本文選題：秦漢 + 兵器��； 參考：《西北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：兵器是武裝力量的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)，兵器管理歷來(lái)為統(tǒng)治者所重視。隨著近代考古發(fā)掘的不斷深入，居延、敦煌、尹灣等地大批秦漢簡(jiǎn)牘相繼出土，對(duì)研究秦漢軍事管理制度包括兵器管理有重要的參考價(jià)值。 秦漢時(shí)期，隨著冶鐵技術(shù)，兵器制造技術(shù)和生產(chǎn)制度的進(jìn)一步完善發(fā)展，鐵兵器的批量生產(chǎn)成為可能。兵器生產(chǎn)中物勒工名和考功制度得到普遍實(shí)施，體現(xiàn)了從源頭上對(duì)兵器質(zhì)量的嚴(yán)格要求。嚴(yán)格的生產(chǎn)制度，規(guī)范的兵器規(guī)格，普遍的刻辭制度保證了兵器的質(zhì)量與產(chǎn)量，為秦漢大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的進(jìn)行奠定了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。 統(tǒng)治者為了維護(hù)專制中央集權(quán)國(guó)家的鞏固和發(fā)展，便于隨時(shí)調(diào)兵遣將，打擊異族入侵，防范諸侯王異動(dòng)，從帝都到邊郡、內(nèi)郡、甚至重要的縣治，邊塞烽隧以及軍營(yíng)等，遍布全國(guó)各地，均設(shè)置兵器存放的專門(mén)處所。這是鞏固統(tǒng)一、反對(duì)分裂的需要，是維護(hù)中央集權(quán)、確保安定統(tǒng)一的需要。 尹灣漢簡(jiǎn)《武庫(kù)永始四年兵車(chē)器集簿》所載兵車(chē)器種類眾多、數(shù)量龐大，它所反映的武庫(kù)可能是原設(shè)在楚國(guó)的地方的庫(kù)，鎮(zhèn)壓“七國(guó)之亂”后收歸中央，成為西漢政府設(shè)在東方的直屬中央的國(guó)家大武庫(kù)之一。 秦漢兵器的監(jiān)造機(jī)構(gòu)是多系統(tǒng)多部門(mén)的，兵器存儲(chǔ)機(jī)構(gòu)職官系統(tǒng)健全，對(duì)武庫(kù)令等長(zhǎng)官的任命慎重。兵器的管理經(jīng)費(fèi)由大司農(nóng)提供。作為收藏貯存兵器之所的武庫(kù)和庫(kù)，，也有監(jiān)制、修繕兵器的職能，由于兵器庫(kù)保密和管理嚴(yán)格的特性，也因此成了存放累代異寶之處。 為加強(qiáng)對(duì)兵器的管理，維護(hù)專制主義中央集權(quán)統(tǒng)治，秦漢統(tǒng)治者采取了一系列措施：建立了具體規(guī)范的兵簿檔案，嚴(yán)格兵簿登記制度，定期檢查上報(bào)，不定期巡視檢校等；嚴(yán)格兵器的保管和發(fā)放使用，并做好折傷兵器的修繕工作。 秦漢對(duì)兵器的有效管理和嚴(yán)格掌控對(duì)維護(hù)當(dāng)時(shí)的政治統(tǒng)治確實(shí)發(fā)揮了應(yīng)有的作用。
[Abstract]:The weapon is the material foundation of the armed forces, weapon management has been for its great. With the development of modern archaeological deepening, Ju Yan, Dunhuang, Yin Wan and other places a large number of studies have unearthed bamboo slips of Qin and Han Dynasty, Qin and Han Dynasties military management system including weapon management has important reference value.
Qin and Han Dynasties, with the iron smelting technology, to further improve the development of weapons manufacturing technology and production system, iron weapons mass production possible. The production of weapons in carving and test power system has been widely implemented, reflected from the source strict requirements for weapon quality. The strict production system, weapons specifications, general the inscriptions system to ensure the quality and yield of the weapon, has laid the foundation for large-scale war in Qin and Han Dynasties.
The rulers in order to maintain and consolidate and develop the centralization of the country, and is convenient for calls, against alien invasion, prevent leuds changes, from the Empire to the border counties, in the county, and even an important frontier County, tunnel Fung and barracks and other special places across the country, are provided for placing soldiers. This is to consolidate the unity. To oppose separatism, safeguard the centralization of power, need to ensure stability and unity.
Yinwan Han Dynasty "arsenal four years before the permanent carriers is set book > contained for many types of carriers, a huge number, it reflects the arsenal is located in the original place of the Chu state library, the suppression of" seven rebellion "after the centralization, become one of the countries located directly under the central government of the Han Dynasty Arsenal the East.
Qin and Han Dynasties weapon supervision agency is a multi sectoral and multi system, weapons storage mechanism official system perfect, to make such appointment of executive Arsenal carefully. The management of weapons funding provided by the Dasinong. As a collection of storage weapons arsenal and library, also producer, repair weapons functions, because Arsenal security and management the characteristics, thus became the age-old treasure. Store
In order to strengthen the management of weapons, maintaining the autocratic centralization rule, the rulers of Qin Han Dynasty took a series of measures: to establish the specific norms of soldiers book files, strict registration system will regularly check the book, not reporting, regular inspection calibration; strict weapons storage and delivery, and make the broken weapon repair work.
The effective management and strict control of the weapons of the Qin and Han Dynasties did play a proper role in maintaining the political rule at that time.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：K875.8

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