本文選題：民國(guó)　切入點(diǎn)：普思沿邊　出處：《云南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：1913年初,普思沿邊成立了自納入中央版圖后的第一個(gè)流官機(jī)構(gòu)—-普思沿邊行政總局。在《治邊十二條》、《十三章程》、《改組辦法》等治邊方案的指導(dǎo)下,柯樹(shù)勛總局長(zhǎng)帶領(lǐng)治邊行政人員們開(kāi)發(fā)、建設(shè)普思沿邊,進(jìn)行了一系列的改革。改革的內(nèi)容包括政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、外交、社會(huì)風(fēng)俗、教育、司法等方面。改革將與普思沿邊傳統(tǒng)迥異的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等因素引入邊地,掀起了十二版納近代化進(jìn)程的序幕。本文首先闡述柯樹(shù)勛的治邊方案,通過(guò)對(duì)比史料,厘清《治邊十二條》的源起,糾正《版納文史資料選輯》的錯(cuò)誤記載,并比較《治邊十二條》《十三章程》《各猛行政漢土官弁目擬定辦事規(guī)則》的異同。然后說(shuō)明邊地改革的部分內(nèi)容。金融改革方面,普思沿邊通過(guò)與昆明造幣分廠兌換銅銀各幣、設(shè)立富滇銀行車?yán)锓中邪l(fā)行紙幣,將普思沿邊的經(jīng)濟(jì)納入了云南省的經(jīng)濟(jì)圈內(nèi)。在司法改革方面,局長(zhǎng)“兼理司法”,內(nèi)容包括：推行新法；采用新的狀紙和審判詞,遴選執(zhí)法人員,新設(shè)法庭和監(jiān)獄。但是由于邊地習(xí)慣法的強(qiáng)大習(xí)慣性,以及缺少專業(yè)的司法人員等,邊地司法改革陷入困境中。改革是一個(gè)雙向互動(dòng)的過(guò)程,從土司的回應(yīng)看,土司雖然一定程度與流官合作,但是也利用邊地瘴氣嚴(yán)重易造成人員傷亡；土漢間文化、語(yǔ)言的差異,甚至是武裝反抗?jié)h官改革。從邊民的回應(yīng)看,呈現(xiàn)了抗拒、不滿的情緒,或接受漢官改革。 即便如此,民國(guó)時(shí)期,普思沿邊各方面的改革還是取得了不少的進(jìn)步。因此,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)在自然條件惡劣、社會(huì)情況復(fù)雜條件下工作的治邊行政人員們給予適當(dāng)?shù)脑u(píng)價(jià)。20世紀(jì)30年代以前,云南省沒(méi)有形成完整的治邊行政人員管理規(guī)章。我們只能從報(bào)刊、檔案等零碎的資料中梳理部分治邊行政人員的更替情況,制表說(shuō)明普思沿邊行政總局時(shí)期各局的人事規(guī)劃、變更。從治邊行政人員的任命、在職管理、培訓(xùn)、獎(jiǎng)懲、撫恤方面看這一時(shí)期治邊行政人員的任職情況,并總結(jié)該時(shí)期治邊行政人員任職的特點(diǎn)：編制精簡(jiǎn)、設(shè)有特殊崗位、集多項(xiàng)職能為一體。普思沿邊這種近代化的歷程,可以稱之為近代化的“沿陸地邊疆型”,區(qū)別于“沿海型”、“中部型”、“內(nèi)地型”,具有鮮明的時(shí)代和地域特色,是中國(guó)近代化進(jìn)程中不可忽視的力量。
[Abstract]:In early 1913, the first official agency, the General Administration of the Frontier, was established by Perth since it was incorporated into the central territory.Under the guidance of the "Twelve articles of Governance", "Thirteenth articles of Association" and "methods of reorganization", Director General Ke Shu-hsun led the administrative staff of the border administration to develop and build a series of reforms along the edge of the border.The reform includes political, economic, diplomatic, social customs, education, justice and so on.The reform introduced the political, economic and cultural factors which are different from the traditional ones in the border areas, and raised the prologue of the modernization process of the twelve banners.This paper first expounds Ke Shu-xun 's plan to rule the border, by comparing historical data, to clarify the origin of "the Twelve articles of ruling Border", and to correct the erroneous records of the selected Collection of Literary and Historical Materials of Banna.And compare the similarities and differences of "the twelve articles of government" < 13 articles of association] < the preamble of each fierce administration of Han Dynasty to draw up the rules for handling affairs.Then explain some of the contents of the border area reform.In the aspect of financial reform, by exchanging copper and silver coins with Kunming Mint Factory and setting up a branch of Fudian Bank to issue banknotes, Purse brought the economy along the border into the economic circle of Yunnan Province.In the area of judicial reform, the Director of Justice has "juxtaposed justice", which includes the introduction of new laws, the introduction of new papers and trial terms, the selection of law enforcement officers, the establishment of new courts and prisons.However, due to the strong habit of border customary law and the lack of professional judicial personnel, the border judicial reform is in difficulty.The reform is a two-way interactive process. From the perspective of the Tusi's response, although the Tusi cooperates with the officials to a certain extent, it also makes use of the frontier miasma to cause serious casualties, and the cultural and linguistic differences between the two peoples.Even armed resistance to Han government reform.From the response of the border people, showing resistance, dissatisfaction, or accept the reform of Han officials.Even so, in the period of the Republic of China, the reform along the border still made a lot of progress.Therefore, we should give proper evaluation to the administrative staff who work under the bad natural conditions and complicated social conditions. Before the 1930s, Yunnan Province did not form the complete administrative rules and regulations.We can only sort out the turnover of some administrative personnel from newspapers, archives and other piecemeal materials, and make tables to illustrate the personnel planning and changes of the various bureaus in the period of the General Administration of Precious Border Administration.From the aspects of appointment, on-the-job management, training, rewards and punishment, and compassionate aspects of the administrative staff, the paper summarizes the characteristics of the administrative personnel in this period: the establishment of a streamlined, with special posts,A collection of multiple functions into one.The process of modernization along the edge of Pushi can be called "land border type", which is different from "coastal type", "middle type" and "inland type".It is a force that cannot be ignored in the process of modernization of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D693;K258

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