本文關(guān)鍵詞：陜西省農(nóng)村留守老人心理狀況研究　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：隨著我國城市化和工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的加快,為了獲得更好的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入,剩余的農(nóng)村青壯年勞動力大量地向城市遷移,但受到各種主客觀因素(如經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力和文化差異等)的制約,他們不得不將年邁的父母留在家中,這樣便出現(xiàn)了農(nóng)村留守老人群體。由于進(jìn)入晚年,老人的身體機(jī)能衰退,生活自理能力減弱,而且在發(fā)展落后的農(nóng)村地區(qū),社會保障制度不夠完善,因此,農(nóng)村留守老人面臨著很大的生活困境(如經(jīng)濟(jì)供養(yǎng)不足,生活照料缺失和情感慰藉缺乏等)。近年來,隨著農(nóng)村青壯年人口流動的加速發(fā)展,農(nóng)村留守老人正日益成為一個(gè)龐大的社會弱勢群體,而且成為了社會關(guān)注和學(xué)者研究的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)對象。已有的研究更多的是對農(nóng)村留守老人物質(zhì)和精神生活的研究,而對其心理狀況的研究相對不足。本研究從心理健康的視角出發(fā),對陜西省農(nóng)村留守老人的心理狀況做進(jìn)行了盡可能全面的客觀的實(shí)證研究。在本研究中,筆者以社會公平正義理論、社會支持理論、馬斯洛需要層次理論和馬克思主義的終極關(guān)懷理論等為理論基礎(chǔ)。本研究采用了文獻(xiàn)分析法、問卷調(diào)查法和訪談法,用SPSS13.0數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件對調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了科學(xué)的統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,為整個(gè)研究提供了重要的數(shù)據(jù)資料。通過心理狀況比較分析發(fā)現(xiàn),我省農(nóng)村留守老人的孤獨(dú)感、失落感、焦慮感、心理壓力、情感慰藉、生活滿意度和主觀幸福感等心理狀況在地區(qū)、性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、健康狀況、子女?dāng)?shù)量和居住方式7個(gè)維度上均存在不同程度的差異表現(xiàn)。通過心理狀況與影響因素的相關(guān)分析和回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn),人口流動、社會交往、物質(zhì)生活水平、家庭支持、健康狀況、婚姻狀況、文化水平、生活心態(tài)等8個(gè)影響因素均與我省農(nóng)村留守老人心理狀況呈現(xiàn)顯著相關(guān)性,而且各個(gè)影響因素對農(nóng)村留守老人的心理狀況各個(gè)維度都有顯著的預(yù)測作用。因此要改善農(nóng)村留守老人的心理狀況,需要政府、社會、農(nóng)村基層和老人群體的攜手努力。本研究旨在提升農(nóng)村留守老人的生活質(zhì)量,促進(jìn)社會的和諧穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization in China, in order to obtain better economic income, the remaining rural youth labor force migrated to the city in large numbers. However, restricted by various subjective and objective factors (such as economic pressure and cultural differences), they have to leave their elderly parents at home, so that there will be a group of the elderly left behind in rural areas. The physical functions of the elderly are declining, the ability to take care of themselves is weakened, and the social security system is not perfect in the rural areas where the development is backward. The rural left-behind elderly people are faced with great living difficulties (such as insufficient economic support, lack of life care and lack of emotional comfort, etc.) in recent years, with the rapid development of rural youth population mobility. The elderly left behind in rural areas are increasingly becoming a huge social vulnerable group. And has become a hot topic of social concern and scholars. The existing research is more on the material and spiritual life of the elderly left behind in rural areas. From the perspective of mental health, this study makes as comprehensive an objective and empirical study as possible on the psychological status of the rural left-behind elderly in Shaanxi Province. Based on the theory of social equity and justice, social support theory, Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and Marxist ultimate care theory, this study adopts the method of literature analysis, questionnaire survey and interview. SPSS13.0 data processing software was used to carry out scientific statistics and analysis of the survey data, which provided important data for the whole study. The loneliness, loss, anxiety, psychological pressure, emotional comfort, life satisfaction and subjective well-being of the elderly left behind in rural areas in the region, sex, age, marital status, health status. Through the correlation analysis and regression analysis of psychological status and influencing factors, we found that population mobility, social interaction, material living standard. Family support, health status, marital status, education level, life mentality and other eight factors were significantly related to the psychological status of the rural left-behind elderly in our province. And each influencing factor has significant predictive effect on the psychological condition of the rural left-behind elderly people. Therefore, to improve the psychological status of the rural left-behind elderly people, the government and society are needed. The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of life of the elderly left behind in rural areas and to promote the harmonious and stable development of the society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D422.6;D669.6

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