安倍政府對(duì)華政策轉(zhuǎn)變及中國(guó)對(duì)策分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-14 14:55
【摘要】：從2006年9月首度出任日本首相到2012年12月的再次當(dāng)選,兩屆安倍政府的對(duì)華政策發(fā)生了明顯的變化。2006年9月,首次出任首相的安倍罕見(jiàn)的選擇中國(guó)作為首訪地并與時(shí)任國(guó)家主席胡錦濤就共同構(gòu)建"戰(zhàn)略互惠關(guān)系"達(dá)成一致,從而緩和了因其前任小泉純一郎參拜靖國(guó)神社而惡化的中日關(guān)系,但由于參議院選舉失利以及個(gè)人健康原因,在出任首相不到一年的情況下,便辭去職務(wù),草草結(jié)束其第一任期。在經(jīng)歷了首相頻繁更迭以及民主黨執(zhí)政之后,安倍于2012年12月率領(lǐng)自民黨以壓倒性優(yōu)勢(shì)重回首相寶座。再次當(dāng)選首相后,安倍政府對(duì)華態(tài)度趨于強(qiáng)硬,以提出"價(jià)值觀外交"為契機(jī),編織對(duì)華包圍網(wǎng),其制衡中國(guó)意圖明顯。同時(shí),兩屆安倍政府期間也可謂是多事之秋,發(fā)生了一系列對(duì)中日關(guān)系產(chǎn)生重要影響的事件,結(jié)合這些事件,我們可以尋找到推動(dòng)安倍政府對(duì)華政策發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變的一些深層次的原因。對(duì)于兩屆安倍政府在對(duì)華政策上的明顯不同,從東北亞權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,首先,以2008年金融危機(jī)為分界點(diǎn),中美權(quán)力的轉(zhuǎn)移給美日同盟帶來(lái)了深刻的變化,美國(guó)期待日本在亞太地區(qū)發(fā)揮更積極作用,而這也剛好符合安倍政府制衡中國(guó)的企圖。其次,中日權(quán)力的結(jié)構(gòu)性變化給中日關(guān)系帶來(lái)了波動(dòng),使得日本政府和民眾在對(duì)華認(rèn)知上發(fā)生錯(cuò)位,不能以平常心正確看待中國(guó)的崛起,這也成為導(dǎo)致安倍政府對(duì)華強(qiáng)硬政策的一個(gè)重要推手。從日本國(guó)內(nèi)以及安倍個(gè)人因素來(lái)看,安倍長(zhǎng)期且強(qiáng)勢(shì)政權(quán)的成立以及中日經(jīng)濟(jì)相互依存上產(chǎn)生的變化,使得安倍政府在對(duì)華政策制定上更加固執(zhí),難以執(zhí)行對(duì)華務(wù)實(shí)的外交政策。另外,由于外部環(huán)境的不同以及安倍本身所具有的鷹派以及右傾化的外交理念,這也決定了第二屆安倍政府時(shí)期的對(duì)華政策趨于強(qiáng)硬�；谝陨显蚍治�,提出中國(guó)相應(yīng)的對(duì)策:中國(guó)需要注意到中美關(guān)系對(duì)中日關(guān)系的影響,因此中國(guó)需要積極與美構(gòu)建超越權(quán)力轉(zhuǎn)移的"不沖突、不對(duì)抗、相互尊重、合作共贏"的新型大國(guó)關(guān)系,以更好的穩(wěn)定中日關(guān)系。同時(shí),大力推進(jìn)"一帶一路"建設(shè),倡導(dǎo)和周邊以及"一帶一路"沿線國(guó)家的命運(yùn)共同體意識(shí),營(yíng)造一個(gè)良好穩(wěn)定的周邊環(huán)境,擴(kuò)大中國(guó)戰(zhàn)略空間,增加安倍政府對(duì)華圍堵、遏制政策的成本。最后,也要強(qiáng)化對(duì)日民間外交工作,增進(jìn)日本民眾對(duì)華認(rèn)知,減少對(duì)華誤解,從而全面、客觀、公正的看待并接受中國(guó)的發(fā)展,弱化中日權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)性變化背景下日本對(duì)華崛起的疑慮。
[Abstract]:From his first appointment as Prime Minister of Japan in September 2006 to his re-election in December 2012, the policy towards China of the two Abe governments has changed markedly. In September 2006, Abe, the prime minister for the first time, has made a rare choice of China as his first visit and has agreed with then-president Hu Jintao to work together to build a "strategic and mutually beneficial relationship." As a result, Sino-Japanese relations deteriorated as a result of his predecessor Junichiro Koizumi's visit to the Yasukuni Shrine. However, due to the defeat in the Senate election and personal health reasons, he resigned from his post after less than a year as prime minister. To end his first term of office. After frequent changes in prime minister and Democratic Party rule, Abe led the LDP back to prime minister overwhelmingly in December 2012. After he was re-elected as prime minister, Abe's government became tough on China, taking the opportunity of "value diplomacy" as an opportunity to weave a network of encirclement to China, with a clear intention to counterbalance China. At the same time, during the two Abe administrations, it was also a troubled autumn, with a series of events that had an important impact on Sino-Japanese relations. In combination with these events, We can find some deep reasons for the change in Abe's policy toward China. With regard to the obvious differences between the two Abe governments in their policies towards China, from the perspective of the power structure in Northeast Asia, first of all, with the financial crisis of 2008 as the demarcation point, the transfer of power between China and the United States has brought profound changes to the US-Japan alliance. The United States expects Japan to play a more active role in the Asia-Pacific region, in line with Abe's attempt to counterbalance China. Secondly, the structural changes in power between China and Japan have brought fluctuations to Sino-Japanese relations, making the Japanese government and people misplaced in their perceptions of China, and the rise of China cannot be viewed correctly and with a common mind. It also became an important force behind Abe's tough policy toward China. From the perspective of Japan and Abe's personal factors, the establishment of Abe's long-term and strong regime and the changes in the economic interdependence between China and Japan have made the Abe government more stubborn in formulating its policy toward China. It is difficult to carry out pragmatic foreign policy towards China. In addition, due to the difference of external environment and the hawkish and rightwing diplomatic philosophy of Abe itself, this also determines that the policy towards China during the second Abe administration tends to be tough. Based on the analysis of the above reasons, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward: China needs to pay attention to the influence of Sino-US relations on Sino-Japanese relations, so China needs to actively establish with the United States "no conflict, no confrontation and mutual respect" that transcends the transfer of power. Cooperation and win-win At the same time, we should vigorously promote the construction of "Belt and Road", advocate the sense of common destiny of the countries around it and the countries along the "Belt and Road" line, create a good and stable surrounding environment, expand China's strategic space, and increase the siege of the Abe government to China. Contain the costs of a policy. Finally, it is also necessary to strengthen civilian diplomacy to Japan, to enhance the Japanese people's understanding of China, to reduce misunderstanding about China, and to view and accept China's development in a comprehensive, objective and fair manner. Japan's misgivings about the rise of China against the background of weakening the structural change of power between China and Japan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D822.331.3
[Abstract]:From his first appointment as Prime Minister of Japan in September 2006 to his re-election in December 2012, the policy towards China of the two Abe governments has changed markedly. In September 2006, Abe, the prime minister for the first time, has made a rare choice of China as his first visit and has agreed with then-president Hu Jintao to work together to build a "strategic and mutually beneficial relationship." As a result, Sino-Japanese relations deteriorated as a result of his predecessor Junichiro Koizumi's visit to the Yasukuni Shrine. However, due to the defeat in the Senate election and personal health reasons, he resigned from his post after less than a year as prime minister. To end his first term of office. After frequent changes in prime minister and Democratic Party rule, Abe led the LDP back to prime minister overwhelmingly in December 2012. After he was re-elected as prime minister, Abe's government became tough on China, taking the opportunity of "value diplomacy" as an opportunity to weave a network of encirclement to China, with a clear intention to counterbalance China. At the same time, during the two Abe administrations, it was also a troubled autumn, with a series of events that had an important impact on Sino-Japanese relations. In combination with these events, We can find some deep reasons for the change in Abe's policy toward China. With regard to the obvious differences between the two Abe governments in their policies towards China, from the perspective of the power structure in Northeast Asia, first of all, with the financial crisis of 2008 as the demarcation point, the transfer of power between China and the United States has brought profound changes to the US-Japan alliance. The United States expects Japan to play a more active role in the Asia-Pacific region, in line with Abe's attempt to counterbalance China. Secondly, the structural changes in power between China and Japan have brought fluctuations to Sino-Japanese relations, making the Japanese government and people misplaced in their perceptions of China, and the rise of China cannot be viewed correctly and with a common mind. It also became an important force behind Abe's tough policy toward China. From the perspective of Japan and Abe's personal factors, the establishment of Abe's long-term and strong regime and the changes in the economic interdependence between China and Japan have made the Abe government more stubborn in formulating its policy toward China. It is difficult to carry out pragmatic foreign policy towards China. In addition, due to the difference of external environment and the hawkish and rightwing diplomatic philosophy of Abe itself, this also determines that the policy towards China during the second Abe administration tends to be tough. Based on the analysis of the above reasons, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward: China needs to pay attention to the influence of Sino-US relations on Sino-Japanese relations, so China needs to actively establish with the United States "no conflict, no confrontation and mutual respect" that transcends the transfer of power. Cooperation and win-win At the same time, we should vigorously promote the construction of "Belt and Road", advocate the sense of common destiny of the countries around it and the countries along the "Belt and Road" line, create a good and stable surrounding environment, expand China's strategic space, and increase the siege of the Abe government to China. Contain the costs of a policy. Finally, it is also necessary to strengthen civilian diplomacy to Japan, to enhance the Japanese people's understanding of China, to reduce misunderstanding about China, and to view and accept China's development in a comprehensive, objective and fair manner. Japan's misgivings about the rise of China against the background of weakening the structural change of power between China and Japan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D822.331.3
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