馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-13 17:48
【摘要】：工業(yè)文明創(chuàng)造了人類歷史中過去任何一個時期都無法創(chuàng)造出的社會物質財富。人類在享受工業(yè)文明帶來的財富的同時,也面臨著資源短缺、環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)破壞等一系列問題。這些問題已成為一個全球性問題,全人類都無法回避而必須面對。中國作為后發(fā)國家,在工業(yè)化、現代化發(fā)展過程中,同樣面臨生態(tài)問題的挑戰(zhàn)。從日益嚴峻的生態(tài)現實出發(fā),在各種理論資源中盡可能地尋找解決問題的有益啟示與有效措施,不能離開馬克思生態(tài)思想。馬克思生態(tài)思想是馬克思主義思想體系的重要組成部分。根據對經典文本的考察與挖掘,以及對相關研究的總結、歸納與提升,馬克思生態(tài)思想的科學內涵得以哲學地呈現,主要在三個方面:人與自然相統(tǒng)一的和諧論,自然、人、社會相統(tǒng)一的整體觀,唯物論和辯證法相統(tǒng)一的方法論。同時,馬克思生態(tài)思想與其他生態(tài)學思想有著顯著區(qū)別:首要特點是堅持從社會化大生產的大視野出發(fā),重要特點是從批判資本主義制度入手,關鍵特點是以人的全面發(fā)展為主要目標。馬克思生態(tài)思想以其獨特的系統(tǒng)性、批判性、深遂性、前瞻性和哲學高度、方法論意義能對解決生態(tài)問題提供正確的有效的思想指導。馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化是馬克思主義中國化的組成部分。馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化就是使其由一種世界性思想轉化為具有“中國特色”的思想體系,與中國的生態(tài)文明建設實踐相結合,更加深遠地為當代和未來中國的發(fā)展服務,同時使其自身得到創(chuàng)造性發(fā)展。實現馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化有深厚的根基:我國建立的社會主義制度為馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化奠定了制度基石;中國在生態(tài)方面的現實狀況是馬克思生態(tài)思想得到運用的出發(fā)點,是馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化的現實基礎;中國傳統(tǒng)文化中的生態(tài)智慧是馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化的文化土壤,能為其提供生存根基和思想營養(yǎng)。所以,馬克思生態(tài)思想必然跟隨馬克思主義中國化的新進程一并走上中國化道路。馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化并不與馬克思主義其他具體思想的中國化完全同步,而是在中國特色社會主義建設過程中根據現實需要,與時俱進地經歷了從自發(fā)到自覺的過程。建國以來,從初期開展以“水利建設、植樹造林、水土保持、環(huán)境污染治理和保護”為核心內容的嘗試性探索,到黨的第二代、第三代領導集體的“促使自然、資源、人口、社會協(xié)調發(fā)展,走可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路”為核心內容的主動實踐,再到新時期以科學發(fā)展觀、生態(tài)文明建設、“五位一體”的總布局為核心內容的中國化創(chuàng)新階段,是我黨在不同時期堅持以馬克思生態(tài)思想為指導,應對生態(tài)困難和環(huán)境風險的生動體現,揭示了馬克思生態(tài)思想與中國具體實踐相結合并得以不斷創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展的演進軌跡,以及始終堅持從國情出發(fā)、不斷地實踐探索而走向科學的理論升華的基本經驗和相應成果。一定程度上,建設生態(tài)文明正是馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化的最新成果。黨的十八大首次把生態(tài)文明建設擺在社會主義建設總體布局的戰(zhàn)略高度來論述,把“美麗中國”作為未來生態(tài)文明建設的宏偉目標。我們應改變舊有發(fā)展理念,必須采取更加有效的措施和辦法,積極探索馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化的未來路徑,從而更好地促使馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化,并落實到建設生態(tài)文明和“美麗中國”的實踐中。馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化的未來路徑可以從思想路徑、制度路徑和實踐路徑幾方面入手。思想上,應加強生態(tài)教育,樹立生態(tài)文明理念,倡導生態(tài)消費方式;實踐上,應轉變經濟發(fā)展模式,做好頂層制度設計;制度上,應完善生態(tài)建設的相關法律法規(guī),制定完善生態(tài)環(huán)境經濟政策,強化生態(tài)環(huán)境執(zhí)法監(jiān)督管理,完善經濟社會發(fā)展評價體系。通過思想、制度和實踐上的轉變,實現馬克思生態(tài)思想中國化的創(chuàng)造性發(fā)展,進而實現人與自然和諧共生、社會與生態(tài)和諧共進,將生產持續(xù)發(fā)展、人民生活富裕安康和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)優(yōu)良的“中國夢”變?yōu)楝F實。
[Abstract]:Industrial civilization has created a social material wealth that can not be created in any period of human history. While enjoying the wealth brought by industrial civilization, human beings are also faced with a series of problems, such as shortage of resources, environmental pollution, and ecological destruction. These problems have become a global problem, and all mankind cannot avoid it. Facing the development of industrialization and modernization, China is also faced with the challenge of ecological problems in the process of industrialization and modernization. From the increasingly severe ecological reality, we can find useful inspiration and effective measures to solve the problem in all kinds of theoretical resources, and can not leave Marx's ecological thought. Marx's ecological thought is Marx doctrine. The important part of the ideological system. According to the investigation and excavation of the classical text, and the summary of the related research, induction and promotion, the scientific connotation of Marx's ecological thought can be presented philosophically, mainly in three aspects: the unity of harmony between man and nature, the unity of nature, man and society, materialism and Dialectics At the same time, there is a significant difference between Marx's ecological thought and other ecological ideas: the primary feature is to adhere to the great vision of the social production, and the important feature is to start with the criticism of the capitalist system, and the key feature is the overall development of human beings as the main goal. Marx's ecological thought is characterized by its unique and systematic nature. Critical, profound, prospective, forward-looking and philosophical, methodological significance can provide correct and effective ideological guidance for solving ecological problems. Marx's ecological thought is a part of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine. The Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought is to transform a kind of world thought into a "Chinese characteristic" thought. Thinking of the system, combining with the practice of ecological civilization construction in China, serving the development of contemporary and future China more profoundly, and making its own creative development. It has a deep foundation to realize the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought: the socialist system established in our country has laid the foundation stone for the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought; The ecological reality of the country is the starting point of the application of Marx's ecological thought. It is the realistic foundation of the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought; the ecological wisdom of Chinese traditional culture is the cultural soil of the Chinese culture of Marx's ecological thought, which can provide the foundation of survival and the thought of nourishment for it. Therefore, the ecological thought of Marx is bound to follow. The new process of the Sinicization of Marx's Sinicization has gone on the road to China. The Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought does not synchronize with the other specific ideas of Marx's doctrine, but in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, it has experienced the process from spontaneity to consciousness according to the need of reality. Since the founding of the people's Republic, it has been from the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China. A tentative exploration of the core content of "water conservancy construction, afforestation, soil and water conservation, environmental pollution control and protection" is carried out to the core content of the second generation of the party and the third generation of leaders to promote the coordinated development of nature, resources, population, society, and the road of sustainable development, and then to the scientific development in the new period. The view, the construction of ecological civilization and the overall layout of the "five in one" as the core content of the Chinese innovation stage are the vivid embodiment of our party's insisting on Marx's ecological thought in different periods and responding to the ecological difficulties and environmental risks. It reveals that the ecological thought of Marx is combined with the concrete practice in China and has been continuously innovated and developed. In a certain degree, the construction of ecological civilization is the latest achievement of the Chinese ecological thought of Marx. The eighteen first party of the party put the construction of the ecological literature and Ming in the overall layout of the socialist construction. The "beautiful China" is regarded as the grand goal of the construction of the ecological civilization in the future. We should change the old concept of development and take more effective measures and measures to explore the future path of Marx's ecological thought in China, so as to better promote the ecological ideology of Marx to be sinicization, and to implement the construction of ecology. In the practice of civilization and "beautiful China", the future path of Marx's ecological thought in China can be started from the ideological path, the system path and the practical path. In thought, we should strengthen the ecological education, establish the concept of ecological civilization and advocate the mode of ecological consumption; in practice, we should change the mode of economic development and do a good job of the design of the top level system. On the other hand, we should improve the relevant laws and regulations of ecological construction, formulate the economic policies of ecological environment, strengthen the supervision and management of the law enforcement and supervision of the ecological environment, and perfect the evaluation system of economic and social development. Through the transformation of ideology, system and practice, the creative development of Marx's ecological thought in China is realized, and then the harmonious co-existence of man and nature is realized. It will advance with the ecological harmony and turn the "Chinese dream" of sustainable development of production, people's affluence and good ecosystem into reality.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D61
本文編號：2120248
[Abstract]:Industrial civilization has created a social material wealth that can not be created in any period of human history. While enjoying the wealth brought by industrial civilization, human beings are also faced with a series of problems, such as shortage of resources, environmental pollution, and ecological destruction. These problems have become a global problem, and all mankind cannot avoid it. Facing the development of industrialization and modernization, China is also faced with the challenge of ecological problems in the process of industrialization and modernization. From the increasingly severe ecological reality, we can find useful inspiration and effective measures to solve the problem in all kinds of theoretical resources, and can not leave Marx's ecological thought. Marx's ecological thought is Marx doctrine. The important part of the ideological system. According to the investigation and excavation of the classical text, and the summary of the related research, induction and promotion, the scientific connotation of Marx's ecological thought can be presented philosophically, mainly in three aspects: the unity of harmony between man and nature, the unity of nature, man and society, materialism and Dialectics At the same time, there is a significant difference between Marx's ecological thought and other ecological ideas: the primary feature is to adhere to the great vision of the social production, and the important feature is to start with the criticism of the capitalist system, and the key feature is the overall development of human beings as the main goal. Marx's ecological thought is characterized by its unique and systematic nature. Critical, profound, prospective, forward-looking and philosophical, methodological significance can provide correct and effective ideological guidance for solving ecological problems. Marx's ecological thought is a part of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine. The Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought is to transform a kind of world thought into a "Chinese characteristic" thought. Thinking of the system, combining with the practice of ecological civilization construction in China, serving the development of contemporary and future China more profoundly, and making its own creative development. It has a deep foundation to realize the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought: the socialist system established in our country has laid the foundation stone for the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought; The ecological reality of the country is the starting point of the application of Marx's ecological thought. It is the realistic foundation of the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought; the ecological wisdom of Chinese traditional culture is the cultural soil of the Chinese culture of Marx's ecological thought, which can provide the foundation of survival and the thought of nourishment for it. Therefore, the ecological thought of Marx is bound to follow. The new process of the Sinicization of Marx's Sinicization has gone on the road to China. The Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought does not synchronize with the other specific ideas of Marx's doctrine, but in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, it has experienced the process from spontaneity to consciousness according to the need of reality. Since the founding of the people's Republic, it has been from the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China. A tentative exploration of the core content of "water conservancy construction, afforestation, soil and water conservation, environmental pollution control and protection" is carried out to the core content of the second generation of the party and the third generation of leaders to promote the coordinated development of nature, resources, population, society, and the road of sustainable development, and then to the scientific development in the new period. The view, the construction of ecological civilization and the overall layout of the "five in one" as the core content of the Chinese innovation stage are the vivid embodiment of our party's insisting on Marx's ecological thought in different periods and responding to the ecological difficulties and environmental risks. It reveals that the ecological thought of Marx is combined with the concrete practice in China and has been continuously innovated and developed. In a certain degree, the construction of ecological civilization is the latest achievement of the Chinese ecological thought of Marx. The eighteen first party of the party put the construction of the ecological literature and Ming in the overall layout of the socialist construction. The "beautiful China" is regarded as the grand goal of the construction of the ecological civilization in the future. We should change the old concept of development and take more effective measures and measures to explore the future path of Marx's ecological thought in China, so as to better promote the ecological ideology of Marx to be sinicization, and to implement the construction of ecology. In the practice of civilization and "beautiful China", the future path of Marx's ecological thought in China can be started from the ideological path, the system path and the practical path. In thought, we should strengthen the ecological education, establish the concept of ecological civilization and advocate the mode of ecological consumption; in practice, we should change the mode of economic development and do a good job of the design of the top level system. On the other hand, we should improve the relevant laws and regulations of ecological construction, formulate the economic policies of ecological environment, strengthen the supervision and management of the law enforcement and supervision of the ecological environment, and perfect the evaluation system of economic and social development. Through the transformation of ideology, system and practice, the creative development of Marx's ecological thought in China is realized, and then the harmonious co-existence of man and nature is realized. It will advance with the ecological harmony and turn the "Chinese dream" of sustainable development of production, people's affluence and good ecosystem into reality.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D61
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