網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-09 09:40
【摘要】：21世紀(jì),人類已進入網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代,信息的廣泛復(fù)制和傳播將是推動版權(quán)制度變革的驅(qū)動力,網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)制度將成為促進各國經(jīng)濟和社會文化發(fā)展的重要因素,這個時代,將是一個“網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)”的新時代。在這樣的時代背景下,一方面,大量的信息和作品在網(wǎng)上傳播,給人們帶來了便捷、愉悅;另一方面,因擅自通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)表、傳播他人作品等版權(quán)侵權(quán)糾紛問題也日益凸顯。網(wǎng)絡(luò)給版權(quán)帶來的最大沖擊就是改變了作品的傳播方式,改變了版權(quán)人控制作品的形式,版權(quán)權(quán)利人比任何時候更容易受到借助于網(wǎng)絡(luò)而實施的侵權(quán)行為。由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)上往往很難找到直接侵權(quán)行為人,或是發(fā)現(xiàn)對直接侵權(quán)人訴訟費時費力,而又不能得到充分的賠償。于是,版權(quán)人開始選擇另一維權(quán)路徑——將訴訟矛頭對準(zhǔn)間接侵權(quán)責(zé)任人。所謂網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán),是指行為人即使并沒有直接實施受網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)中各項專有權(quán)利所控制的行為,但其行為與他人的“直接侵權(quán)”行為之間存在特定聯(lián)系,也可以基于公共政策考量等因素而被法律規(guī)定為侵權(quán)行為。如何界定網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及范圍,不僅影響到司法保護水平和質(zhì)量,而且直接關(guān)系到新興網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,也關(guān)系到無數(shù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶的權(quán)益,因此探討網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任制度具有重要的理論價值和實踐意義。 網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)提供者版權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任存在著“直接侵權(quán)”和“間接侵權(quán)”的區(qū)別。其中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)容服務(wù)提供者一般承擔(dān)直接侵權(quán)責(zé)任,這在理論界無太大爭議。而網(wǎng)絡(luò)在線服務(wù)提供者通過為網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶提供個人空間、搜索引擎及BBS論壇等中介服務(wù),本身不構(gòu)成直接侵權(quán)的主體,但是如果其客觀上為直接侵權(quán)行為者提供了實質(zhì)性的幫助,則可能構(gòu)成“間接侵權(quán)”。與一些西方發(fā)達國家對于“間接侵權(quán)”規(guī)則的完善規(guī)定相比,雖然目前我國在立法上也逐漸出現(xiàn)了一些有關(guān)間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任認(rèn)定規(guī)則的零星規(guī)定,如《民法通則》中規(guī)定的“共同侵權(quán)”、《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》中規(guī)定的“網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)”、《著作權(quán)法》中有關(guān)故意規(guī)避和破壞技術(shù)措施的侵權(quán)責(zé)任、《最高人民法院關(guān)于審理涉及計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)著作權(quán)糾紛案件適用法律若干問題的解釋》集中列舉了幾種網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)商承擔(dān)間接侵權(quán)責(zé)任的情形、《信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播條例》中確立的“避風(fēng)港規(guī)則”、《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》中“共同侵權(quán)”、“網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)”的規(guī)則等。但是,這些規(guī)定或是照搬國外的立法或司法實踐,或是與間接侵權(quán)規(guī)則有本質(zhì)的區(qū)別,亦不能充分保護網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)人的合法權(quán)益。 隨著我國網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)司法解釋的出臺以及《信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播條例》、《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》等法律法規(guī)的實施,加快了我國關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任的立法步伐,彌補了我國的立法空白,與過去相比是一個巨大的進步。然而,由于其中大多只是抽象而籠統(tǒng)的規(guī)定,缺乏具體可操作性,與歐美發(fā)達國家相比還是存在一定差距,因此需要更進一步的完善。筆者在本文中對我國現(xiàn)存立法中對網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)的規(guī)定進行了詳細(xì)介紹,結(jié)合司法現(xiàn)狀,闡述了我國網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)制度立法之不足,指出了明確規(guī)定網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任制度的必要性,并提出了進一步的立法完善措施:在立法理念方面,應(yīng)堅持利益均衡,主要是應(yīng)實現(xiàn)版權(quán)人權(quán)益和社會公眾利益之間的平衡;在立法體例方面,借鑒國外先進立法,并注重與網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的契合性、立足于國內(nèi)現(xiàn)存法律,注重制度創(chuàng)新與現(xiàn)有法律的協(xié)調(diào),才是目前最切實可行的做法。具體而言,建議在日后修改《著作權(quán)》中逐步引入間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任制度,將“直接侵權(quán)”與“間接侵權(quán)”行為在不同的條款中分別列舉,并對責(zé)任的限制、豁免予以明確規(guī)定,并同時對相關(guān)法律、法規(guī)、司法解釋中的具體規(guī)定進行更進一步的完善;在制度設(shè)計方面,明辨網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任之主體、引入完整的代位侵權(quán)及幫助侵權(quán)責(zé)任制度、明確網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)商“主觀過錯”之判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、設(shè)計明確的網(wǎng)絡(luò)在線服務(wù)提供商的義務(wù)、構(gòu)建特殊的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)集體管理機制、明確網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)責(zé)任承擔(dān)方式。從而建立一套與我國國情相適應(yīng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)“間接侵權(quán)”民事責(zé)任制度,促進網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)與信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康發(fā)展,實現(xiàn)版權(quán)人權(quán)益與社會公眾利益之間的平衡。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, mankind has entered the era of network, the extensive reproduction and dissemination of information will be the driving force to promote the reform of copyright system, network copyright system will become an important factor to promote the economic and social and cultural development of countries, this era will be a new era of "network copyright". On the other hand, copyright infringement disputes such as publishing through the network without authorization and disseminating other people's works have become increasingly prominent. The biggest impact of the network on copyright is to change the way of dissemination of works, change the form of copyright holders controlling works, and copyright holders are more than any other. Because it is often difficult to find the direct infringer on the network, or find the direct infringer litigation time-consuming and laborious, but can not be fully compensated. Therefore, copyright owners began to choose another one-dimensional path - the prosecution of indirect infringers. Indirect infringement of Internet copyright refers to the infringement of Internet copyright, which is defined by law on the basis of public policy considerations and other factors, even though the actors do not directly implement the acts controlled by the exclusive rights of Internet copyright. The standard and scope of indirect infringement civil liability not only affect the level and quality of judicial protection, but also directly relate to the development of new network industry and the rights and interests of numerous network users.
There is a distinction between "direct infringement" and "indirect infringement" in the copyright infringement liability of ISPs. In theory, ISPs generally bear direct infringement liability, which is not controversial. ISPs provide intermediary services such as personal space, search engines and BBS forums for Internet users. Business itself does not constitute the subject of direct infringement, but it may constitute "indirect infringement" if it objectively provides substantial help to the perpetrators of direct infringement. Fragmentary provisions of the rules for determining civil liability for rights, such as "joint infringement" stipulated in the General Principles of Civil Law, "network infringement" stipulated in the Law on Tort Liability, "tort liability for intentional evasion and destruction of technical measures" stipulated in the Law on Copyright, and "applicable law of the Supreme People's Court in handling cases involving computer network copyright disputes" Interpretation of the Question Concentrates on several cases in which ISPs bear indirect tort liability, such as the "safe haven rule" established in the "Information Network Dissemination Ordinance", the "joint tort" and "network tort" rules in the "Tort Liability Law", etc. However, these Provisions either copy foreign legislation or judicial practice, or indirect invasion. There are essential differences between the rules of rights and the rights and interests of the copyright owners.
With the advent of judicial interpretation of network copyright in China and the implementation of laws and regulations such as Regulations on Information Network Dissemination and Law of Tort Liability, the pace of legislation on indirect infringement of network copyright in China has been quickened and the legislative gaps have been filled up, which is a great progress compared with the past. In this paper, the author gives a detailed introduction to the provisions of indirect infringement of network copyright in the existing legislation of our country, and expounds the system of indirect infringement of network copyright in our country according to the judicial situation. The deficiency of legislation points out the necessity of clearly stipulating the system of civil liability for indirect infringement of network copyright, and puts forward some further legislative measures: in the legislative concept, we should adhere to the balance of interests, mainly to achieve the balance between the rights of copyright and the interests of the public; in the legislative style, we should draw lessons from foreign advanced legislation, and It is the most practical way to pay attention to the conformity with the network technology, to the existing laws in China, and to the coordination between the system innovation and the existing laws. In the aspect of system design, it clearly distinguishes the subject of the indirect infringement of network copyright, introduces a complete system of subrogation infringement and assistance infringement liability, and makes clear the network clothing. The criteria for judging the "subjective fault" of the dealers, the obligations of the Internet online service providers, the special collective management mechanism of the network copyright, and the way to bear the indirect infringement liability of the network copyright are defined. Thus, a set of civil liability system of "indirect infringement" of the network copyright suitable for the national conditions of our country is established to promote the network technology. With the healthy development of the information industry, the balance between the rights and interests of copyright owners and the public interests can be achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D923.41
本文編號：2232011
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, mankind has entered the era of network, the extensive reproduction and dissemination of information will be the driving force to promote the reform of copyright system, network copyright system will become an important factor to promote the economic and social and cultural development of countries, this era will be a new era of "network copyright". On the other hand, copyright infringement disputes such as publishing through the network without authorization and disseminating other people's works have become increasingly prominent. The biggest impact of the network on copyright is to change the way of dissemination of works, change the form of copyright holders controlling works, and copyright holders are more than any other. Because it is often difficult to find the direct infringer on the network, or find the direct infringer litigation time-consuming and laborious, but can not be fully compensated. Therefore, copyright owners began to choose another one-dimensional path - the prosecution of indirect infringers. Indirect infringement of Internet copyright refers to the infringement of Internet copyright, which is defined by law on the basis of public policy considerations and other factors, even though the actors do not directly implement the acts controlled by the exclusive rights of Internet copyright. The standard and scope of indirect infringement civil liability not only affect the level and quality of judicial protection, but also directly relate to the development of new network industry and the rights and interests of numerous network users.
There is a distinction between "direct infringement" and "indirect infringement" in the copyright infringement liability of ISPs. In theory, ISPs generally bear direct infringement liability, which is not controversial. ISPs provide intermediary services such as personal space, search engines and BBS forums for Internet users. Business itself does not constitute the subject of direct infringement, but it may constitute "indirect infringement" if it objectively provides substantial help to the perpetrators of direct infringement. Fragmentary provisions of the rules for determining civil liability for rights, such as "joint infringement" stipulated in the General Principles of Civil Law, "network infringement" stipulated in the Law on Tort Liability, "tort liability for intentional evasion and destruction of technical measures" stipulated in the Law on Copyright, and "applicable law of the Supreme People's Court in handling cases involving computer network copyright disputes" Interpretation of the Question Concentrates on several cases in which ISPs bear indirect tort liability, such as the "safe haven rule" established in the "Information Network Dissemination Ordinance", the "joint tort" and "network tort" rules in the "Tort Liability Law", etc. However, these Provisions either copy foreign legislation or judicial practice, or indirect invasion. There are essential differences between the rules of rights and the rights and interests of the copyright owners.
With the advent of judicial interpretation of network copyright in China and the implementation of laws and regulations such as Regulations on Information Network Dissemination and Law of Tort Liability, the pace of legislation on indirect infringement of network copyright in China has been quickened and the legislative gaps have been filled up, which is a great progress compared with the past. In this paper, the author gives a detailed introduction to the provisions of indirect infringement of network copyright in the existing legislation of our country, and expounds the system of indirect infringement of network copyright in our country according to the judicial situation. The deficiency of legislation points out the necessity of clearly stipulating the system of civil liability for indirect infringement of network copyright, and puts forward some further legislative measures: in the legislative concept, we should adhere to the balance of interests, mainly to achieve the balance between the rights of copyright and the interests of the public; in the legislative style, we should draw lessons from foreign advanced legislation, and It is the most practical way to pay attention to the conformity with the network technology, to the existing laws in China, and to the coordination between the system innovation and the existing laws. In the aspect of system design, it clearly distinguishes the subject of the indirect infringement of network copyright, introduces a complete system of subrogation infringement and assistance infringement liability, and makes clear the network clothing. The criteria for judging the "subjective fault" of the dealers, the obligations of the Internet online service providers, the special collective management mechanism of the network copyright, and the way to bear the indirect infringement liability of the network copyright are defined. Thus, a set of civil liability system of "indirect infringement" of the network copyright suitable for the national conditions of our country is established to promote the network technology. With the healthy development of the information industry, the balance between the rights and interests of copyright owners and the public interests can be achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D923.41
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條
1 張園園;網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)商版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)責(zé)任研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2012年
2 趙云;網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)間接侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任研究[D];煙臺大學(xué);2012年
3 黃逸浪;網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)提供者版權(quán)侵權(quán)過錯認(rèn)定研究[D];湘潭大學(xué);2012年
4 楊穎;搜索引擎服務(wù)提供商的著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2013年
，本文編號：2232011
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