本文選題：犍陀羅 + 帕提亞　； 參考：《文物》2017年10期

【摘要】：焚香之俗起源于近東,世界上最早的香爐實(shí)例發(fā)現(xiàn)于公元前6世紀(jì)呂底亞寶藏,這一習(xí)俗后為古波斯和帕提亞王公貴族傳承。約公元前1世紀(jì),中亞犍陀羅佛寺引入帕提亞手爐,三足盤式,手柄接在口沿處。5世紀(jì),犍陀羅手爐傳入中國(guó)西北地區(qū),如新疆克孜爾石窟、甘肅炳靈寺石窟壁畫所繪手爐。阿旃陀石窟造像可見(jiàn)6世紀(jì)前期印度手爐,手柄接在爐底,與犍陀羅手爐不同,其亦沿絲綢之路傳入北魏平城,見(jiàn)于山西云岡石窟造像。犍陀羅手爐傳入不久,便開(kāi)始了中國(guó)化進(jìn)程,一個(gè)突出實(shí)例即北魏平城時(shí)代無(wú)底座鵲尾爐,手柄鉚入香斗內(nèi)壁。北魏洛陽(yáng)時(shí)代始見(jiàn)蓮花片底座鵲尾爐,香斗為折沿式。北魏鵲尾爐不僅傳入朝鮮半島和日本,并且影響到隋唐時(shí)代鵲尾爐的樣式。
[Abstract]:The custom of burning incense originated in the near East, and the earliest examples of incense furnaces in the world were discovered in the 6th century B.C. the treasure of Lydia was inherited by the aristocrats of ancient Persia and the Lord of Parthia.In the 1st century B.C., the Padraya hand stove was introduced into Gandhara Buddha Temple in Central Asia, with a three-legged plate and a handle attached to the mouth edge. In the 5th century, Gandara hand stove was introduced into northwest China, such as the Kizil Grottoes in Xinjiang and the hand furnaces painted in the frescoes of Bingling Temple Grottoes in Gansu Province.The statue of Ajanta Grottoes can be seen in the early 6th century, the handle is connected to the bottom of the furnace, unlike Gandhara hand stove, it was also introduced along the Silk Road to Pingcheng City of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which was seen in Yungang Grottoes, Shanxi Province.Not long after Gandhara hand furnace was introduced into China, the process of Sinicization began. A prominent example was that there was no pedestal magpie tail furnace in Pingcheng period of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the handle was riveted into the inner wall of the Xiang Dou.The Northern Wei Dynasty Luoyang era before see lotus piece base magpie tail furnace, Xiang Dou for the fold type.North Wei magpie tail furnace was not only introduced into Korea Peninsula and Japan, but also affected the style of magpie tail furnace in Sui and Tang dynasties.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)中國(guó)考古學(xué)研究中心;北京大學(xué)考古文博學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究基地重大項(xiàng)目“絲綢之路天山廊道文物古跡調(diào)查”(項(xiàng)目批準(zhǔn)號(hào):15JJD780001)的資助
【分類號(hào)】：K86

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