本文關(guān)鍵詞：北京都市區(qū)就業(yè)—居住空間結(jié)構(gòu)及特征研究，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

人文地理

文章編號：1003-2398（2011）04-0040-08

2011年第4期總第120期

北京都市區(qū)就業(yè)—居住空間結(jié)構(gòu)及特征研究

劉碧寒1，沈凡卜2

（1.北京大學(xué)深圳研究生院，深圳518055；2.美國BNIM建筑事務(wù)所，美國堪薩斯市64105）

ASTUDYONTHESPATIALCHARACTERISTICSOFJOBS-HOUSING

STRUCTUREINBEIJINGLIUBi-han1,SHENFan-bu2

(1.ShenzhenGraduateSchool,PekingUniversity,Shenzhen518055,China;

2.BNIMArchitects,Kansas64105,USA)

Abstract:ThispaperprovidesacasestudyofBeijingmetropolitanareatoexploretherelationshipbetweenemploymentandresidentiallocations.WithdatafromthesecondnationalcensusofbasicunitsofBeijingandthefifthpopulationcensusofBeijing,theauthorsconstructgeographydatabaseontheplatformofgeographyinformationsystemsoftwaresoastorevealthespatialdistributionsofemploymentandlivingsites.Basedonthat,theyidentifyemploymentcentersandlivingcenters,aimingatevaluatingthelocalbalancesbetweenem-ploymentandresidentialsites.Accordingtodifferentdividingstandards,9high-densityemploymentcenters,4employmentsub-centersand6employmentintensiveareasareidentifiedwithtoolsofgridanalysisinGIS.Thedrivingforcesoftheseemploymentcentersarecomplicated,buturbanplanandtheallocationoflargescalecorporations,industrialparksandgovernmentofficesmightexertatremendousinfluence.Despiteoflackofaccuratelivingsitesdata,theauthorshavetakendataofstreetsfromthefifthpopulationcensusofBeijinginsteadtoidentifyresidentialcenters.12high-densityresidentialcentersininnercity,4residentialsub-centersinsuburbsand6residentialsub-centersinoutersuburbsarepickedoutrespectively.Theresiden-tialspatialstructureisaffectedgreatlybylivingsuburbanizationandlandtransfermarket.Conclusioncomesthatemploymentcentersaremoreconcentratedthanresidentialcentersininnercity,andtheemploymentcentersareseparatedfromresidentialcenterstoagreatextent.Whencomingtothespatialorganizationoftwofunctions,theauthorsadoptindexofjobs-housingbalancetoevaluatethelocalbalancesbetweenemploy-mentandresidentialsites.Jobsaresurpluscomparedtolocallivingworkersininnercityandresidentsaresurpluscomparedwithlocalemploymentopportunitiesinsurroundingarea.Indexofjobs-housingbalancegoesdownalongwithrisingdistancesawayfromurbancenter.Bothondistrictscaleandstreetscale,spatialstructurescomeintoimbalancesbetweenemploymentandresidentialsites,whichhasbeenahighlightedfea-tureforBeijingmetropolitanarea.

Keywords:jobs-housingbalance;balanceindex;employmentcenter;livingcenter

提要：近二十年來，在經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型和城市化進(jìn)程不斷加快的背景下，我國許多大城市的就業(yè)—居住空間結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。本研究以北京都市區(qū)為例，建立北京都市區(qū)就業(yè)—居住基礎(chǔ)地理信息數(shù)據(jù)庫，運(yùn)用GIS空間分析技術(shù)對北京就業(yè)—居住空間關(guān)系進(jìn)行多尺度分析，在界定就業(yè)中心和居住中心的基礎(chǔ)上，

基金項(xiàng)目：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（40871076）

作者簡介：劉碧寒（1987—），女，江蘇鹽城人，碩士研究生，研究方向?yàn)槌鞘信c區(qū)域規(guī)劃。E-mail：liubihan623@。收稿日期：2010-09-15；修訂日期：2011-03-08

評價(jià)北京都市區(qū)的就業(yè)與居住平衡狀況。研究結(jié)果表明，，就業(yè)—居住分離是當(dāng)今北京城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)的突出特征。

關(guān)鍵詞：就業(yè)—居住平衡；平衡指數(shù)；就業(yè)中心；居住中心

中圖分類號：C912.81文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A

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HUMANGEOGRAPHYVol.26.No.42011/8

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：北京都市區(qū)就業(yè)—居住空間結(jié)構(gòu)及特征研究，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。