【摘要】：勞動教養(yǎng)制度是我國特有的法律制度。它產生于我國建國初期,40多年來有其存在的歷史合理性。但隨著我國的政治經濟等方面發(fā)生的巨大變化,勞動教養(yǎng)這一行政強制措施逐步演變成為介于刑事處罰與治安行政處罰之間的一種法律制裁手段。在其演變過程中,它得到不斷強化與規(guī)范,但它作為一種限制或剝奪公民的人身自由的行政處罰的本質沒有發(fā)生改變。 現行的勞動教養(yǎng)制度由審批制度與執(zhí)行制度兩部分組成。審批權由公安機關以勞動教養(yǎng)委員會的名義行使,執(zhí)行權由司法行政部門行使。在勞動教養(yǎng)的審批、執(zhí)行過程中,存在收容審批的隨意性,程序違法嚴重,公安機關的自由裁量權過大,勞動教養(yǎng)的執(zhí)行與罪犯的勞動改造沒有明顯區(qū)別。監(jiān)督機制缺失,當事人的權利缺乏保障。產生這些問題的原因在于我國勞動教養(yǎng)制度本身設計存在的缺陷:在價值層面,勞動教養(yǎng)制度只追求秩序的建構,忽視了法治和自由、人權保障;在實體規(guī)范方面,制度內容缺乏合理性,權力必然被濫用;從法律基礎來看,它沒有法律效力。 勞動教養(yǎng)的不正當性、不合理性、不合法性成了這個制度的致命缺陷。只有廢除勞動教養(yǎng)制度,才能解決實踐中存在的問題。本文比較了勞動教養(yǎng)制度其他的改革方案,論述了勞動教養(yǎng)制度廢除的必要性與意義。廢除勞動教養(yǎng)制度,有利于我國法治國家的建設,有利于維護我國法制的統(tǒng)一,有利于我國的人權國際合作與斗爭。同時,我們還得正視廢除勞動教養(yǎng)制度的影響。 廢除勞動教養(yǎng)制度之后,為了填補制度空白,本文提出了一個替代方案,就是制定我國《違法行為矯治法》。它既有必要性,又有現實可能性。本文對《違法行為矯治法》的內容進行了具體設計。
[Abstract]:The system of reeducation through labor is a special legal system in our country. It came into being in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China for more than 40 years. However, with the great changes in the political and economic aspects of our country, the administrative coercive measure of re-education through labor has gradually evolved into a legal sanction between criminal punishment and administrative punishment of public security. In the course of its evolution, it has been constantly strengthened and standardized, but its nature as a kind of administrative punishment which restricts or deprives citizens of their personal freedom has not changed. The current system of reeducation through labor consists of the examination and approval system and the executive system. The power of examination and approval shall be exercised by the public security organ in the name of the reeducation through labor committee and the executive power by the judicial administrative department. In the examination and approval and execution of reeducation through labor, there exists the arbitrariness of accepting examination and approval, the illegal procedure is serious, the discretion of the public security organ is too large, and there is no obvious difference between the execution of reeducation through labor and the reform through labour of the criminal. The lack of supervision mechanism and the lack of protection of the rights of the parties. The causes of these problems lie in the defects in the design of our country's reeducation through labor system: at the value level, the re-education through labor system only pursues the construction of order, neglects the rule of law and freedom, guarantees human rights, and in the aspect of substantive norms, The content of the system is lack of rationality, and the power must be abused; from the legal basis, it has no legal effect. The illegality, irrationality and illegality of reeducation through labor have become the fatal defects of this system. Only by abolishing the system of reeducation through labor can the problems existing in practice be solved. This paper compares other reform schemes of reeducation through labor system, and discusses the necessity and significance of abolishing reeducation through labor system. Abolishing the system of reeducation through labor is conducive to the construction of a country ruled by law, to the unity of our legal system and to the international cooperation and struggle for human rights in our country. At the same time, we must also face up to the abolition of the impact of the system of reeducation through labor. After abolishing the system of reeducation through labor, in order to fill in the blank of the system, this paper puts forward an alternative scheme, that is, to formulate the Law of Correction of illegal acts in our country. It has both necessity and realistic possibility. This article has carried on the concrete design to the illegal behavior correction law content.
【學位授予單位】：國防科學技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：D926.8

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 楊鵬;修復式正義問題研究[D];中國政法大學;2011年

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本文編號：2240576