本文選題：馬克思主義 + 人的全面發(fā)展�。� 參考：《江南大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：一個國家的殘疾人發(fā)展水平直接反映了這個國家的社會文明以及和諧的程度。殘疾人的發(fā)展問題不單是殘疾人本身的問題，而且也是關(guān)系到國家整體發(fā)展的社會問題。重視殘疾人問題，促進殘疾人全面發(fā)展，讓殘疾人與健全人具有同等的發(fā)展機遇，體現(xiàn)了我國社會主義制度的本質(zhì)要求，，是踐行社會主義核心價值觀的具體表現(xiàn)。殘疾人作為一個特殊人群，他們需求的差異性和多樣性決定了殘疾人的全面發(fā)展既具有普遍性，同樣也具有特殊性。同時，我國殘疾人發(fā)展過程中也有很多不足。由于生理或者心理上的缺陷，以及普遍存在的歧視現(xiàn)象和種種障礙，當前我國殘疾人在接受教育、就業(yè)、社會參與等方面仍然面臨著諸多的障礙和困難，需求及社會關(guān)系相對簡單，不能很好地融入到正常的社會生活中。 殘疾人與健全人一樣是社會的組成部分，理應(yīng)具備平等的發(fā)展權(quán)利。馬克思主義理論立足于歷史與現(xiàn)實，堅持理論與實踐相結(jié)合，雖然人的全面發(fā)展是一個長期的過程，是人的一個理想狀態(tài)，但是，按照馬克思主義實踐性的要求，可以由不同的歷史發(fā)展時期的具體現(xiàn)實賦予其特殊的階段性特征，并且通過一定的途徑得以實現(xiàn)。對于殘疾人而言，根據(jù)當前我國的實際情況，現(xiàn)階段的全面發(fā)展就是指殘疾人的各項權(quán)益得到尊重和保障，擺脫生活困境，提高自身素質(zhì)，參與社會活動，促進殘疾人自身多方面的發(fā)展，從而實現(xiàn)自身價值，使殘疾人的發(fā)展水平與整個社會相適應(yīng)。 針對殘疾人全面發(fā)展的問題研究是人的全面發(fā)展問題的深入，是新的時代賦予馬克思主義人的全面發(fā)展思想的新的實踐內(nèi)容。馬克思從人的本質(zhì)出發(fā)，探討了人的發(fā)展途徑，可以作為研究殘疾人的全面發(fā)展問題的理論基礎(chǔ)。對殘疾人全面發(fā)展的研究是在闡述當代中國殘疾人的基本特征及發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了我國殘疾人發(fā)展過程在文化程度、就業(yè)率、心理承受力、社會關(guān)系及社會化程度普遍偏低等整體存在的問題，并從各個具體方面分析了造成這些問題的主要原因。在具體論述的前提下得以對當今我國殘疾人的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進行整體性的了解。并且從時代的、實踐的角度，以馬克思主義人的全面發(fā)展思想及殘疾人相關(guān)理論為指導,就殘疾人的全面發(fā)展問題，分別從黨和政府、社區(qū)、家庭及殘疾人自身四個方面相對應(yīng)地提出了完善相關(guān)制度及政策、規(guī)范社區(qū)管理及有效利用社區(qū)資源、重視家庭引導、發(fā)揮自身主觀能動性等一系列合理有效的途徑和措施。
[Abstract]:A country's level of development of the disabled directly reflects the country's social civilization and the degree of harmony. The development of the disabled is not only a problem of the disabled themselves, but also a social problem related to the overall development of the country. Paying attention to the problem of the disabled, promoting the all-round development of the disabled, making the disabled and the able-bodied have the same opportunities for development, embodies the essential requirements of our socialist system, and is the concrete manifestation of practicing the socialist core values. As a special group, the difference and diversity of the needs of the disabled determine that the all-round development of the disabled has both universality and particularity. At the same time, there are also many deficiencies in the development of disabled people in China. Due to their physical or psychological defects, as well as the widespread discrimination and various obstacles, the disabled in our country still face many obstacles and difficulties in receiving education, employment, social participation, etc. Demand and social relations are relatively simple and can not be well integrated into normal social life. The disabled, like the healthy, are an integral part of society and should have equal rights to development. Marxist theory is based on history and reality, and insists on the combination of theory and practice. Although the all-round development of human beings is a long-term process and an ideal state of human beings, according to the practical requirements of Marxism, It can be endowed with special stage characteristics by the specific reality of different historical development periods, and can be realized through certain ways. For the disabled, according to the actual situation in our country, the comprehensive development at this stage means that the rights and interests of the disabled are respected and protected, they can get out of the predicament of life, improve their own quality, and participate in social activities. To promote the development of the disabled in various aspects, thus realizing their own value, so that the level of development of the disabled can adapt to the whole society. The study on the comprehensive development of the disabled is the deepening of the all-round development of human beings, and the new practical content of the comprehensive development thought of Marxism endowed by the new era. Starting from the essence of man, Marx discussed the way of human development, which can be used as the theoretical basis for studying the problem of the all-round development of the disabled. The research on the all-round development of the disabled is based on the elaboration of the basic characteristics and the present situation of the development of the disabled in contemporary China, and the analysis of the development process of the disabled in our country in terms of the educational level, employment rate, psychological endurance. The problems of social relations and socialization are generally low, and the main causes of these problems are analyzed from various aspects. On the premise of specific discussion, we can understand the present situation of disabled people in our country. And from the perspective of the times and practice, under the guidance of the Marxist thought of all-round development of human beings and the relevant theories of the disabled, on the issue of the all-round development of the disabled, the Party, the government, the community, The four aspects of family and disabled people put forward a series of reasonable and effective ways and measures, such as perfecting relevant systems and policies, standardizing community management and utilizing community resources effectively, paying attention to family guidance, giving play to their own subjective initiative and so on.
【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D669.69

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