警察濫用行政強(qiáng)制措施內(nèi)部防范機(jī)制研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-19 13:40
【摘要】：行政強(qiáng)制措施是警察為了實現(xiàn)有效的行政管理所必不可少的手段和經(jīng)常使用的措施，對警察行政目的的實現(xiàn)發(fā)揮了非常重要的作用；尤其是在需要行政相對人配合但是行政相對人不配合的情況下賦予警察強(qiáng)制的權(quán)力以保證行政目的的實現(xiàn)�？墒窃诂F(xiàn)實環(huán)境下，警察行政強(qiáng)制措施的實施效果卻不盡如人意，警察違反立法目的和程序規(guī)定的情況不時見諸于報端,有時還引起行政訴訟。從某種程度上來說，警察組織對行政強(qiáng)制措施的濫用已經(jīng)成為了警察權(quán)力濫用，甚至行政權(quán)力濫用的“重災(zāi)區(qū)”。警察行政強(qiáng)制措施是以犧牲或限制行政相對人的權(quán)益為代價換取警察行政目的的實現(xiàn)。所以一旦被濫用，對行政相對人的權(quán)益、社會和諧和我國法制化進(jìn)程都會造成極大的損害。這里就產(chǎn)生了一個矛盾：一方面，警察行政強(qiáng)制措施在警察行政管理過程中發(fā)揮的巨大作用；另一方面，其極其容易被濫用且現(xiàn)實中也確實發(fā)生了種種濫用；故此，如何合法、準(zhǔn)確地實施警察行政強(qiáng)制措施以符合依法行政的要求是當(dāng)前擺在警察組織面前的一個問題。 雖然我們欣喜地看到，我國終于在2011年6月30日第十一屆全國人大常委會第二十一次會議通過了《中華人民共和國行政強(qiáng)制法》，但與此同時我們也應(yīng)該清醒地看到，由于該法是新近通過，警察實施過程中有時候并不能準(zhǔn)確運用，甚至有些地方繼續(xù)沿用以前不規(guī)范的做法，給行政強(qiáng)制措施的實施帶來極大的混亂。在執(zhí)法中違法、濫用行政強(qiáng)制措施以及混淆適用其他行政措施等問題表現(xiàn)得尤其突出；嚴(yán)重影響了警察行政強(qiáng)制措施功能的正常發(fā)揮。 鑒于此，本文以貼近警察實踐為目的，以濫用為切入點，在比較我國與國外警察行政強(qiáng)制措施內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對警察實踐中發(fā)生的一些真實案例進(jìn)行分類評析，歸納出當(dāng)前警察組織容易濫用行政強(qiáng)制措施和找出警察在濫用行政強(qiáng)制措施的背后所存在的的原因。并在此基礎(chǔ)上，借鑒國外在防范警察濫用行政強(qiáng)制措施方面的成果和經(jīng)驗，在肯定外部防控效果的同時，將焦點聚集于內(nèi)部防控角度，從完善激勵機(jī)制、加強(qiáng)培訓(xùn)和加強(qiáng)內(nèi)部機(jī)構(gòu)監(jiān)督等三個方面提出我國在防范警察行政強(qiáng)制措施濫用方面的設(shè)想和建議；本文試圖拋磚引玉，，以初步的探討引發(fā)對警察濫用行政強(qiáng)制措施的關(guān)注和研究，從而對防范警察濫用行政強(qiáng)制措施有所助益。
[Abstract]:Administrative coercive measures are indispensable means and measures often used by the police in order to achieve effective administrative management, and play a very important role in the realization of the administrative purpose of the police. Especially in the case of the need for the cooperation of the administrative counterpart but the lack of cooperation of the administrative counterpart, the police are given compulsory power to ensure the realization of the administrative purpose. However, in the real environment, the implementation effect of police administrative coercive measures is not satisfactory, police violations of legislative purposes and procedural provisions are seen in the newspaper from time to time, and sometimes lead to administrative litigation. To some extent, the abuse of administrative coercive measures by police organizations has become a "disaster area" of police power abuse, and even administrative power abuse. The compulsory measure of police administration is to sacrifice or limit the rights and interests of the administrative counterpart in exchange for the realization of the administrative purpose of the police. Therefore, once abused, it will cause great damage to the rights and interests of the administrative counterpart, social harmony and the process of legalization in our country. There is a contradiction here: on the one hand, the coercive measures of police administration play a great role in the process of police administration; on the other hand, they are extremely easy to be abused and do occur all kinds of abuse in reality; Therefore, how to carry out the compulsory measures of police administration legally and accurately to meet the requirements of administration according to law is a problem in front of police organizations at present. Although we are pleased to see that China finally adopted the Administrative compulsory Law of the people's Republic of China at the 21st session of the standing Committee of the 11th National people's Congress on June 30, 2011, at the same time, we should also be soberly aware of the fact that, Because the law is recently passed, the police sometimes can not be used accurately in the process of implementation, and even some places continue to follow the previous practice of non-standard, which brings great confusion to the implementation of administrative coercive measures. The problems of illegal law enforcement, abuse of administrative coercive measures and confusion and application of other administrative measures are particularly prominent, which seriously affect the normal play of the function of police administrative coercive measures. In view of this, this paper takes close to the police practice as the purpose, takes the abuse as the breakthrough point, on the basis of comparing the connotation of the police administrative coercive measures between our country and the foreign countries, through the classification and analysis of some real cases in the police practice. This paper sums up that the current police organizations are prone to abuse of administrative coercive measures and finds out the reasons behind the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police. On this basis, drawing lessons from the achievements and experience of foreign countries in preventing the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police, while confirming the effect of external prevention and control, the focus will be focused on the internal prevention and control point of view, from the improvement of the incentive mechanism. This paper puts forward some ideas and suggestions on preventing the abuse of police administrative coercive measures in our country from three aspects: strengthening training and strengthening the supervision of internal institutions. This paper attempts to draw attention to the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police in order to arouse attention and research on the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police, which is helpful to prevent the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.14;D631.1
本文編號：2480769
[Abstract]:Administrative coercive measures are indispensable means and measures often used by the police in order to achieve effective administrative management, and play a very important role in the realization of the administrative purpose of the police. Especially in the case of the need for the cooperation of the administrative counterpart but the lack of cooperation of the administrative counterpart, the police are given compulsory power to ensure the realization of the administrative purpose. However, in the real environment, the implementation effect of police administrative coercive measures is not satisfactory, police violations of legislative purposes and procedural provisions are seen in the newspaper from time to time, and sometimes lead to administrative litigation. To some extent, the abuse of administrative coercive measures by police organizations has become a "disaster area" of police power abuse, and even administrative power abuse. The compulsory measure of police administration is to sacrifice or limit the rights and interests of the administrative counterpart in exchange for the realization of the administrative purpose of the police. Therefore, once abused, it will cause great damage to the rights and interests of the administrative counterpart, social harmony and the process of legalization in our country. There is a contradiction here: on the one hand, the coercive measures of police administration play a great role in the process of police administration; on the other hand, they are extremely easy to be abused and do occur all kinds of abuse in reality; Therefore, how to carry out the compulsory measures of police administration legally and accurately to meet the requirements of administration according to law is a problem in front of police organizations at present. Although we are pleased to see that China finally adopted the Administrative compulsory Law of the people's Republic of China at the 21st session of the standing Committee of the 11th National people's Congress on June 30, 2011, at the same time, we should also be soberly aware of the fact that, Because the law is recently passed, the police sometimes can not be used accurately in the process of implementation, and even some places continue to follow the previous practice of non-standard, which brings great confusion to the implementation of administrative coercive measures. The problems of illegal law enforcement, abuse of administrative coercive measures and confusion and application of other administrative measures are particularly prominent, which seriously affect the normal play of the function of police administrative coercive measures. In view of this, this paper takes close to the police practice as the purpose, takes the abuse as the breakthrough point, on the basis of comparing the connotation of the police administrative coercive measures between our country and the foreign countries, through the classification and analysis of some real cases in the police practice. This paper sums up that the current police organizations are prone to abuse of administrative coercive measures and finds out the reasons behind the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police. On this basis, drawing lessons from the achievements and experience of foreign countries in preventing the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police, while confirming the effect of external prevention and control, the focus will be focused on the internal prevention and control point of view, from the improvement of the incentive mechanism. This paper puts forward some ideas and suggestions on preventing the abuse of police administrative coercive measures in our country from three aspects: strengthening training and strengthening the supervision of internal institutions. This paper attempts to draw attention to the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police in order to arouse attention and research on the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police, which is helpful to prevent the abuse of administrative coercive measures by the police.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.14;D631.1
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