【摘要】：我國的根本政治制度是人民代表大會制度,一切權(quán)力屬于人民。詢問權(quán)是人大行使監(jiān)督權(quán)的一個重要權(quán)能,它能夠及時有效地確保國家的法律公正實施,政府權(quán)力不被濫用,人民的利益不受損害。本文以比較法的視野對地方人大的詢問權(quán)進進行了深入研究,并分為有內(nèi)在邏輯聯(lián)系的三個部分。第一部分界定了詢問權(quán)和討論了其理論基礎(chǔ)。廣義的詢問權(quán)是指各級人大代表在人代會議召開期間可以要求各級政府及相關(guān)部門派員參加會議,并在審議議案和有關(guān)報告時,向政府及其相關(guān)部門提出問題,同時要求政府及其相關(guān)部門對所提出的問題及時進行解釋、答復(fù)和回應(yīng)的權(quán)利。其行使方式主要包括詢問、質(zhì)詢以及專題詢問等。詢問權(quán)的產(chǎn)生是基于人民主權(quán)論與代議制政府理論的發(fā)展,權(quán)力制約理論也構(gòu)成其理論上的基礎(chǔ)。第二部分分析了地方人大監(jiān)督中對詢問權(quán)行使所存在的問題和成因。雖然詢問權(quán)的行使方式很多,但是在實踐過程中仍存在詢問案數(shù)量少,形式主義以及監(jiān)督力度不夠等問題。造成這些問題的原因有多方面的,既有憲法相關(guān)規(guī)定不夠完善的原因,也有詢問權(quán)本身制度設(shè)計上的原因;既有人大代表自身的原因也有財政制度方面的因素。第三部分針對地方人大監(jiān)督中詢問權(quán)行使所存在問題提出了解決對策。我國應(yīng)該借鑒國外相關(guān)制度中的有益經(jīng)驗,例如詢問制度常態(tài)化、詢問主體和對象廣泛、詢問方式多樣化和詢問透明度高等等,來對我國詢問權(quán)行使存在的問題進行解決。因此,應(yīng)修改憲法中的相關(guān)規(guī)定,完善相應(yīng)的程序規(guī)則,提高人大代表的履職能力以及完善相關(guān)的配套制度等。
[Abstract]:China's fundamental political system is the people's Congress system, all power belongs to the people. The right of inquiry is an important power for the people's Congress to exercise the power of supervision. It can ensure the fair implementation of the national law in a timely and effective manner, the government power is not abused, and the interests of the people are not harmed. This paper makes an in-depth study on the advance of the inquiry power of the local people's congresses from the perspective of comparative method, and it is divided into three parts with inherent logical connections. The first part defines the right of inquiry and discusses its theoretical basis. In a broad sense, the right of inquiry means that people's congresses at all levels may request governments at all levels and relevant departments to send personnel to attend meetings during the convening of the people's congresses and to ask questions to the government and its relevant departments when examining bills and relevant reports. At the same time, the government and related departments are required to explain, reply and respond to the questions in a timely manner. Its exercise mainly includes inquiry, inquiry and thematic inquiry. The emergence of the right of inquiry is based on the development of the theory of people's sovereignty and representative government, and the theory of power restriction also forms its theoretical basis. The second part analyzes the problems and causes of the exercise of the right of inquiry in the supervision of the local people's Congress. Although there are many ways to exercise the right of inquiry, there are still some problems in practice, such as the small number of interrogation cases, formalism and insufficient supervision. There are many reasons for these problems, not only because the relevant provisions of the Constitution are not perfect, but also because of the system design of the right to inquire; there are also the reasons of the deputies to the NPC and the factors of the financial system. The third part puts forward the solutions to the problems in the exercise of the right of inquiry in the supervision of the local people's Congress. Our country should draw lessons from the beneficial experience of foreign related systems, such as the normalization of inquiry system, the wide range of subjects and objects of inquiry, the variety of interrogation methods and the high transparency of questioning, and so on, to solve the problems existing in the exercise of the right of inquiry in our country. Therefore, it is necessary to amend the relevant provisions of the Constitution, perfect the corresponding procedural rules, improve the ability of the NPC deputies to carry out their duties, and improve the relevant supporting systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D624

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1 劉燁;論地方人大監(jiān)督中的詢問權(quán)[D];寧波大學(xué);2015年

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