【摘要】：清代安徽慈善組織發(fā)展時(shí)空特征顯著。乾隆后期以后善堂數(shù)量大規(guī)模增加,嘉道以來(lái)數(shù)量增加更明顯,主要表現(xiàn)在安慶府轄境施棺助葬安置流民類善堂普遍建立。安慶府屬各縣善堂主要以小社區(qū)應(yīng)對(duì)流丐騷擾、胥吏驗(yàn)尸中訛詐居民為主,有少量民眾應(yīng)付雜泛差徭的因素。善堂集中在六安州、蕪湖縣與安慶府,因?yàn)槭徍私煌屑~商業(yè)發(fā)達(dá),懷寧為巡撫所在地,安慶府各縣處于交通干道,乃流民乞丐出省必經(jīng)之地,各縣有大批流民到附近各府租種或墾荒,流民外出對(duì)地方騷擾不可避免。乾隆后期以來(lái)善堂數(shù)量高度集中與小社區(qū)型善堂應(yīng)對(duì)流民間的密切關(guān)系,成為清代安徽慈善組織的顯著特征,這與江南小社區(qū)善堂"儒生化"特征迥異。
[Abstract]:The development of charity organizations in Anhui Province in Qing Dynasty has remarkable temporal and spatial characteristics. After the late Qianlong period, the number of good halls increased on a large scale, and the increase in the number since Jiadao was more obvious, which was mainly manifested in the establishment of a kind of good hall with coffins to help bury displaced people in the territory of Anqing government. Anqing prefectures mainly deal with the harassment of beggars in small communities, blackmail residents in the post-mortem examination of petty officials, and a small number of people deal with miscellaneous factors. Shantang is concentrated in Liuanzhou, Wuhu County and Anqing House, because Wuhu is a commercial hub for transportation, Huining is the seat of the governor, and Anqing prefectures are in the main traffic roads, which is a necessary place for beggars to leave the province. In each county, a large number of displaced people go to nearby governments to rent seeds or reclaim wasteland, and it is inevitable for displaced people to go out to harass the place. Since the late Qianlong period, the close relationship between the high concentration of the number of Shantang and the convective folk in the small community type has become a remarkable feature of Anhui charity organization in Qing Dynasty, which is quite different from the "Confucianism" characteristic of the small community in the south of the Yangtze River.
【作者單位】： 復(fù)旦大學(xué)歷史地理研究中心;
【分類號(hào)】：D691.9
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本文編號(hào)：2475279