【摘要】：從2000年第五次人口普查的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,我國(guó)已進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì)。與城市相比,農(nóng)村老齡問題的壓力更大,尤其是在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平較低的農(nóng)村地區(qū),“未富先老”情況嚴(yán)重,養(yǎng)老保障方面的壓力更加突出。國(guó)家和政府需盡快建立一個(gè)適合中國(guó)國(guó)情的農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保障體系,解決農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老這個(gè)事關(guān)全局的重大社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。遷糯村的實(shí)地調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn),農(nóng)村地區(qū)的養(yǎng)老現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀,養(yǎng)老整體水平較低：由于受到城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,政府對(duì)農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老投入資金不足,導(dǎo)致老年人社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保障水平低,養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)缺乏；由村委會(huì)主導(dǎo)的基層養(yǎng)老組織沒有履行其組織社區(qū)養(yǎng)老的職能,使農(nóng)村老齡人缺乏必要的衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù),文體活動(dòng)嚴(yán)重不足,養(yǎng)老照顧服務(wù)欠缺；農(nóng)村傳統(tǒng)家庭養(yǎng)老保障功能逐漸減弱,表現(xiàn)在家庭規(guī)模不斷縮小致使子女養(yǎng)老負(fù)擔(dān)加重、老年人自我養(yǎng)老保障能力弱、農(nóng)村青壯年進(jìn)城務(wù)工使得老年人缺少必要的家庭照顧、年輕人家庭傳統(tǒng)美德觀念逐漸弱化、農(nóng)村的土地養(yǎng)老保障功能日趨下降,反映出傳統(tǒng)家庭養(yǎng)老已經(jīng)不能滿足農(nóng)村老年人晚年穩(wěn)定養(yǎng)老的需要。要改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)的養(yǎng)老現(xiàn)狀,必須以“健康老齡化”為指導(dǎo),不斷提高政府養(yǎng)老保障水平,村委會(huì)等基層組織更要對(duì)村寨中的養(yǎng)老問題引起重視,發(fā)揮其在社區(qū)養(yǎng)老中的積極作用。同時(shí),本文也特別強(qiáng)調(diào)農(nóng)村地區(qū)要根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)習(xí)俗,繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)家庭養(yǎng)老的優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)道德,注重家庭美德在社會(huì)上的宣傳和教育,使尊老、敬老的道德傳統(tǒng)深入人心,共同推進(jìn)我國(guó)養(yǎng)老事業(yè)的順利發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Data from the fifth census in 2000 show that China has entered an aging society. Compared with the urban areas, the problem of aging in rural areas is more stressful, especially in the rural areas where the level of economic development is low, the situation of "old age before getting rich" is serious, and the pressure of old-age security is more prominent. The state and the government should set up a rural old-age security system suitable for China's national conditions as soon as possible to solve the major social reality problem concerning the overall situation. The field investigation of Qiannuo Village found that the present situation of old-age support in rural areas is not optimistic, and the overall level of old-age support is low: due to the influence of the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas, the government has insufficient investment in rural old-age care. It leads to the low level of social old-age security for the elderly and the lack of pension institutions; Grass-roots pension organizations led by village committees did not perform their functions of organizing community old-age care, which made the rural elderly lack of necessary health care services, serious lack of sports activities, lack of old-age care services; The traditional family pension security function in rural areas is gradually weakened, which is reflected in the increasing burden of children's pension due to the shrinking of family size, the weak ability of the elderly to provide for the aged themselves, and the lack of necessary family care for the elderly due to the young and middle-aged rural workers entering the city to work. The traditional concept of family virtue of young people is weakening gradually, and the function of land old-age security in rural areas is declining day by day, which reflects that the traditional family old-age support has not been able to meet the needs of the old people in rural areas in their old age. In order to improve the status quo of the aged in rural areas, we must take "healthy aging" as the guide, constantly improve the level of government old-age security, and grass-roots organizations, such as village committees, should pay more attention to the problem of providing for the aged in villages. Give play to its active role in community pension. At the same time, this article also emphasizes that the rural areas should inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional morality of the family for the aged, pay attention to the propaganda and education of the family virtue in the society, so that the moral tradition of respecting and respecting the elderly is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. We will work together to promote the smooth development of China's pension industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6

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