污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與有效性及參與機(jī)制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-23 19:30
【摘要】：隨著人類城鎮(zhèn)化率和城鎮(zhèn)人口規(guī)模的不斷增加,需要越來(lái)越多的公共服務(wù)設(shè)施以滿足城鎮(zhèn)居民的需要。然而,其中一些公共設(shè)施具有一定的污染特性(如垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠),會(huì)對(duì)附近居民的利益造成損害,這種具有服務(wù)全社會(huì)居民生活需要的功能,但對(duì)設(shè)施附近居民有直接的污染威脅,需要附近居民額外承擔(dān)其他區(qū)域居民所不必承擔(dān)的負(fù)外部性成本,因而遭到設(shè)施附近居民強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)的公共設(shè)施即為污染型鄰避設(shè)施。而在污染型鄰避設(shè)施項(xiàng)目的規(guī)劃建設(shè)中引入公眾參與機(jī)制,不僅可以維護(hù)項(xiàng)目附近居民的自身利益,而且還可以提高項(xiàng)目規(guī)劃的科學(xué)性及其決策的合理性。因此,如何科學(xué)、準(zhǔn)確地評(píng)價(jià)污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與的有效性,以及如何有針對(duì)性地提出污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)的對(duì)策建議,提高公眾參與的有效性,就顯得非常重要。首先,通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)研究、專家咨詢和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)等方法,在識(shí)別并篩選了公眾參與有效性的十七項(xiàng)影響因素和四個(gè)隱變量的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與有效性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。該指標(biāo)體系在總體目標(biāo)層上以污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與的有效性為唯一指標(biāo),其系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)則層橫跨了參與主體、參與過(guò)程、參與結(jié)果、參與環(huán)境四個(gè)維度,并且在基本指標(biāo)層上構(gòu)建包含參與公眾的代表性、公眾參與方式的適用性、公眾意見(jiàn)影響決策的程度、項(xiàng)目信息的公開(kāi)程度等十七個(gè)具體的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。其次,在建立的污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與有效性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系基礎(chǔ)上,基于定量分析和客觀評(píng)價(jià)的研究思維,組合運(yùn)用云模型(CM)的定性與定量相互轉(zhuǎn)換模型和灰關(guān)聯(lián)度法(GRA)的客觀權(quán)值計(jì)算的研究方法,構(gòu)建了污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與有效性評(píng)價(jià)的CM-GRA集成模型。再次,為了進(jìn)一步評(píng)價(jià)和模擬污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與有效性的實(shí)際情況,論文以太原市垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠項(xiàng)目公眾參與有效性調(diào)查問(wèn)卷數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)CM-GRA集成模型的數(shù)據(jù)處理,計(jì)算出該項(xiàng)目公眾參與有效性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系中各層級(jí)指標(biāo)的評(píng)價(jià)云和權(quán)值。以四個(gè)系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)則層指標(biāo)和十七個(gè)基本指標(biāo)層指標(biāo)的評(píng)價(jià)云和權(quán)值作為切入點(diǎn),通過(guò)比較云模型的數(shù)字特征和權(quán)值大小,確定公眾有效參與的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)和重要環(huán)節(jié)。實(shí)例分析結(jié)果表明,該項(xiàng)目中公眾參與的有效性一般,并且CM-GRA集成模型對(duì)此問(wèn)題的研究具有較好的適用性和可操作性。最后,綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系中各層級(jí)指標(biāo)的評(píng)價(jià)云,從中觀層面揭示公眾參與有效性的制約因素,并以制約因素和各層級(jí)指標(biāo)的權(quán)值為依據(jù),從“參與結(jié)果改善機(jī)制”、“參與主體素質(zhì)提升機(jī)制”、“參與過(guò)程優(yōu)化機(jī)制”、“參與環(huán)境完善機(jī)制”四個(gè)方面出發(fā),提出污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)的對(duì)策建議。綜上所述,論文基于當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者關(guān)于污染型鄰避設(shè)施和公眾參與相關(guān)理論研究文獻(xiàn)的整理和綜述,通過(guò)對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系建立、CM-GRA集成模型構(gòu)建、實(shí)例分析和公眾參與機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)的對(duì)策建議研究,以期為污染型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)中公眾參與有效性及參與機(jī)制研究提供積極的參考借鑒。
[Abstract]:With the increasing urbanization rate and the scale of urban population, more and more public service facilities are needed to meet the needs of urban residents. However, some of the public facilities have certain pollution characteristics (such as waste incineration power plants), which can cause damage to the interests of the nearby residents, which has the function of serving the life of the residents of the whole society, but there is a direct pollution threat to the residents in the vicinity of the facilities, The public facilities, which are strongly opposed by the residents in the vicinity of the facility, are the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, which require the residents of the nearby residents to bear the negative externality cost that the residents of other regions do not have to bear. The introduction of the public participation mechanism in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent shelter project not only can maintain the self-interest of the residents in the vicinity of the project, but also can improve the scientificity of the project planning and the rationality of the decision-making. Therefore, how to scientifically and accurately evaluate the effectiveness of the public participation in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, and how to put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on the design of the public participation mechanism in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, it is very important to improve the effectiveness of the public participation. First, through the methods of literature research, expert consultation and mathematical statistics, the evaluation index system of the public participation effectiveness in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent-avoidance facilities is set up on the basis of identifying and screening the seven influential factors and the four hidden variables of the public participation effectiveness. The index system is the only indicator of the effectiveness of the public participation in the planning and construction of the pollution-based adjacent protection facilities on the overall objective, and the system criterion layer spans the four dimensions of the participation in the main body, the participation process, the participation result and the participation environment. And the basic index layer is provided with seventeen specific evaluation indexes including the representativeness of participating in the public, the applicability of the public participation method, the degree of the public opinion influencing the decision, the degree of the public opinion influencing the decision and the public degree of the project information. Secondly, on the basis of the evaluation index system of public participation in the construction of the established pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, based on the research thinking of quantitative analysis and objective evaluation, The paper constructs the CM-GRA integration model of the public participation effectiveness evaluation in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent-avoidance facilities by using the qualitative and quantitative transformation model of the cloud model (CM) and the objective weight calculation of the gray correlation degree method (GRA). Thirdly, in order to further evaluate and simulate the actual situation of the public participation effectiveness in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, the paper is based on the questionnaire data of the public participation effectiveness survey of the project of the Taiyuan Waste Incineration Power Plant and the data processing of the CM-GRA integrated model. And the evaluation cloud and the weight value of each level indicator in the evaluation index system of the public participation effectiveness of the project are calculated. The weak link and the important link of the public's effective participation are determined by comparing the digital characteristics and the weight of the cloud model with the evaluation cloud and the weight value of the four system criterion layer indexes and the seventeen basic index layer indexes as the starting point. The results of the example show that the effectiveness of the public participation in the project is generally, and the CM-GRA integrated model has good applicability and operability to the research of this problem. In the end, the evaluation cloud of each level indicator in the comprehensive evaluation index system is based on the four aspects of the "Participation in the results-improving mechanism", the "participate in the main body's quality improvement mechanism", the "participation process optimization mechanism" and the "Participate in the environment perfect mechanism", The suggestions on the design of the public participation mechanism in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities are put forward. In conclusion, based on the current domestic and foreign experts and scholars on the arrangement and the review of the related theories of the pollution-type neighbor-avoidance facilities and the public participation, through the establishment of the evaluation index system, the construction of the CM-GRA integration model, the case analysis and the design of the public participation mechanism, The aim of this paper is to provide a positive reference for the study of the public participation and the participation mechanism in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X32;TU984;D621.5
本文編號(hào)：2484164
[Abstract]:With the increasing urbanization rate and the scale of urban population, more and more public service facilities are needed to meet the needs of urban residents. However, some of the public facilities have certain pollution characteristics (such as waste incineration power plants), which can cause damage to the interests of the nearby residents, which has the function of serving the life of the residents of the whole society, but there is a direct pollution threat to the residents in the vicinity of the facilities, The public facilities, which are strongly opposed by the residents in the vicinity of the facility, are the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, which require the residents of the nearby residents to bear the negative externality cost that the residents of other regions do not have to bear. The introduction of the public participation mechanism in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent shelter project not only can maintain the self-interest of the residents in the vicinity of the project, but also can improve the scientificity of the project planning and the rationality of the decision-making. Therefore, how to scientifically and accurately evaluate the effectiveness of the public participation in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, and how to put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on the design of the public participation mechanism in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, it is very important to improve the effectiveness of the public participation. First, through the methods of literature research, expert consultation and mathematical statistics, the evaluation index system of the public participation effectiveness in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent-avoidance facilities is set up on the basis of identifying and screening the seven influential factors and the four hidden variables of the public participation effectiveness. The index system is the only indicator of the effectiveness of the public participation in the planning and construction of the pollution-based adjacent protection facilities on the overall objective, and the system criterion layer spans the four dimensions of the participation in the main body, the participation process, the participation result and the participation environment. And the basic index layer is provided with seventeen specific evaluation indexes including the representativeness of participating in the public, the applicability of the public participation method, the degree of the public opinion influencing the decision, the degree of the public opinion influencing the decision and the public degree of the project information. Secondly, on the basis of the evaluation index system of public participation in the construction of the established pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, based on the research thinking of quantitative analysis and objective evaluation, The paper constructs the CM-GRA integration model of the public participation effectiveness evaluation in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent-avoidance facilities by using the qualitative and quantitative transformation model of the cloud model (CM) and the objective weight calculation of the gray correlation degree method (GRA). Thirdly, in order to further evaluate and simulate the actual situation of the public participation effectiveness in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities, the paper is based on the questionnaire data of the public participation effectiveness survey of the project of the Taiyuan Waste Incineration Power Plant and the data processing of the CM-GRA integrated model. And the evaluation cloud and the weight value of each level indicator in the evaluation index system of the public participation effectiveness of the project are calculated. The weak link and the important link of the public's effective participation are determined by comparing the digital characteristics and the weight of the cloud model with the evaluation cloud and the weight value of the four system criterion layer indexes and the seventeen basic index layer indexes as the starting point. The results of the example show that the effectiveness of the public participation in the project is generally, and the CM-GRA integrated model has good applicability and operability to the research of this problem. In the end, the evaluation cloud of each level indicator in the comprehensive evaluation index system is based on the four aspects of the "Participation in the results-improving mechanism", the "participate in the main body's quality improvement mechanism", the "participation process optimization mechanism" and the "Participate in the environment perfect mechanism", The suggestions on the design of the public participation mechanism in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities are put forward. In conclusion, based on the current domestic and foreign experts and scholars on the arrangement and the review of the related theories of the pollution-type neighbor-avoidance facilities and the public participation, through the establishment of the evaluation index system, the construction of the CM-GRA integration model, the case analysis and the design of the public participation mechanism, The aim of this paper is to provide a positive reference for the study of the public participation and the participation mechanism in the planning and construction of the pollution-type adjacent protection facilities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X32;TU984;D621.5
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，本文編號(hào)：2484164
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