發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-19 04:25

  本文選題：陳莊遺址　切入點(diǎn)：植物考古　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 通過(guò)對(duì)陳莊遺址出土炭化植物遺存的分析,本文初步探討了聚落農(nóng)業(yè)及相關(guān)問(wèn)題。 農(nóng)作物是居民植物性食物的主要來(lái)源,包括粟、黍、小麥、大豆和水稻,這種多種農(nóng)作物的種植制度其意義不僅在于可以提高農(nóng)業(yè)的總體產(chǎn)量,而且還在于能夠減少糧食種植的危險(xiǎn)系數(shù),是農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展水平的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)志。從農(nóng)作物的出土數(shù)量和出土概率看,陳莊聚落在西周時(shí)期發(fā)展了典型的旱作農(nóng)業(yè),因?yàn)樗凇⑹�、小麥和大豆等旱地作物在農(nóng)作物中占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì),而且目前無(wú)法確定少量的稻屬于旱種還是水種。在早地作物中,粟和黍出土數(shù)量和出土概率最高,但如果考慮不同類型農(nóng)作物的千粒重和丟落并保存在遺址中可能性的差異,四種作物的產(chǎn)量和在農(nóng)業(yè)中的地位可能比較接近,或者粟的地位稍高。 動(dòng)、植物遺存的綜合分析顯示,采集、漁獵活動(dòng)可能是農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的補(bǔ)充。在出土農(nóng)作物遺存的多數(shù)遺跡單位中都發(fā)現(xiàn)了蚌殼和陸生動(dòng)物骨骼,葡萄屬等可食植物雖然數(shù)量不多,但每個(gè)時(shí)期都有發(fā)現(xiàn)。 植物遺存分析結(jié)果還揭示了西周早期到晚期農(nóng)業(yè)等人類活動(dòng)的變化情況,這種變化與考古發(fā)掘揭示的聚落功能和地位的變化存在某種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,顯示了植物考古研究在全面認(rèn)識(shí)聚落社會(huì)生活方面的重要性。陳莊聚落西周中期偏晚階段的灰坑等打破了早期的城墻,可能表明聚落的功能和政治地位發(fā)生了變遷,而這種變遷可能直接影響了聚落農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),因?yàn)橹参镞z存分析結(jié)果顯示,西周中期偏早階段不僅農(nóng)作物種類減少,而且農(nóng)田雜草的數(shù)量和出土概率明顯升高,而中期偏晚階段,可能是動(dòng)蕩之后的穩(wěn)定時(shí)期,農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展達(dá)到了該聚落的頂峰,農(nóng)作物的種類增多,出土數(shù)量和出土概率都明顯高于非農(nóng)作物,農(nóng)田雜草的減少,可能暗示農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)特別是中耕除草技術(shù)的發(fā)展。。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of charred plant remains unearthed in Chenzhuang site, this paper preliminarily discusses settlement agriculture and related problems. Crops are the main source of plant food for the population, including millet, millet, wheat, soybeans and rice. Moreover, it is an important symbol of the level of agricultural development that it can reduce the risk coefficient of grain planting. Judging from the unearthed quantity and unearthed probability of crops, Chen Zhuang's settlement developed a typical dry farming agriculture during the Western Zhou Dynasty, because of millet and millet. Dryland crops, such as wheat and soybean, are dominant in crops, and it is impossible to determine whether a small number of rice is dry or water. Among the early crops, millet and millet unearthed the highest number and unearthed probability. But if we take into account the difference of 1000 grain weight and loss of different types of crops and the possibility of preserving them in the site, the yield of the four crops may be close to their position in agriculture, or the position of millet may be slightly higher. A comprehensive analysis of the remains of animals and plants shows that collecting, fishing and hunting activities may be complementary to the agricultural economy. In most of the remnant units of unearthed crops, clam shells and terrestrial animal bones have been found. Although the number of edible plants such as the genus Grape is small, they are found in every period. The results of plant remains analysis also revealed the changes of human activities, such as agriculture from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the late Western Zhou Dynasty, which had a corresponding relationship with the changes in settlement function and status revealed by archaeological excavations. This shows the importance of plant archaeological research in understanding the social life of settlements. The ash pits in the late Western Zhou period of Chenzhuang settlement broke down the early city walls, which may indicate that the functions and political status of settlements have changed. This change may have a direct impact on settlement agricultural production, because the analysis of plant remains shows that not only the species of crops decreased, but also the number of weeds and the probability of unearthed in the middle stage of the Western Zhou Dynasty increased obviously, while in the middle stage of the late stage, the number of weeds and the probability of unearthing were obviously increased. It may be a stable period after the turbulence. The agricultural development has reached the peak of the settlement, the number of crops has increased, the unearthed number and unearthed probability are obviously higher than those of the non-crops, and the weeds in the farmland have decreased. This may imply the development of agricultural production, especially intercropping and weeding techniques.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K872

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 吳文婉;靳桂云;王海玉;王傳明;;黃河中下游幾處遺址大豆屬(Glycine)遺存的初步研究[J];中國(guó)農(nóng)史;2013年02期

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本文編號(hào)：1632832