本文選題：印度 + 城市化��； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市化是人類(lèi)社會(huì)進(jìn)步的標(biāo)志之一。自工業(yè)革命以來(lái),人類(lèi)社會(huì)真正意義上步入了城市化發(fā)展的道路,至今已有兩百多年的歷史。獨(dú)立以來(lái),印度逐漸建立起了完整的工業(yè)體系,工業(yè)得到了很大的發(fā)展,城市化也取得了一定的成就。但是相對(duì)于世界城市化的進(jìn)程,印度城市化的發(fā)展還是相當(dāng)緩慢的。而且在這個(gè)過(guò)程當(dāng)中,出現(xiàn)了許多問(wèn)題。城市化使印度本來(lái)就存在的地區(qū)差距進(jìn)一步加劇；城市化進(jìn)程中,人口流動(dòng)的加劇,不可避免產(chǎn)生沖突。印度是個(gè)多民族多宗教的國(guó)家,原本存在的民族矛盾,在城市化的過(guò)程當(dāng)中更加凸顯。這其中有歷史遺留下來(lái)的問(wèn)題,也有宗教之間的沖突。而城市化進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)了人們?cè)谡巍⒔?jīng)濟(jì)、文化教育等權(quán)力意識(shí)上的覺(jué)醒,使印度各民族之間的利益糾紛更加明顯,在經(jīng)濟(jì)、就業(yè)以及其他方面的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加強(qiáng)烈,而且由于政府決策的偏差和政黨之間利益的之爭(zhēng),使印度的民族沖突顯得更加頻繁和復(fù)雜,造成印度社會(huì)的動(dòng)蕩,阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。在這個(gè)過(guò)程當(dāng)中,印度政府也在不斷地尋求解決途徑,通過(guò)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)緩解地區(qū)和城鄉(xiāng)之間的不平衡、促進(jìn)就業(yè)、堅(jiān)持走世俗主義道路以及加強(qiáng)政治對(duì)話(huà)調(diào)解等方式,以期處理好城市化發(fā)展與民族沖突之間的平衡。 全文總共由七個(gè)部分組成： 前言部分主要敘述了選題的緣由及意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究狀況、寫(xiě)作的理論依據(jù)和研究方法及創(chuàng)新之處、論文的重難點(diǎn)和研究思路。 第一部分主要論述了印度城市化的發(fā)展過(guò)程和當(dāng)代印度城市化發(fā)展的動(dòng)因、特點(diǎn)和出現(xiàn)的一些主要問(wèn)題。 第二部分主要概述了印度的民族狀況、特點(diǎn),以及城市化給印度原有的民族格局帶來(lái)的變化。 第三部分論述了印度城市化進(jìn)程中民族沖突的幾種表現(xiàn)形式,主要是發(fā)展不平衡帶來(lái)的民族沖突、人口流動(dòng)、移民引起的民族沖突以及宗教文化的差異導(dǎo)致的民族沖突。 第四部分分析了印度城市化進(jìn)程中民族沖突的主要原因,主要有歷史遺留問(wèn)題因素、政府決策偏差因素、政黨競(jìng)爭(zhēng)因素、民族利益糾紛以及文化差異因素等。 第五部分闡述了印度政府的應(yīng)對(duì)措施,主要是依靠發(fā)展的手段進(jìn)行解決,大力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),解決區(qū)域、城鄉(xiāng)之間的不平衡以及促進(jìn)就業(yè),堅(jiān)持走世俗主義道路,改善弱勢(shì)群體的生活狀況等。結(jié)語(yǔ)部分闡明了文章的主要觀點(diǎn),對(duì)本文進(jìn)行總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is one of the signs of the progress of human society. Since the Industrial Revolution, human society has entered the road of urbanization in real sense, and has a history of more than 200 years. Since independence, India has gradually established a complete industrial system, industry has been a great development, urbanization has also made certain achievements. However, compared with the process of urbanization in the world, the development of urbanization in India is quite slow. And in the process, there are many problems. Urbanization has further aggravated the existing regional disparity in India, and in the process of urbanization, conflicts inevitably arise due to the intensification of population mobility. India is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious country, the original ethnic contradictions, in the process of urbanization is even more prominent. There are problems left over from history, as well as conflicts between religions. However, urbanization has further promoted the awakening of people's consciousness of power in politics, economy, culture and education. It has made the disputes of interests among various ethnic groups in India more obvious, and the competition in economy, employment and other fields has become more intense. Moreover, because of the deviation of government decision and the conflict of interests between political parties, the ethnic conflicts in India appear more frequent and complicated, resulting in social unrest in India and hindering the development of economy. In the course of this process, the Indian government is also constantly seeking ways to solve the problem by developing the economy to alleviate the imbalance between regions and urban and rural areas, to promote employment, to adhere to the secularism path, and to strengthen political dialogue and mediation. In order to deal with the balance between urbanization development and ethnic conflict. The full text consists of seven parts: The preface mainly describes the reason and significance of the topic, the research situation at home and abroad, the theoretical basis, research methods and innovations of the writing, the important difficulties and research ideas of the paper. The first part mainly discusses the development process of India's urbanization and the causes, characteristics and some main problems of contemporary India's urbanization development. The second part mainly summarizes the national situation and characteristics of India, as well as the changes brought by urbanization to the original national structure of India. The third part discusses several forms of ethnic conflicts in the process of urbanization in India, mainly ethnic conflicts caused by unbalanced development, population mobility, ethnic conflicts caused by immigration and ethnic conflicts caused by religious and cultural differences. The fourth part analyzes the main causes of the ethnic conflict in the process of urbanization in India, including historical factors, government decision deviation factors, political party competition factors, national interest disputes and cultural differences. The fifth part elaborated the Indian government's countermeasure, mainly depends on the development means to carry on the solution, vigorously develops the economy, solves the region, the urban and rural imbalance and promotes the employment, adheres to the secularism road. To improve the living conditions of vulnerable groups, etc. The conclusion clarifies the main points of the article and summarizes this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D735.1

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