本文選題：新石器時(shí)代　切入點(diǎn)：陶衣　出處：《華夏考古》2017年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：本研究利用EDXRF、EPMA和Raman光譜等技術(shù)對新石器時(shí)代中晚期黃河流域案板遺址、西坡遺址、陶寺遺址、瓦店遺址、桐林遺址和二里頭遺址出土的陶衣涂層進(jìn)行組成結(jié)構(gòu)分析,研究陶衣的原料特征和制作工藝,并將不同時(shí)期不同類型的陶衣進(jìn)行綜合對比分析,為探討陶衣技術(shù)的傳承與發(fā)展以及與釉的起源關(guān)系提供依據(jù)。結(jié)果表明,案板遺址發(fā)現(xiàn)的青色光亮涂層中含有較多量的鉀(約14%)和磷,這與植物燃燒后的草木灰中含有高含量的鉀和磷相似。西坡遺址除了彩陶上具有兩種類型的白色陶衣,還發(fā)現(xiàn)部分紅陶上存在深紅色陶衣,鐵含量10%,原料為赭石。陶寺、瓦店和桐林遺址都發(fā)現(xiàn)了黑色陶衣,原料特點(diǎn)相似,鋁含量(20%)都明顯較高。二里頭遺址原始瓷釉釉層厚度超過100μm,并且連續(xù)覆蓋于表面。這些陶衣涂層中熔劑氧化物R_XO_Y的總含量有高有低,按時(shí)間序列仰韶文化、龍山文化、二里頭文化遞進(jìn)而未表現(xiàn)出規(guī)律性的增長趨勢。新石器時(shí)代的陶衣涂層由于燒成溫度較低以及胎體易熔的特性,達(dá)不到在高溫不變形的器物表面呈現(xiàn)玻璃狀釉層的效果,但是陶衣工藝長期積累的技術(shù)形式應(yīng)該為早期釉的出現(xiàn)提供了重要的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In this study, the composition and structure of earthenware coating unearthed in the middle and late Neolithic Yellow River Basin, Xipo, Taosi, Wadian, Tonglin and Erlitou sites were analyzed by EDXRF EPMA and Raman spectroscopy. This paper studies the raw material characteristics and manufacture technology of ceramic clothing, and makes a comprehensive comparative analysis of different types of ceramic clothing in different periods, which provides a basis for discussing the inheritance and development of ceramic clothing technology and its relationship with the origin of glaze. The blue and bright coating found at the site contains a large amount of potassium (about 14 percent) and phosphorus, similar to the high content of potassium and phosphorus in plant ash after burning. Xipo site has two types of white pottery except for painted pottery. It was also found that some of the red pottery had crimson pottery clothing, iron content was 10 percent, and the raw material was ochre. The black pottery clothes were found in Taosi, Wadian and Tonglin sites, and the characteristics of the raw materials were similar. The thickness of the original glaze glaze at Erlitou site is more than 100 渭 m, and it is continuously covered on the surface. The total content of flux oxide RXOY in these ceramic coatings is high and low. According to the time series, Yangshao culture, Longshan culture, Due to the low sintering temperature and the fusibility of the matrix, the ceramic coating in the Neolithic age could not achieve the effect of glass glaze layer on the surface of the object that is not deformed at high temperature. However, the long-term accumulation of ceramic coating technology should provide an important technical basis for the emergence of early glaze.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院上海硅酸鹽河南研究所古陶瓷科學(xué)研究國家文物局重點(diǎn)科研基地;河南省文物考古研究院;中國社會科學(xué)院考古研究所;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(51602333、51232008) 國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2013BAK08B03) 中華之源與嵩山文明研究會重大委托課題——嵩山地區(qū)文明化進(jìn)程與華夏文明形成階段性成果
【分類號】：K876.3

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