【摘要】：司法鑒定是指在司法訴訟或準(zhǔn)司法活動中,司法鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)接受委托,對需要鑒別確定的專門技術(shù)性問題,按照法律規(guī)定,指派具有鑒定權(quán)的鑒定人進(jìn)行檢驗、鑒別和判斷的科學(xué)實證活動。司法鑒定是借助科學(xué)技術(shù)和專門知識,解決與案件有關(guān)的某些專門性問題的主要手段,它在訴訟活動中起著其他手段不可替代的特殊作用。 我國的三大訴訟法已對民事訴訟、刑事訴訟、行政訴訟作了明確而詳盡的界定和規(guī)范,而在訴訟法中對司法鑒定活動并未加以全面的規(guī)定,只是在某些條款對鑒定主體和鑒定結(jié)論提出了一些要求。各司法部門“自偵自鑒”、“自檢自鑒”、“自審自鑒”現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,影響司法公正;多頭鑒定、重復(fù)鑒定、“掛靠鑒定”、“雇請鑒定”現(xiàn)象泛濫,影響司法效率;機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置重復(fù),造成資源浪費;鑒定人員素質(zhì)參差不齊,影響鑒定質(zhì)量;管理體制部門分割,各自為陣,阻礙鑒定科學(xué)發(fā)展。現(xiàn)行司法鑒定制度的弊端,呼喚司法鑒定制度的改革,改革的目標(biāo)是通過立法,建立統(tǒng)一、科學(xué)、規(guī)范的司法鑒定體制,建立適合中國國情、與中國整個司法制度相匹配、與中國整個法制體系相交融的司法鑒定制度,司法鑒定體制的改革使司法鑒定立法成為必要。 然而,目前我國司法鑒定的現(xiàn)狀還不具備這一條件。首先,司法鑒定
[Abstract]:Judicial expertise refers to the fact that, in judicial proceedings or quasi-judicial activities, judicial expertise institutions are entrusted with the task of appointing experts with the right to identify and determine specialized technical issues that need to be identified in accordance with the provisions of the law. Scientific empirical activities of identification and judgment. Judicial identification is the main means to solve some specialized problems related to cases with the help of science and technology and expertise. It plays an irreplaceable special role in litigation activities. The three procedural laws of our country have clearly and thoroughly defined and standardized civil proceedings, criminal proceedings and administrative litigation, but there are no comprehensive provisions on judicial identification activities in the procedural law. Only in some provisions on the identification of the subject and identification conclusions put forward some requirements. The phenomena of "self-investigation and self-criticism", "self-examination and self-learning" and "self-examination and self-learning" in each judicial department are serious, which affect the judicial justice, and the phenomenon of "multiple identification, repeated appraisal," linked appraisal "and" employment appraisal "is rampant, which affects the judicial efficiency. The repeated establishment of the organization results in the waste of resources; the quality of the appraisers is uneven and affects the quality of the appraisal; the management system departments are divided into matrices, which hinders the development of appraisal science. The malpractice of the current judicial expertise system calls for the reform of the judicial expertise system. The goal of the reform is to establish a unified, scientific and standardized judicial expertise system through legislation, to establish a judicial expertise system suitable for China's national conditions, and to match the entire judicial system in China. The reform of judicial expertise system, which is integrated with the whole legal system of China, makes judicial expertise legislation necessary. However, the current situation of judicial expertise in China does not yet meet this requirement. First of all, judicial expertise.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：D918.9;D925

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 吳梅筠,吳家櫦;英國、德國、日本及美國的法醫(yī)學(xué)體制[J];中國司法鑒定;2001年02期

2 李冰;我國司法鑒定制度的完善[J];中國律師;2001年08期

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