本文關鍵詞： 萬國公墓 私營 公辦 喪葬文化　出處：《華東師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文以對檔案和報刊資料的整理為基礎,以萬國公墓管理主體的演變?yōu)榫€索,詳述萬國公墓的變遷過程和經營發(fā)展脈絡,在此基礎上,從墓地形制、喪葬觀念、儀式、習俗等多個角度論析近代上海喪葬文化的變革特征。1914年,萬國公墓作為中國第一家近代公墓出現(xiàn)在上海,由地產商經潤山私人創(chuàng)辦并經營。20世紀30年代以后,市政府收管萬國公墓,完成了公墓由私營到市辦的轉換。在幾十年的發(fā)展歷程中,萬國公墓從滬上公墓的典范逐漸轉為市屬公墓中的普通一員,見證了近代上海的滄桑變遷。萬國公墓的出現(xiàn),為國人認識和接納近代公墓形制起著重要的作用。萬國公墓從建立到發(fā)展的過程,其實也是近代公墓形制從草創(chuàng)到不斷完善的過程；它由個人經營到收歸市辦的歷程,更是國家將公墓管理制度化和規(guī)范化的過程。萬國公墓的入葬者及其喪事的籌辦,在一定程度上體現(xiàn)出近代喪葬領域變革的特點,包括國人對新式葬地、喪儀、喪俗的逐漸認識與接納,中國傳統(tǒng)習俗與西方喪葬形式的交叉與共生,以及喪葬業(yè)在中國的商業(yè)化與專業(yè)化過程。萬國公墓在上海的滄桑變遷,從不同側面展現(xiàn)出近代中國喪葬文化演變的細節(jié)和特點。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the archives and newspapers data, based on the evolution of Wanguo cemetery management main body as the clue, evolution and development of business in detail on the basis of Wanguo cemetery, cemetery, from the shape, funeral idea, ceremony, customs and other aspects of modern Shanghai funeral culture change characteristics of.1914, the as the first modern Chinese cemetery cemetery in Shanghai, the real estate business runshan private establishment and operation of the.20 century after 30s, the municipal government closed tube nations cemetery, the cemetery by the private office to conversion. In the decades of development, from the example of Shanghai Wanguo cemetery cemetery gradually turned into an ordinary member of the municipal in the cemetery, witnessed the vicissitudes of modern Shanghai. All nations cemetery, and plays an important role in modern Chinese acceptance form as the cemetery. All nations cemetery from the establishment to the development. In fact, is also a modern cemetery construction process from formation to continuous improvement; it consists of personal business to the city's history is reverted, the state will process the cemetery management institutionalized and standardized. For the burial of Wanguo cemetery funeral, funeral reform reflects the characteristics of modern field in a certain extent. Including people on the new burial, funeral, funeral customs gradually understanding and acceptance, cross and symbiosis of traditional customs and Western Chinese funeral form, and funeral industry commercialization and specialization process in China. Wanguo cemetery in Shanghai the vicissitudes of change, showing the details and the characteristics of modern funeral culture evolution from China the different side.

【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K878.8

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本文編號：1491691