本文選題：少數(shù)民族 + 面部形態(tài)��； 參考：《重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 目的:觀測(cè)分析5個(gè)少數(shù)民族人群面部五官圖像信息,試圖找出各民族的面部形態(tài)特征,建立相關(guān)信息庫(kù),為顱骨面貌復(fù)原提供幫助。 方法:選取5個(gè)南方少數(shù)民族的健康成年男女各100名,拍攝頭面部正側(cè)位同等條件下的照片和X片。確定19個(gè)指標(biāo)觀測(cè)分析5個(gè)民族人群的面部五官形態(tài),選擇其中的顴部、鼻根凹陷度等5個(gè)有代表性的項(xiàng)目,觀測(cè)分析骨性五官與顏面五官的相關(guān)性和差異性。 樣本抽取:根據(jù)中國(guó)人口分布狀況及第5次人口普查數(shù)據(jù),在人口一百萬(wàn)以上民族中選取5個(gè)南方少數(shù)民族的健康成年男女各100名。為了保證受檢人群的代表性和可靠性,樣本必須來(lái)自各少數(shù)民族聚集地區(qū)和世居地區(qū)。 觀測(cè)指標(biāo):根據(jù)與顱骨面貌復(fù)原緊密相關(guān)的五官部件的形態(tài)學(xué)要求[1,2],本次研究確定了發(fā)型、面型、眉型及眉眼間距等19項(xiàng)指標(biāo),研究5個(gè)民族人群的面部五官形態(tài),選擇其中的顴部、鼻根凹陷度、下頜角型、下頜頦型、下頜側(cè)觀等5個(gè)較容易觀察的項(xiàng)目,觀測(cè)骨性五官與顏面五官的相關(guān)性和差異性。 統(tǒng)計(jì)方法:對(duì)所取得的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),用The SAS System統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件,采用X2檢驗(yàn)和Fisher確切概率檢驗(yàn),P0.05,分析民族之間、男女性別之間的相關(guān)性和差異性。 結(jié)果:5個(gè)少數(shù)民族面部形態(tài)特征大體相似,有所區(qū)別的是:苗族女性圓形臉比例較大,而白族、壯族、傣族、苗族男性方形臉較多;苗族人群半數(shù)以上為單瞼;彝族男性和壯族女性顴骨突出率較高;彝族和白族女性下頜角以外翻形多見(jiàn);壯族和苗族人群鼻根凹陷型出現(xiàn)率較高。五個(gè)民族男女骨性五官與顏面五官絕大多數(shù)都相吻合。其面部形態(tài)既有共同點(diǎn),也具有各自的民族特征。例如眼瞼、眉眼間距和眼裂高度3項(xiàng)指標(biāo)民族差異性顯著;苗族的眼瞼,彝族的眼裂類型,壯族和苗族的鼻根形態(tài),彝族男性和壯族女性的顴骨均具有各自的民族特征;而白族的橢圓臉,中等顴骨更接近于南方漢族人群特征。骨性五官與顏面五官多數(shù)吻合,至于不吻合項(xiàng)中女性比例偏大,除照片和X片拍攝過(guò)程中受檢者配合因素影響外,面部軟組織厚度差異也可能是原因之一。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe and analyze the facial features of five ethnic minorities, to find out the facial features of each ethnic group, and to establish the relevant information database to provide help for skull reconstruction. Methods: 100 male and female healthy adults from 5 southern ethnic minorities were selected to take photographs and X-films under the same condition of head and face. 19 indexes were determined to observe and analyze the facial features of 5 ethnic groups, 5 representative items were selected, such as zygomaticus and nose root depression, and the correlation and difference between bony facial features and facial features were observed and analyzed. Sample selection: according to the data of China's population distribution and the fifth census, 100 healthy adult men and women of 5 southern ethnic minorities were selected from more than 1 million ethnic groups. In order to ensure the representativeness and reliability of the tested population, the samples must come from the areas where the ethnic minorities gather and live. Observation measures: according to the morphological requirements of the facial features closely related to the restoration of the skull, this study determined 19 indexes, such as hairstyle, facial shape, eyebrow type and eyebrow distance, to study the facial features of the five ethnic groups. The zygomatic part, nasal root depression, mandibular angle type, mandibular chin type and mandibular lateral view were selected to observe the correlation and difference between the facial features and the bony facial features. Statistical methods: the statistical data were analyzed by using the SAS system software, using X2 test and Fisher exact probability test (P0.05) to analyze the correlation and difference between men and women. Results: the facial features of the five ethnic minorities were similar in general. The difference was that the proportion of round faces of Miao women was larger than that of Bai, Zhuang, Dai and Miao male square faces, and more than half of the Miao people were single eyelids. The rate of zygomatic herniation was higher in male and female of Yi nationality and Zhuang nationality; the incidence rate of nasal root depression was higher in female of Yi and Bai nationality than that of female of Yi nationality and Bai nationality. Five nationalities male and female bony facial features and facial features are most consistent. Its facial morphology has not only common ground, but also its own national characteristics. For example, the eyelid, the distance between eyebrow and eye and the height of eye fissure were significantly different among nationalities, the eyelid of Miao nationality, the type of eye fissure of Yi nationality, the shape of nose root of Zhuang and Miao nationality, the zygomatic bone of male and female of Yi nationality all had their own national characteristics. The elliptical face of Bai nationality, medium zygomatic bone is more similar to the characteristics of Han people in southern China. Most of the facial features and bony facial features were consistent, and the proportion of female was higher than that of non-anastomosis. In addition to the factors of cooperation between the subjects in the process of photograph and X ray shooting, the difference of facial soft tissue thickness may also be one of the reasons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：D919

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 吳俊;基于代數(shù)特征的民族面部特征研究[D];東北大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：2059714