本文選題：宋家墓地 + 青銅器��； 參考：《南方文物》2017年02期

【摘要】：孔頭溝遺址宋家墓地是周原地區(qū)西周時(shí)期一處重要的非姬姓貴族墓葬。本研究對(duì)宋家墓地出土的56件銅器進(jìn)行了金相分析,并對(duì)其中34件進(jìn)行了電子探針波譜分析。分析結(jié)果顯示,宋家墓地青銅器全部為錫青銅或鉛錫青銅,其中錫青銅比例較大,而器物鉛含量整體偏低。本次分析的銅器中有兩件經(jīng)過(guò)表面鍍錫,多件薄壁器物為熱鍛成型。熱鍛器物鉛含量水平整體低于鑄造器物,其基體中夾雜物含量較少,鐵、硫含量低于鑄造器物及孔頭溝鑄銅遺址銅塊。這一現(xiàn)象顯示制作這些銅器的原料可能經(jīng)過(guò)有意識(shí)地火法精煉,并在配置合金時(shí)不引入鉛,以使材料更加適宜鍛打�？傮w看來(lái),宋家墓地銅器的多項(xiàng)工藝與材質(zhì)特征都顯示其青銅制作技術(shù)體系較為獨(dú)特,可能與其他西周時(shí)期銅器群存在一定差異,需要進(jìn)一步結(jié)合墓葬的考古學(xué)文化背景進(jìn)行研究。
[Abstract]:Kongtougou site Song family cemetery is an important nobleman grave in Zhou Yuan area during the Western Zhou Dynasty.In this study, 56 bronze vessels unearthed in Song Dynasty cemetery were analyzed by metallography, and 34 of them were analyzed by electron probe spectroscopy.The results show that all bronze wares in Song Dynasty cemetery are tin bronze or lead tin bronze, among which the proportion of tin bronze is larger, and the lead content of the utensils is on the low side.Two of the copper vessels are tin plated, and many thin-wall objects are hot-forging.The content of lead in hot forging is lower than that in casting, the content of inclusions in matrix is less, the content of iron and sulfur is lower than that of casting and the copper block of cast-copper site in Kongtougou.This phenomenon indicates that the raw materials for making these copper vessels may have been deliberately refined by pyrolysis and that lead is not introduced in the alloying to make the materials more suitable for forging.As a whole, the characteristics of various techniques and materials of bronze ware in Song Dynasty cemetery show that its bronze making technology system is quite unique, which may be different from other bronze ware groups in the Western Zhou Dynasty.It is necessary to further study the archaeological cultural background of tombs.
【作者單位】： 北京科技大學(xué)科技史與文化遺產(chǎn)研究院;北京大學(xué)中國(guó)考古學(xué)研究中心;陜西省考古研究院;
【基金】：國(guó)家文物局文物保護(hù)科技優(yōu)秀青年研究計(jì)劃“田野考古與文物保護(hù)信息采集與定量處理技術(shù)研究”(No.2014226) 中國(guó)博士后基金“唐宋白銀生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的冶金考古研究(NO.2016M591065)的資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K876.41
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本文編號(hào)：1752300