze ware and the fact that the structural or texture features of the fragments are not obvious, it is difficult to match the debris models. In this paper, the virtual splicing technology of bronze fragments is studied as follows: 1) the idea of classifying and stitching bronze fragments is put forward in this paper. According to the characteristics of the thin-walled fragments of bronze ware, the fragments are divided into two dimensional fragments and three dimensional fragments according to whether they have obvious three-dimensional characteristics and the size of fragments, and the subsequent splicing methods are classified and stitched. This paper proposes a method of virtual splicing of small pieces of bronzes using curvature characteristics in two dimensional plane and three dimensional space respectively. The small pieces of bronze ware were extracted from the contours, and their curvature was calculated on the basis of the results of smoothing, the local maximum of curvature was used as the candidate corner point, and the circular corner and pseudo-corner were eliminated according to the support region. The chord length between two adjacent corners is calculated, and the string length is used as the characteristic sequence to match. The final splicing results of small pieces of bronze ware are obtained by using the invariance of vector mode in the process of translation and rotation. The results show that this method can effectively improve the mosaic efficiency and matching effect. (3) A method combining principal component analysis (PCA) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) for virtual splicing of bronze pieces is proposed. The contour curve is expressed as a series of characteristic curve segments, and each segment is transformed from the world coordinate system to the local coordinate system established by PCA method, and then projected to two coordinate planes. Based on the Fourier series and energy values of the contour projection points on the two coordinate planes, the transition matrix based on the rough matching is used to project the contours of the two pieces to the third coordinate plane after coordinate transformation. By searching for the longest common edge for fine matching, the matching result. 4) the size extraction system of the geometric feature of bronze relics is designed and developed. The system is easy to operate and can quickly extract the geometric characteristics of bronze ware, including caliber, bottom diameter, height, etc., which provides reliable data for subsequent artificial restoration of bronze ware.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K876.41;TP391.41

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