電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜法檢測(cè)皮膚電流損傷中金屬元素研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-11 23:28
【摘要】：目的:通過動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)建立電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)檢測(cè)電流損傷皮膚金屬化的方法,探討甲醛固定液對(duì)ICP-MS檢測(cè)電流損傷皮膚金屬化的影響,最終建立ICP-MS檢測(cè)人體電流損傷皮膚金屬化的方法。 方法:實(shí)驗(yàn)一新西蘭大白兔24只,隨機(jī)分為銅電擊組、鐵電擊組、鋁電擊組,每組8只。電極一極固定于左后肢,另一極固定于左前肢,建立電擊模型;利用黃銅、紫銅、鋁、鐵電極材料在220V交流電下電擊,提取電擊部位皮膚及右后肢相應(yīng)部位皮膚作為對(duì)照;利用ICP-MS對(duì)皮膚樣本中金屬元素進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。實(shí)驗(yàn)二新西蘭大白兔32只,隨機(jī)分為黃銅電擊組、鐵電擊組,每組16只,每組各自隨機(jī)分兩亞組,每個(gè)亞組8只,一組甲醛溶液固定1周,一組甲醛溶液固定6個(gè)月。電擊模型同實(shí)驗(yàn)一。利用黃銅、鐵電極材料以220V交流電下電擊,提取電擊部位皮膚以及右后肢相應(yīng)部位皮膚作對(duì)照;電擊部位皮膚分為兩份,一份直接用于ICP-MS檢測(cè),一份于甲醛溶液固定后進(jìn)行ICP-MS檢測(cè)。實(shí)驗(yàn)三收集8例電擊死亡案例。沿電流損傷皮膚邊緣提取皮膚,同時(shí)提取遠(yuǎn)離電擊部位的皮膚作為對(duì)照;提取皮膚分為兩份,一份應(yīng)用ICP-MS檢測(cè),一份用于制作組織病理學(xué)切片。 結(jié)果:實(shí)驗(yàn)一黃銅電擊組皮膚中的Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb含量升高(P0.05),紫銅電擊組皮膚中的Cr、Cu、Pb含量升高(P0.05),鋁電擊組皮膚中的Al、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Pb含量升高(P0.05),鐵電擊組皮膚中的Cr、Mn、Fe、Ni含量升高(P0.05)。不同電極材料電擊后皮膚中金屬元素種類及含量也存在明顯差異。 實(shí)驗(yàn)二與對(duì)照組皮膚比較,黃銅組皮膚中檢測(cè)出Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb含量升高(P0.05);固定1周、6個(gè)月后仍可檢測(cè)出Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb成分,其中Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb含量電擊組與固定組差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。與對(duì)照組比較,鐵電擊后皮膚中檢測(cè)出Fe、Cr、Mn、Ni元素含量升高(P0.05);固定組(1周、6個(gè)月)后Fe、Cr、Ni元素含量與電擊組差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 實(shí)驗(yàn)三案例1~4為案情明確且電流斑組織病理學(xué)診斷明確的電擊傷。案例1中Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb元素含量顯著增加,案例2中以Mn、Fe、Cu、Pb元素含量顯著增加,案例3中以Mn、Fe、Ni、Pb元素含量顯著增加,案例4中以Mn、Ni、Pb元素含量明顯增加。 案例5~6為案情不明但組織病理學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)可疑電流斑,其中案例5中Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb元素含量明顯增加,案例6中為Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Pb元素含量明顯增加。 案例7現(xiàn)場(chǎng)提取的可疑電極材料檢測(cè)出的主要金屬元素為Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb,本案例中電擊皮膚中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb元素含量顯著增加。案例8現(xiàn)場(chǎng)提取的可疑電極材料檢測(cè)出的主要金屬元素為Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Pb,電擊皮膚中Co、Cu、Pb元素含量明顯增加。 結(jié)論:ICP-MS可作為檢測(cè)電流損傷皮膚金屬化的有效方法,并可為觸電材料的推斷提供依據(jù)。電擊后皮膚經(jīng)甲醛溶液固定后,仍可應(yīng)用ICP-MS進(jìn)行皮膚金屬化檢測(cè)。
[Abstract]:Aim: to establish an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS) method for detecting metallizing of current-damaged skin by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS), to explore the effect of formaldehyde fixation solution on the detection of metallizing of current-damaged skin by ICP-MS, and finally to establish a method for detecting metallizing of current-damaged skin by ICP-MS. Methods: twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into copper shock group, ferroelectric shock group and aluminum shock group with 8 rabbits in each group. The electrode was fixed to the left hindlimb and the other to the left forelimb to establish the electric shock model. Using brass, copper, aluminum and iron electrode materials under 220V AC electric shock, the skin of the electric shock site and the corresponding part of the right hindlimb were extracted as control, and the metal elements in the skin samples were detected by ICP-MS. In experiment 2, 32 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into brass shock group (n = 16) and ferroelectric shock group (n = 16). Each group was randomly divided into two subgroup groups with 8 rabbits in each subgroup. One group was fixed with formaldehyde solution for 1 week and the other group was fixed with formaldehyde solution for 6 months. The electric shock model is the same as experiment I. Brass and iron electrode materials were used to extract the skin of the electric shock site and the skin of the right hindlimb under 220V AC electric shock, and the skin of the electroshock site was divided into two parts, one was directly used for ICP-MS detection and the other was fixed with formaldehyde solution for ICP-MS detection. In experiment 3, 8 cases of electric shock death were collected. The skin was extracted along the edge of electric current injury and the skin away from electric shock was extracted as control. The extracted skin was divided into two parts, one was detected by ICP-MS, and the other was used to make pathological sections. Results: the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb in the skin of the brass shock group was increased (P 0.05), the content of Cr,Cu,Pb in the skin of the copper shock group was increased (P 0.05), the content of Al,Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Pb in the skin of the aluminum shock group was increased (P 0.05), and the content of Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni in the skin of the iron shock group was increased (P 0.05). There were also significant differences in the types and contents of metal elements in the skin after electric shock with different electrode materials. In the second experiment, the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb in the skin of brass group was higher than that of the control group (P 0.05), and the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb could still be detected after 1 week and 6 months of fixation, and there was no significant difference in the content of Cr,Cu,Zn,Pb between the electric shock group and the fixed group. Compared with the control group, the content of Fe,Cr,Mn,Ni in the skin increased after ferroelectric shock (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference in Fe,Cr,Ni content between the fixed group (1 week, 6 months) and the electric shock group. In experiment 3, case 1 / 4 was an electric shock injury with clear case and clear pathological diagnosis of current spot. The content of Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb increased significantly in case 1, Mn,Fe,Cu,Pb in case 2, Mn,Fe,Ni,Pb in case 3 and Mn,Ni,Pb in case 4. The suspicious current spot was found in case 5 / 6, in which the content of Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb element in case 5 was significantly increased, and the content of Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Pb element in case 6 was significantly increased. The main metal elements detected by suspicious electrode materials extracted in case 7 were Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,. In this case, the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb in electric shock skin increased significantly. In case 8, the main metal elements detected by suspicious electrode materials extracted in the field were the content of Co,Cu,Pb in the skin of Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Pb, electric shock. Conclusion: ICP-MS can be used as an effective method to detect metallizing of skin damaged by current, and can provide basis for inference of electric shock materials. After electric shock, the skin can still be metallized by ICP-MS after fixed with formaldehyde solution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D919.4
本文編號(hào)：2497548
[Abstract]:Aim: to establish an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS) method for detecting metallizing of current-damaged skin by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS), to explore the effect of formaldehyde fixation solution on the detection of metallizing of current-damaged skin by ICP-MS, and finally to establish a method for detecting metallizing of current-damaged skin by ICP-MS. Methods: twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into copper shock group, ferroelectric shock group and aluminum shock group with 8 rabbits in each group. The electrode was fixed to the left hindlimb and the other to the left forelimb to establish the electric shock model. Using brass, copper, aluminum and iron electrode materials under 220V AC electric shock, the skin of the electric shock site and the corresponding part of the right hindlimb were extracted as control, and the metal elements in the skin samples were detected by ICP-MS. In experiment 2, 32 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into brass shock group (n = 16) and ferroelectric shock group (n = 16). Each group was randomly divided into two subgroup groups with 8 rabbits in each subgroup. One group was fixed with formaldehyde solution for 1 week and the other group was fixed with formaldehyde solution for 6 months. The electric shock model is the same as experiment I. Brass and iron electrode materials were used to extract the skin of the electric shock site and the skin of the right hindlimb under 220V AC electric shock, and the skin of the electroshock site was divided into two parts, one was directly used for ICP-MS detection and the other was fixed with formaldehyde solution for ICP-MS detection. In experiment 3, 8 cases of electric shock death were collected. The skin was extracted along the edge of electric current injury and the skin away from electric shock was extracted as control. The extracted skin was divided into two parts, one was detected by ICP-MS, and the other was used to make pathological sections. Results: the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb in the skin of the brass shock group was increased (P 0.05), the content of Cr,Cu,Pb in the skin of the copper shock group was increased (P 0.05), the content of Al,Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Pb in the skin of the aluminum shock group was increased (P 0.05), and the content of Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni in the skin of the iron shock group was increased (P 0.05). There were also significant differences in the types and contents of metal elements in the skin after electric shock with different electrode materials. In the second experiment, the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb in the skin of brass group was higher than that of the control group (P 0.05), and the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb could still be detected after 1 week and 6 months of fixation, and there was no significant difference in the content of Cr,Cu,Zn,Pb between the electric shock group and the fixed group. Compared with the control group, the content of Fe,Cr,Mn,Ni in the skin increased after ferroelectric shock (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference in Fe,Cr,Ni content between the fixed group (1 week, 6 months) and the electric shock group. In experiment 3, case 1 / 4 was an electric shock injury with clear case and clear pathological diagnosis of current spot. The content of Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb increased significantly in case 1, Mn,Fe,Cu,Pb in case 2, Mn,Fe,Ni,Pb in case 3 and Mn,Ni,Pb in case 4. The suspicious current spot was found in case 5 / 6, in which the content of Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb element in case 5 was significantly increased, and the content of Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Pb element in case 6 was significantly increased. The main metal elements detected by suspicious electrode materials extracted in case 7 were Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,. In this case, the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb in electric shock skin increased significantly. In case 8, the main metal elements detected by suspicious electrode materials extracted in the field were the content of Co,Cu,Pb in the skin of Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Pb, electric shock. Conclusion: ICP-MS can be used as an effective method to detect metallizing of skin damaged by current, and can provide basis for inference of electric shock materials. After electric shock, the skin can still be metallized by ICP-MS after fixed with formaldehyde solution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D919.4
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