本文關(guān)鍵詞：明代地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)，，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

明代地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)

明代地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)

明代地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)內(nèi)容豐富,但一直沒有專門的系統(tǒng)研究。不管從學(xué)術(shù)史,還是從文獻(xiàn)學(xué)看,探討兩者的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、成就等都是有價(jià)值的。本文試圖從明代相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)入手,對(duì)明代地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)分別做初步的梳理,以便展現(xiàn)其學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值。本文分為六個(gè)部分：第一章緒論主要是對(duì)選題意 義、學(xué)術(shù)史等做簡(jiǎn)要介紹。本文認(rèn)為學(xué)界對(duì)明代地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué),尤其是對(duì)明代歷史地理學(xué)缺乏專門的研究,因此有研究的必要性。第二章、正史編撰與歷史地理學(xué)。展現(xiàn)了《碩博在線論文網(wǎng)史·地理志》與《碩博在線論文網(wǎng)史·河渠志》關(guān)于歷史地理學(xué)的成就。第三章、方志與地理學(xué)及歷史地理學(xué)。本章對(duì)部分總志、通志與府州縣志分別進(jìn)行論述,如《大明清類天文分野之書》的政區(qū)沿革特色,正德《瓊臺(tái)志》的自然地理特色,萬歷《云南通志》的農(nóng)業(yè)地理內(nèi)容。由此得出明代方志中地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)內(nèi)容往往是同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。第四章、其它文獻(xiàn)中的地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)。本章涉及多種類型的著作,如水利專著、游記、文集等。其中,明代地理學(xué)的突出成就主要反映在徐霞客的游記中,其對(duì)河流正源的糾正既是地理學(xué)重視實(shí)地考察的體現(xiàn),也有其歷史地理學(xué)研究的成分。第五章、明代歷史地圖學(xué)與地圖學(xué)。明代的歷史地圖有多種類型,通過研究得出：明代歷史地圖主要在編排和應(yīng)用范圍上有一定的進(jìn)步；明代地圖學(xué)方面,通過對(duì)《廣輿圖》及《鄭和航海圖》的研究得出：明代地圖學(xué)的發(fā)展水平高于同時(shí)期的歷史地圖學(xué)。最后是全文的結(jié)語,認(rèn)為明代歷史地理學(xué)相對(duì)明代地理學(xué)成就遜色一些。但明代的歷史地理學(xué)也取得了一定的成就,與地理學(xué)一起為清代地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)的繁榮奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

【Abstract】 Geography and historical-geography in Ming dynasty are rich in contents,but there has been no special research systems.No matter from the academic history,or from philology,the discussion for their development status and achievements and so on are valuable.From the emphases of related Ming dynasty’s literature of geography and historical-geography in Ming dynasty,this article attempts to do preliminary sorting respectively and show its academic value.This article is divided into six parts:The first chapter is a brief introduction of topic significance、academic history and so on.This paper argues that academics lacks special research about the geography and historical-geography of Ming dynasty,especially on historical-geography. So there is the necessities of the study.The second chapter is about history compilation and historical-geography. It mainly shows the achievement, which <Yuan history-records of geography>(《碩博在線論文網(wǎng)史·地理志》)and<Yuan history-records of canal>(《碩博在線論文網(wǎng)史·河渠志》) recovery the Yuan dynasty’geography,administrative and condition of canal.The third chapter is about chorography with geography and historical-geography. This chapter discusses respectively on part of total-chorography(總志),province-chorography(省志或通志)and Fuzhouxian-chorography(府州縣志)Such as Da Ming Qing Lei Tian Wen Fen Ye Zhi Shu(《大明清類天文分野之書》)’s administrative evolution characteristics,Zheng De Qiong Tai Zhi(正德《瓊臺(tái)志》)’s natural geographical features,Wan Li Yun Nan Tong Zhi(萬歷《云南通志》)’s content of agricultural geography. Thus the Ming dynasty chorography’s geography and historical-geography content often appeared in the meantime.The fourth chapter is about other literature’s geography and historical-geography. This chapter involves multiple types of work,such as water conservancy works, travel notes,corpus,etc.Among them,Ming dynasty’s outstanding achievements in geography mainly reflected in Xuxiake’s Travel. His rectification about the source of river not only reflected the attaching importance to on-the-spot investigation in Geography but also has the historical-geography’s research component.The fifth chapter is about Ming dynasty’s history-cartography and cartography. In Ming dynasty, there are different types of historical maps.Through research,I point that its mainly progress is in layout and application. In cartography of Ming dynasty, through the research of Guang Yu Tu(《廣輿圖》)and Zheng He Hang Hai Tu(《鄭和航海圖》)I point that the development level of Ming dynasty’s cartography is higher than its history-cartography.The last is the conclusion of full-text. I consider that the achievement of historical-geography is inferior to geography’s in Ming dynasty.But in Ming dynasty, historical-geography also got some achievements, with Ming dynasty’s geography, and laid a foundation for the prosperity of Qing dynasty’s geography and historical-geography.

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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：明代地理學(xué)與歷史地理學(xué)，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。