【摘要】：經(jīng)過近四十年的改革開放,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)迅猛發(fā)展,社會財富快速增長,人民收入大幅提高,百姓生活顯著改善,為社會穩(wěn)定和諧奠定了堅實基礎(chǔ)。但是,改革開放的政策以及經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,也使中國社會結(jié)構(gòu)快速演化,造成社會階層之間收入差距越來越大,逐漸形成“金字塔”結(jié)構(gòu),使社會財富日益積聚到少數(shù)人手中,低收入階層占大多數(shù),中等收入階層比例偏小,社會大多數(shù)人并未充分共享改革開放成果,甚至仇富仇不公成為一種較普遍的社會心理。這勢必影響人們對改革開放的認(rèn)同,對社會主義的信仰和信心,特別是直接影響到社會穩(wěn)定�！胺�(wěn)定是壓倒一切的大局”,像中國這樣的發(fā)展中大國沒有穩(wěn)定的社會環(huán)境,國家富強(qiáng),民族振興,人民幸福都無從談起。社會階層的急劇分化,已經(jīng)引起了全社會,乃至理論界的高度重視。據(jù)此,本文以維護(hù)社會穩(wěn)定為出發(fā)點,主要分析和探討了改革開放以來中國社會階層分化及其與社會穩(wěn)定問題的關(guān)系,初步探討了努力構(gòu)建“橄欖型”社會,促進(jìn)社會穩(wěn)定和諧的有效措施。首先,分析改革開放以來中國社會階層分化及其原因、特點。指出改革開放以來,我國社會階層分化在整體上具有分化的速度快、范圍廣、影響大以及分化結(jié)構(gòu)失衡且基本定型的特點。在局部上具有農(nóng)民階層和傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)階層人數(shù)減少;個體工商戶和私營企業(yè)主階層不斷擴(kuò)大;社會白領(lǐng)階層不斷擴(kuò)大的特點。同時,從政策、所有制、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、科教等角度分析了改革開放以來我國社會階層分化的原因。其次,概括了社會穩(wěn)定具有歷史性、綜合性、動態(tài)性相對性、地域性等特點及當(dāng)前中國社會穩(wěn)定的重要意義,分析了改革開放后中國社會階層分化對社會穩(wěn)定的積極作用和消極影響。最后,從引導(dǎo)社會階層合理分化與針對不同社會階層實施“限、擴(kuò)、減”措施兩個維度,具體分析了引導(dǎo)社會階層合理分化,促進(jìn)社會穩(wěn)定和諧發(fā)展的對策。
[Abstract]:After nearly 40 years of reform and opening up, China's economy has developed rapidly, social wealth has increased rapidly, people's income has been greatly increased, and people's life has been improved significantly, which has laid a solid foundation for social stability and harmony. However, the policy of reform and opening up and the rapid development of the economy have also led to the rapid evolution of China's social structure, resulting in a growing income gap between the social strata and gradually forming a "pyramid" structure. It makes the social wealth accumulate increasingly in the hands of a few people, the low income class accounts for the majority, the proportion of the middle income class is small, the majority of the society does not fully share the fruits of reform and opening up, and even hatred against the rich and the unfairness becomes a relatively common social psychology. This will inevitably affect people's recognition of reform and opening up, faith and confidence in socialism, especially social stability. "Stability is the overriding overall situation." A developing country like China does not have a stable social environment, a rich and powerful country, a rejuvenation of the nation, and the happiness of the people. The sharp differentiation of social stratum has aroused the attention of the whole society and even the theorists. On the basis of this, this paper, based on the maintenance of social stability, mainly analyzes and discusses the relationship between social stratum differentiation and social stability in China since the reform and opening up, and preliminarily discusses the efforts to build a "olive-shaped" society. Effective measures to promote social stability and harmony. First of all, analyze the Chinese social stratum differentiation and its causes and characteristics since the reform and opening up. It is pointed out that since the reform and opening up, the social stratum differentiation in our country has the characteristics of fast speed, wide range, great influence, unbalanced differentiation structure and basic stereotype on the whole. In part, it has the characteristics of decreasing the number of peasant class and traditional industrial stratum, expanding the individual industrial and commercial class and private enterprise owner stratum, and expanding the social white collar class. At the same time, this paper analyzes the reasons of the social stratum differentiation since the reform and opening up from the angle of policy, ownership, industrial structure adjustment, science and education and so on. Secondly, it summarizes the characteristics of social stability, such as historical, comprehensive, dynamic relativity, regional and so on, and the significance of current social stability in China. This paper analyzes the positive and negative effects of social stratum differentiation on social stability after reform and opening up. Finally, from the two dimensions of guiding the reasonable differentiation of the social stratum and implementing the measures of "limit, expand and decrease" for different social strata, the author analyzes the countermeasures to guide the reasonable differentiation of the social stratum and promote the stable and harmonious development of the society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D663

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