本文選題：農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng) + 馬克思主義中國化�。� 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：馬克思主義中國化一直是學(xué)術(shù)界研究的熱點(diǎn)課題。近年來,圍繞馬克思主義中國化的過程、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、啟示、規(guī)律、理論成果、黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人物以及共產(chǎn)國際與馬克思主義中國化的關(guān)系等方面,涌現(xiàn)出一大批精品和優(yōu)秀之作。但是,現(xiàn)有成果的研究視域偏重于對(duì)過程、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、規(guī)律等宏觀層面的研究,微觀領(lǐng)域的研究比較薄弱;偏重于對(duì)整個(gè)過程的研究,某個(gè)階段的研究比較薄弱;偏重于探討黨及其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的貢獻(xiàn)研究,人民群眾所起作用的研究比較薄弱;偏重于政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)等方面的研究,對(duì)黨在思想文化領(lǐng)域內(nèi)對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的繼承和發(fā)展的研究比較薄弱;偏重于闡釋馬克思主義與中國傳統(tǒng)文化特別是儒家文化以及精英文化的結(jié)合,對(duì)馬克思主義與農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)結(jié)合的研究還比較薄弱。農(nóng)民,在中國近代史上有著非同一般的地位和意義。近代中國是一個(gè)小農(nóng)汪洋大海的國家,農(nóng)民占據(jù)人口的絕大多數(shù),幾千年賴以生存的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)都是簡單的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式。國家的政治結(jié)構(gòu)是為維持封建的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)的模式而建立。在這樣一個(gè)社會(huì),農(nóng)民是最主要的群體,他們?cè)谟邢薜纳钊ψ永锇凑帐朗来蛔兊膫鹘y(tǒng)生存著,對(duì)他們來說,傳統(tǒng)就是權(quán)威。所以,不理解中國的農(nóng)村和農(nóng)民,就不能從根本上理解中國的國情、歷史和中國本身。有鑒于此,本文擬以農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)和馬克思主義中國化的互動(dòng)關(guān)系為中心,考察近代農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的危機(jī)和對(duì)馬克思主義的排斥,以及中國共產(chǎn)黨成立后運(yùn)用馬克思主義改造農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的過程,從微觀層面以農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的視角剖析馬克思主義中國化的早期歷史(1921-1937),全面展示革命意識(shí)滲入農(nóng)村、馬克思主義與農(nóng)民生活實(shí)踐相結(jié)合、中國共產(chǎn)黨贏得農(nóng)民認(rèn)同的過程,探究其中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),為今天推進(jìn)馬克思主義中國化、加強(qiáng)農(nóng)民的思想建設(shè)提供借鑒和啟示。本文由導(dǎo)論、正文和結(jié)語三部分組成。導(dǎo)論是對(duì)研究意義、內(nèi)容、思路、方法和創(chuàng)新之處的簡要概括。正文是文章的主體部分,分為五章。結(jié)語是對(duì)文章做整體性的總結(jié)。全文主要觀點(diǎn)有:第一章闡述近代中國的農(nóng)村和農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)實(shí)中的困惑。探究近代中國農(nóng)民生存境況和農(nóng)民數(shù)千年積淀下來的自發(fā)的文化傳統(tǒng),展現(xiàn)1840年以后農(nóng)村的狀況、農(nóng)民的生存境遇,分析農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的生成條件和基本特征,還原社會(huì)激烈動(dòng)蕩對(duì)農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的沖擊以及農(nóng)民階級(jí)的抗?fàn)帯５诙抡撌鲴R克思主義中國化初期農(nóng)民對(duì)馬克思主義的疏離和排斥。農(nóng)民在嘗試救國的努力失敗后,他們選擇的是固守傳統(tǒng),無所作為。當(dāng)馬克思主義以及革命思想在城市、在知識(shí)分子中間如火如荼傳播之時(shí),他們過著自給自足的與世隔絕的生活。由于中西方文化的差異性、農(nóng)民長期封閉導(dǎo)致抱守殘缺的心態(tài)、傳統(tǒng)的思維方式和黨的政策失誤等因素影響,造成了農(nóng)民對(duì)馬克思主義理論的排斥、對(duì)中國革命運(yùn)動(dòng)的漠視、對(duì)中國共產(chǎn)黨的疏離。第三章闡述馬克思主義對(duì)農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的改造。中國共產(chǎn)黨把工作中心轉(zhuǎn)移到農(nóng)村以后,拋棄了忽視農(nóng)民的錯(cuò)誤做法,正視農(nóng)民的要求、農(nóng)民的傳統(tǒng)思想、農(nóng)民的文化心理,在滿足了農(nóng)民的土地需求、靈活對(duì)待農(nóng)民的迷信觀念、鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民的革命傳統(tǒng)、加強(qiáng)農(nóng)民思想教育等之后,農(nóng)民的政治意識(shí)和革命意識(shí)倍增,農(nóng)民成為紅軍隊(duì)伍的主要來源、無產(chǎn)階級(jí)最可靠的同盟軍、根據(jù)地建設(shè)的主力軍、抗戰(zhàn)和解放戰(zhàn)爭的堅(jiān)實(shí)依靠力量。第四章主要論證馬克思主義和農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的融合互動(dòng)及其機(jī)制和特點(diǎn)。農(nóng)民的文化傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)馬克思主義洗禮獲得改造和提升,馬克思主義理論在與農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)結(jié)合中也獲得了創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。這種融合是馬克思主義開放性的本質(zhì)、中華文化的優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)和馬克思主義與農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)相同相似等等共同作用的結(jié)果。第五章是從農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的視域總結(jié)馬克思主義中國化早期實(shí)踐的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。從歷史梳理中得出:馬克思主義中國化是由中國共產(chǎn)黨和廣大人民群眾共同推動(dòng)的,農(nóng)民是其中的重要力量;改造農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)是馬克思主義中國化的重要前提;正確對(duì)待馬克思主義是馬克思主義中國化的關(guān)鍵;堅(jiān)持問題導(dǎo)向是實(shí)現(xiàn)馬克思主義與中國農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)融合的基本途徑;對(duì)農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)改造不徹底是馬克思主義中國化遇挫的重要原因。結(jié)語部分闡述馬克思主義與農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)相結(jié)合的現(xiàn)實(shí)啟示,提出運(yùn)用馬克思主義改造農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)是一個(gè)長期的過程,是堅(jiān)持和發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的內(nèi)在需要;促進(jìn)馬克思主義對(duì)農(nóng)民文化傳統(tǒng)的改造融合是協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局的文化支撐,是構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀的精神資源。通過上述問題的解決,探尋馬克思主義中國化早期的歷史過程,展現(xiàn)其中的曲折性和復(fù)雜性,揭示馬克思主義中國化在理論和實(shí)踐層面的運(yùn)行軌跡和內(nèi)在規(guī)律,為今天的中國特色社會(huì)主義建設(shè)提供借鑒和啟示。
[Abstract]:The Sinicization of Marx's doctrine has always been a hot topic in the academic circles. In recent years, a large number of fine and excellent works have emerged in the process of the Sinicization of Marx doctrine, experience, enlightenment, law, theoretical results, the party's leading figures and the relationship between the Communist International and the Sinicization of Marx doctrine. However, the research on the existing achievements The field of view focuses on the research on the macro level of process, experience, law and so on, and the research in the micro field is weak; the research on the whole process is rather weak; the research on the contribution of the party and its leaders is rather weak; the research on the role of the people is relatively weak; it emphasizes the political, economic and social aspects. The study of the party's research on the inheritance and development of Chinese traditional culture in the ideological and cultural field is relatively weak. It emphasizes the interpretation of the combination of Marx doctrine and Chinese traditional culture, especially the Confucian culture and elite culture, and is still relatively weak in the study of the combination of Marx doctrine and the cultural tradition of farmers. It has a different status and significance. Modern China is a country with small farmers and sea, farmers occupy the vast majority of the population, and the economic basis for thousands of years is simple agricultural production. The political structure of the state is to maintain the feudal model of the agricultural society. In such a society, the peasants are the most. The main groups, they live in a limited circle of life according to the unchanging traditions of generations and generations. For them, the tradition is the authority. Therefore, it is impossible to understand China's national conditions, history and China itself without understanding the rural and farmers of China. In view of this, this article is intended to be in the cultural tradition of farmers and in Marx's doctrine. The interaction of nationalism is the center, the crisis of the modern peasant cultural tradition and the exclusion of Marx's, and the process of the transformation of the peasant cultural tradition with Marx doctrine after the founding of the Communist Party of China, and the analysis of the early history of Marx's main meaning of China from the Perspective of farmers' cultural tradition from the micro level (1921-1937). It shows that the revolutionary consciousness has infiltrated into the countryside, the Marx doctrine and the peasant life practice, the process of winning the peasant identity by the Communist Party of China, exploring the experiences and lessons, and providing reference and inspiration for promoting the Chinese modernization of Marx doctrine and strengthening the ideological construction of the peasants. This article is composed of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction is to the study A brief summary of meaning, content, thought, method and innovation. The main body of the text is the main part of the article. It is divided into five chapters. The conclusion is a summary of the overall character of the article. The main views of the full text are as follows: the first chapter expounds the confusion of the rural and peasant cultural tradition in modern China in reality and the exploration of the living situation of the peasants in modern China and the thousands of years in the peasants. The accumulation of spontaneous cultural tradition shows the situation of rural areas after the 1840, the living situation of farmers, the analysis of the conditions and basic characteristics of the generation of farmers' cultural tradition, the impact of the fierce social turbulence on the cultural tradition of the peasants and the resistance of the peasantry. The second chapter discusses the peasants to Marx in the early stage of the Marx doctrine in China. When the efforts of the peasants trying to save the country failed, the peasants chose to stick to the tradition and do nothing. When Marx and the revolutionary thought spread out in the middle of the intellectuals in the city, they lived a self-sufficient and isolated life. The farmers were closed for a long time because of the cultural differences between China and the West. In the third chapter, the third chapter describes the transformation of Marx's cultural tradition to the peasants. The third chapter describes the transformation of the cultural tradition of the peasants to the Chinese Communist Party. The Communist Party of China transferred the work center to agriculture. After the village, it abandoned the wrong way of neglecting the peasants, faced with the peasants' demands, the traditional ideas of the peasants, the peasants' cultural psychology, and the farmers' political consciousness and revolutionary consciousness, and the peasants became more and more aware of the farmers' land demand, the flexible treatment of the farmer's superstitious ideas, the encouragement of the peasants' revolutionary tradition and the strengthening of the peasants' ideological education. The main source of the Red Army, the most reliable Confederate army of the proletariat, the main force of the construction of the base area, the solid dependence of the war of resistance and liberation. The fourth chapter mainly demonstrates the integration and interaction of the Marx doctrine and the cultural tradition of the peasants and its mechanism and characteristics. The cultural tradition of the peasants has been reformed and promoted by the baptism of Marx doctrine. The integration of Kyth doctrine in the combination with the cultural tradition of farmers has also achieved innovative development. This integration is the essence of the openness of Marx doctrine, the excellent tradition of Chinese culture and the common effect of the same similarity between the Marx doctrine and the farmers' cultural tradition. The fifth chapter is the summary of Marx doctrine in the perspective of the cultural tradition of the peasants. The experience and lessons of the early practice of nationalism. From a historical review, it is concluded that the Sinicization of Marx doctrine is driven by the Communist Party of China and the masses of the people, and the peasants are an important force among them; the transformation of the cultural tradition of farmers is an important prerequisite for the Sinicization of Marx doctrine, and the correct treatment of Marx's doctrine is the key to the Sinicization of Marx. Key; insisting on problem orientation is the basic way to realize the integration of Marx's and Chinese farmers' cultural traditions; the unthorough transformation of the traditional peasant culture is the important reason for the setback of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine. The concluding part expounds the actual revelation of the combination of Marx doctrine and the cultural tradition of farmers, and puts forward the transformation of farmers with Marx doctrine. The cultural tradition is a long-term process, which is the internal need to adhere to and develop the socialism with Chinese characteristics; to promote the transformation and integration of Marx's cultural tradition to the peasants is the cultural support for the coordinated promotion of "four comprehensive" strategic layout and the spiritual resources for building the core values of socialism. The early historical process of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine reveals its zigzag and complexity, and reveals the running track and internal law of the Sinicization of Marx in theory and practice, and provides reference and inspiration for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D61
，

本文編號(hào)：1961048