本文關(guān)鍵詞： 工人 掃盲教育 改造與重塑　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新中國成立初期,恢復(fù)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)、鞏固新生政權(quán)是中國共產(chǎn)黨的中心任務(wù)。為了完成黨的中心任務(wù),作為工人階級政黨的中國共產(chǎn)黨必然要依靠工人階級。然而,當(dāng)時(shí)工人階級文化程度不高,非馬克思主義思想保留較多,工人階級的自身狀況與黨的中心任務(wù)要求不相適應(yīng)。由于掃盲教育具有文化啟蒙和政治啟蒙的雙重屬性,因此也就成了提高工人文化水平,破除舊的意識形態(tài)束縛的最佳選擇。新中國成立初期的上海工人掃盲教育分為起步、糾偏和加速發(fā)展三個部分。上海市通過建立領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)、開展宣傳動員、編寫掃盲教材、創(chuàng)新教學(xué)方法保障工人掃盲教育的有效運(yùn)行。在新中國成立初期大背景下推行的掃盲教育,由于其指導(dǎo)思想帶有濃厚的階級論色彩,導(dǎo)致掃盲教育出現(xiàn)泛政治化和革命化傾向。在具體實(shí)踐過程中,掃盲教育偏離了正常的發(fā)展速度,帶有速成性的特點(diǎn)。工人掃盲教育的推行,推動了新生政權(quán)對工人階級的改造和重塑。文盲、半文盲工人不僅僅學(xué)會了基本的日常語言,更習(xí)得了一套政治語言。除此之外,掃盲教育還推動了文盲、半文盲工人休閑娛樂方式的轉(zhuǎn)變,馬克思主義信仰的生成以及政治參與熱情的提高。
[Abstract]:In the early days of the founding of New China, it was the central task of the Communist Party of China to restore the national economy and consolidate the new regime. In order to accomplish the party's central task, the CPC, as a working class political party, would have to rely on the working class. At that time, the cultural level of the working class was not high, and the non-Marxist ideology was more retained. The working class's own situation did not meet the requirements of the Party's central task. Since literacy education had the dual attributes of cultural and political enlightenment, Therefore, it has become the best choice to raise the cultural level of workers and break the shackles of old ideologies. In the early days of the founding of New China, Shanghai's literacy education for workers was divided into three parts: starting, correcting deviation, and accelerating development. Shanghai adopted the establishment of leading institutions. Carry out propaganda and mobilization, compile literacy teaching materials, and innovate teaching methods to ensure the effective operation of literacy education for workers. The literacy education carried out under the background of the founding of New China in the early days of the people's Republic of China, because its guiding ideology has a strong color of class theory, This led to the emergence of pan-politicization and revolutionization of literacy education. In the course of concrete practice, literacy education deviated from the normal speed of development and was characterized by rapid development. Promoted the new regime to reform and reshape the working class. Illiterate and semi-illiterate workers not only learned the basic daily language, but also learned a set of political languages. In addition, literacy education also promoted illiteracy. The transformation of the leisure and entertainment mode of semi-illiterate workers, the formation of Marxist belief and the improvement of enthusiasm for political participation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D232

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