本文的研究宗旨是探究托克維爾社會(huì)政治思想和他在《論美國(guó)的民主》中比較方法的使用之間的關(guān)系,從而證明比較方法之于托克維爾民主理論的重要性。作者希望通過研究托克維爾所使用的比較策略以及使用這些比較策略的原因及產(chǎn)生的效果對(duì)托克維爾的作品實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)一步的理解。托克維爾的社會(huì)政治思想的核心在于他對(duì)自由的至高價(jià)值的認(rèn)知,他的民主理論最顯著的特征是思想的中立性,即一種平衡、靈活又謹(jǐn)慎的民主觀。本文認(rèn)為比較方法對(duì)于托克維爾的中立性思想至關(guān)重要,因?yàn)橥锌司S爾通過比較得以從各種不同的角度來看待現(xiàn)代民主。托克維爾的比較貫穿整個(gè)作品的各個(gè)層次,比較策略復(fù)雜多變;本文將其歸結(jié)為兩種類型:時(shí)間比較和空間比較。時(shí)間比較,即專制制度和現(xiàn)代民主之間的比較使他認(rèn)識(shí)到現(xiàn)代民主所面臨的挑戰(zhàn);空間比較,即各個(gè)國(guó)家之間的比較,尤其是美法兩國(guó)之間,使他認(rèn)識(shí)到建立在民情、傳統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)之上的民主的優(yōu)越性,并看清通過革命手段實(shí)現(xiàn)民主的弊端所在。托克維爾通過這兩種比較策略主要對(duì)兩組研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行了比較,微觀政治體制和民情。托克維爾的比較還存在一些問題,如時(shí)間與空間比較的含混以及概念的模糊;然而,盡管存在這些問題,他仍然不失為一位社會(huì)政治科學(xué)的比較大... 

【文章來源】：西安外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)陜西省

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：65 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Tocqueville Research in Western Countries and China
        1.1.1 Tocqueville Research in Western Countries
        1.1.2 Tocqueville Research in China
    1.2 The Comparative Method in Social and Political Research
    1.3 Purpose of the Thesis
    1.4 Structure of the Thesis
CHAPTER II LIFE AND WORK OF TOCQUEVILLE
    2.1 Life of Alexis de Tocqueville
    2.2 Tocqueville’s Political Thoughts in Democracy in America
        2.2.1 Freedom in Tocqueville’s Thoughts
        2.2.2 Democracy in Tocqueville’s Thoughts
        2.2.3 Relationship between Freedom and Democracy
        2.2.4 Eclecticism in Tocqueville’s Thoughts
CHAPTER III COMPARATIVE METHOD IN DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA
    3.1 Tocqueville’s Application of the Comparative Method
    3.2 Strategies of Comparison
        3.2.1 Strategy of Spatial Comparison
        3.2.2 Strategy of Time Comparison
CHAPTER IV COMPARISONS ON INTERMEDIATE LEVEL POLITICAL AUTHORITIES
    4.1 Comparison on Local Authorities Between France and America
        4.1.1 Differences in Form and Principles of Local authorities
        4.1.2 Differences in People’s Attitude Towards Public Affairs
    4.2 Comparison on the Liberty of the Press Between France and America
        4.2.1 Centralization in France and Dispersion in America
        4.2.2 The Effects of the Differences
    4.3 Comparison on the Right of Association
        4.3.1 Differences Between Association in Democracy and Aristocracy
        4.3.2 Differences Between Association in France and America
CHAPTER V COMPARISONS ON SOCIAL VALUES AND MANNERS
    5.1 Comparison on Attitude Toward Self-interest and Manners to Other Social Groups
    5.2 Comparison on the Taste for Physical Well-being and Industry
    5.3 Comparison on Art and Literature
    5.4 Comparison on Religion
        5.4.1 Differences in Relationship Between Religion and Politics
        5.4.2 Differences in Religious Opinions on the Goods of This World
        5.4.3 The Effects of the Differences
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION
NOTES
WORKS CITED


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]托克維爾論民主、自由和宗教[J]. 王小章.  浙江大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 2002(04)

碩士論文
[1]自由人的生存世界：走向自主治理[D]. 高小瑩.吉林大學(xué) 2007
[2]托克維爾的民主理論及其當(dāng)代價(jià)值[D]. 蔣舟俊.東南大學(xué) 2005



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