本文選題：傳統(tǒng)村落 + 空心化��； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)村空心化問題是城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展差異背景下農(nóng)村地區(qū)人口不斷流向城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村常住人口減少、房屋廢棄、傳統(tǒng)文化消亡的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。它是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、城鎮(zhèn)化水平不斷提高過程中農(nóng)村地區(qū)普遍存在的問題。我國在2011年城鎮(zhèn)化率首次超過50%,根據(jù)發(fā)達(dá)國家的經(jīng)驗(yàn),目前正處于一個(gè)高速城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展的階段,每年有將近一千萬的人口轉(zhuǎn)移到城鎮(zhèn),這意味農(nóng)村空心化問題將會(huì)在相當(dāng)長的時(shí)期內(nèi)凸顯出來。傳統(tǒng)村落的城鄉(xiāng)差異更為顯著,其空心化問題涉及到歷史文化遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)與利用,情況更為特殊。研究傳統(tǒng)村落的空心化問題對(duì)于科學(xué)認(rèn)識(shí)和保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)村落有著至關(guān)重要的意義。本文以湖南省入選《中國傳統(tǒng)村落名錄》的91個(gè)村落的申報(bào)資料和筆者在湘西古丈縣龍鼻村發(fā)放的調(diào)查問卷與入戶訪談的反饋信息為基礎(chǔ),把宏觀整體分析與微觀案例分析、理論分析與實(shí)證分析相結(jié)合,從人口空心化與聚落空心化兩個(gè)角度分析湖南省傳統(tǒng)村落空心化的現(xiàn)狀、產(chǎn)生原因、影響及應(yīng)對(duì)措施。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)從傳統(tǒng)村落人口流動(dòng)的角度看,湖南省大多數(shù)的傳統(tǒng)村落出現(xiàn)了不同程度的空心化現(xiàn)象。其形成原因與傳統(tǒng)村落的歷史背景、自然條件、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)水平等有很大的相關(guān)性。(2)空心化現(xiàn)象對(duì)湖南傳統(tǒng)村落的保護(hù)和發(fā)展造成了相當(dāng)大的影響。集中表現(xiàn)為:本地勞動(dòng)力不足、留守老人和兒童照顧欠缺、建筑用地增加、土地拋荒以及傳統(tǒng)建筑和傳統(tǒng)文化的原真性、整體性、延續(xù)性破壞等問題。(3)治理傳統(tǒng)村落的空心化問題時(shí),必須科學(xué)地認(rèn)識(shí)空心化現(xiàn)象的普遍性和規(guī)律性以及傳統(tǒng)村落的特殊性,從人口空心化和聚落空心化兩個(gè)方面思考防控治理措施。對(duì)于人口空心化治理,應(yīng)采取發(fā)展村落特色經(jīng)濟(jì)、實(shí)現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化等措施,逐步縮小城鄉(xiāng)間的差距、提高村落對(duì)本地居民的吸引力;對(duì)于聚落空心化治理,通過加強(qiáng)傳統(tǒng)村落宅基地管理、改善傳統(tǒng)村落基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、修繕改造傳統(tǒng)民居、設(shè)立傳統(tǒng)村落專項(xiàng)保護(hù)資金等措施,可緩和甚至解決空心化所造成的村落空間格局形態(tài)破壞和村落歷史建筑廢棄等問題。
[Abstract]:The problem of rural hollowness is a social phenomenon in which the population in rural areas continues to flow to urban areas under the background of the difference between urban and rural development, which leads to the decrease of permanent population in rural areas, the abandonment of houses and the disappearance of traditional culture. It is a common problem in rural areas in the process of economic development and urbanization. China's urbanization rate exceeded 50% for the first time in 2011. According to the experience of developed countries, it is now at a stage of rapid urbanization, with nearly 10 million people moving to cities and towns every year. This means that the problem of rural hollowing will be highlighted for a long time. The difference between urban and rural areas of traditional villages is more significant, and the hollowing problem involves the protection and utilization of historical and cultural heritage, and the situation is more special. It is of great significance to study the hollowing of traditional villages for the scientific understanding and protection of traditional villages. Based on the information of 91 villages selected from Hunan Province and the questionnaire and feedback information from the household interviews in Longbi Village, Guzhang County, Western Hunan Province, this paper makes a macro analysis and a microcosmic case study. Combining theoretical analysis with empirical analysis, this paper analyzes the present situation, causes, effects and countermeasures of traditional village hollowing in Hunan Province from the two angles of population hollowing and settlement hollowing. From the point of view of population mobility in traditional villages, most of the traditional villages in Hunan Province appear different degree of hollowness. The causes of its formation are closely related to the historical background, natural conditions and social and economic level of traditional villages. The phenomenon of hollowness has a great impact on the protection and development of traditional villages in Hunan. The main manifestations are: the shortage of local labour force, the lack of care for the elderly and children left behind, the increase in land use, the abandonment of land and the authenticity and integrity of traditional buildings and traditional cultures. In dealing with the hollowing problem of traditional villages, we must scientifically understand the universality and regularity of hollowing phenomenon and the particularity of traditional villages. The measures of prevention and control should be considered from the two aspects of population hollowing and settlement hollowing. To deal with population hollowing, we should take measures such as developing characteristic economy of villages, realizing equalization of basic public services, gradually narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, improving the attraction of villages to local residents, and improving the governance of settlement emptiness. Through strengthening the management of traditional villages' homestead, improving the infrastructure of traditional villages, renovating and renovating traditional houses, setting up special funds for the protection of traditional villages, and so on, It can alleviate or even solve the problems caused by hollowness, such as the destruction of village spatial pattern and the abandonment of village historical buildings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：K878

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本文編號(hào)：1846138