本文選題：永濟(jì)市農(nóng)村留守老人 + 養(yǎng)老成本��； 參考：《山西財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：長久以來城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和戶籍制度、傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老觀念的制約都在客觀上促使農(nóng)村留守老人這一特殊群體的產(chǎn)生。農(nóng)村留守老人低養(yǎng)老金和有限勞動收入與不斷增加的養(yǎng)老支出的矛盾成為中國農(nóng)村留守老人面臨的主要問題,解決農(nóng)村留守老人生活照料缺失、醫(yī)療保障弱功能、社區(qū)養(yǎng)老滯后發(fā)展這些養(yǎng)老保障難題顯得尤為迫切。對農(nóng)村留守老人提供養(yǎng)老保障,符合需求理論、人權(quán)理論、基本公共服務(wù)均等化等理論基本要求。我國現(xiàn)行的城鄉(xiāng)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險制度、新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療保險制度、農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度和老年人社會優(yōu)撫制度等,為農(nóng)村老年人口,包括留守老人提供了基本的制度保障。山西省運城市農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)有一定的基礎(chǔ),其中運城市所轄的永濟(jì)市具有一定的代表性。以永濟(jì)市農(nóng)村為例,采用問卷調(diào)查、個體訪談等方法,研究農(nóng)村留守老人的養(yǎng)老保障情況,有助于進(jìn)一步完善農(nóng)村的養(yǎng)老保障制度。從永濟(jì)市樣本地區(qū)留守老人的年齡、性別等基本概況看,目前多數(shù)留守老人同配偶一起生活或獨居,缺乏子女的生活照料;多數(shù)留守老人身體健康狀況一般,常見病能夠得到基本治療,但有些突發(fā)疾病得不到及時的醫(yī)療救治,醫(yī)療保險補(bǔ)償比例也不高。留守老人的收入主要來源于個人勞動、子女贍養(yǎng)、養(yǎng)老金收入等政府補(bǔ)貼三方面;留守老人的養(yǎng)老成本主要包括日常基本生活支出、醫(yī)療費用支出和其他支出三方面。從收支情況看,養(yǎng)老支出與養(yǎng)老收入之間低水平平衡。綜合留守老人的基本生活、身體健康及醫(yī)療狀況、精神慰藉、養(yǎng)老收支狀況等方面現(xiàn)狀分析,永濟(jì)市農(nóng)村留守老人養(yǎng)老存在生活照料缺失、醫(yī)療保障功能較弱、社區(qū)養(yǎng)老發(fā)展滯后等問題。造成這些問題的主要原因是農(nóng)村傳統(tǒng)家庭養(yǎng)老作用的衰減、農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老建設(shè)的滯后、政府基本社會保障制度的不完善等。綜合留守老人在養(yǎng)老方面所面臨的問題,應(yīng)對這一群體的養(yǎng)老給予高度重視。從完善新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險制度、強(qiáng)化農(nóng)村家庭養(yǎng)老保障功能、支持農(nóng)村社區(qū)養(yǎng)老等多方面采取措施,促進(jìn)農(nóng)村所有老年人有尊嚴(yán)的養(yǎng)老。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas, the household registration system and the restriction of traditional rural old-age concept have objectively promoted the emergence of a special group of rural left-behind elderly people. The contradiction between low old-age pension and limited labor income and increasing old-age expenditure in rural areas has become the main problem facing the rural left-behind elderly, which solves the lack of care for the rural left-behind elderly and the weak function of medical security. It is particularly urgent for community pension to lag behind the development of these old-age security problems. Providing old-age security for the rural left-behind elderly conforms to the basic requirements of demand theory, human rights theory, equalization of basic public services, and so on. The current social old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, the new rural cooperative medical insurance system, the rural minimum living security system and the social preferential pension system for the elderly are the rural elderly population. Including the elderly left behind to provide the basic system of security. The rural economy of Yuncheng city of Shanxi Province has a certain foundation, in which Yongji City, which is under the jurisdiction of Yuncheng City, has certain representativeness. Taking Yongji rural area as an example, this paper studies the old-age security situation of the rural left-behind elderly by means of questionnaire investigation and individual interview, which is helpful to further improve the old-age security system in rural areas. From the basic survey of the age and sex of the elderly left behind in the sample area of Yongji City, at present, most of the left-behind elderly people live or live alone with their spouses and lack the life care of their children; most of the left-behind elderly people are in general physical health. Common diseases can get basic treatment, but some sudden diseases can not get timely medical treatment, and the proportion of medical insurance compensation is not high. The income of the left-behind elderly mainly comes from three aspects, such as personal labor, child support, pension income and so on, while the old-age care cost of the left-behind elderly mainly includes three aspects: daily basic living expenses, medical expenses and other expenses. From the income and expenditure situation, pension expenditure and pension income between the low level of balance. Based on the analysis of the basic life, physical health and medical condition, mental comfort, income and expenditure of the aged, it is found that there is a lack of care for the elderly in Yongji rural areas, and the function of medical security is weak. Community pension development lags behind and so on. The main causes of these problems are the decline of the traditional family pension function in rural areas, the lagging of the rural community pension construction, the imperfection of the basic social security system of the government, and so on. In order to pay more attention to the aged, the elderly who stay behind should pay more attention to the problems they are facing in providing for the aged. Measures should be taken to improve the new rural old-age insurance system, strengthen the function of rural family old-age security, and support the rural community to provide for the aged, so as to promote all the elderly in rural areas to have a dignified pension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D669.6

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本文編號：1951938