《中國(guó)婦女》雜志的性別話語研究（1990～2009）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-14 16:10
【摘要】：本文是關(guān)于1990年—2009年20年間《中國(guó)婦女》雜志中性別話語表達(dá)狀況的研究。使用社會(huì)性別理論的視角,在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型所帶來的媒介市場(chǎng)化與大眾文化世俗化背景下,國(guó)家話語、市場(chǎng)力量、社會(huì)性別力量、傳統(tǒng)性別意識(shí)形態(tài)等多種力量的博弈、協(xié)商,研究在代表國(guó)家主流意識(shí)形態(tài)的官方女性媒介中,性別話語是如何被建構(gòu)的。 文章首先通過對(duì)1990年—2009年的《中國(guó)婦女》雜志進(jìn)行了封面人物統(tǒng)計(jì)、報(bào)道對(duì)象的身份角色分析以及對(duì)報(bào)道的內(nèi)容分析,梳理了《中國(guó)婦女》雜志20年間的報(bào)道走向,以及兩個(gè)時(shí)間段報(bào)道的變化,對(duì)20年來的《中國(guó)婦女》雜志有一個(gè)總繪。基于上文的分析結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)國(guó)家話語在女性雜志中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位,設(shè)置了雜志的議程。同時(shí)進(jìn)一步通過對(duì)《中國(guó)婦女》雜志文本的解讀,發(fā)現(xiàn)性別意識(shí)始終是服務(wù)于國(guó)家主導(dǎo)意識(shí)形態(tài)的,同時(shí)存在的性別與階級(jí)的互相遮蔽,使得女性進(jìn)一步內(nèi)化了性別不平等的意識(shí),加劇了性別不平等的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況,不利于女性“主體性”建構(gòu)與認(rèn)知。同時(shí)梳理了社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期商業(yè)化、消費(fèi)文化以及社會(huì)思潮的變遷大背景下中國(guó)性別話語的轉(zhuǎn)變。市場(chǎng)力量的上升有消解國(guó)家話語的積極影響,為性別話語的呈現(xiàn)提供了更多可能的空間,但國(guó)家話語的意識(shí)形態(tài)主導(dǎo)力量是一直存在并始終發(fā)揮作用的,并且在國(guó)家與市場(chǎng)的合謀之下,性別不平等的機(jī)制以更加隱蔽的形式呈現(xiàn),加劇了性別意識(shí)形態(tài)上的“集體無意識(shí)”。最后通過對(duì)《中國(guó)婦女》雜志內(nèi)容的文本分析,和對(duì)雜志從業(yè)人員的訪談,呈現(xiàn)性別話語在各種權(quán)力關(guān)系中的現(xiàn)狀,并試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)未來可發(fā)展的空間。提出由于《中國(guó)婦女》雜志作為婦聯(lián)機(jī)關(guān)刊的特殊性,使得其有可能免于市場(chǎng)邏輯過于商業(yè)化,保持雜志內(nèi)容相對(duì)獨(dú)立。雜志內(nèi)部的從業(yè)人員應(yīng)把握住性別話語的發(fā)展空間,加強(qiáng)性別意識(shí),并盡可能將這種性別意識(shí)融入到雜志文本之中。 通過以上研究發(fā)現(xiàn),國(guó)家、市場(chǎng)與女性主義這三種力量,既發(fā)生在話語場(chǎng)域,即試圖通過“收編”,“相互滲透”,“相互妥協(xié)”的過程,構(gòu)成內(nèi)部相對(duì)一致的話語體系。同時(shí),它們相互沖突、滲透和調(diào)和,構(gòu)成社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型過程中女性主義話語實(shí)踐的歷史場(chǎng)景與得以實(shí)踐的空間。但對(duì)于中國(guó)的女性主義來說,如果認(rèn)為市場(chǎng)化是對(duì)國(guó)家話語的消解,對(duì)霸權(quán)的一種反抗途徑,從而認(rèn)為中國(guó)的性別平等達(dá)到了一個(gè)新高度,為中國(guó)女性在媒介中多種多樣的呈現(xiàn)方式“鼓與呼”的話,則是由于以上表象遮蔽了意識(shí)形態(tài)過程、文化和表征政治的重要性。任何武斷式的“進(jìn)步”或“退步”的判斷都不能對(duì)這一階段中國(guó)大眾媒介中的性別話語做出辯證客觀的結(jié)論,中國(guó)女性主義應(yīng)該從日益擴(kuò)大的空間中尋找更多協(xié)商的機(jī)會(huì),成長(zhǎng)為各種權(quán)力關(guān)系中更具話語權(quán)的力量。
[Abstract]:This paper is a study of gender discourse expression in Chinese Women's magazine from 1990 to 2009. From the perspective of gender theory, under the background of media marketization and secularization of mass culture brought about by social transformation, the game of national discourse, market forces, social gender forces, traditional gender ideology, etc. This paper studies how the gender discourse is constructed in the official female media, which represents the mainstream ideology of the country. First of all, through the cover statistics of the Chinese Women's magazine from 1990 to 2009, the identity role analysis of the subjects and the analysis of the content of the report, the article combs the reporting trend of the Chinese Women's magazine in the past 20 years. And two time periods of reporting changes, for the past 20 years of the Chinese Women magazine has a general picture. Based on the above analysis, it is found that state discourse dominates women's magazines and sets their agenda. At the same time, through the further reading of the Chinese Women's magazine text, it is found that the gender consciousness always serves the leading ideology of the country, and the existence of gender and class obscures each other at the same time. It makes women further internalize the consciousness of gender inequality, exacerbates the reality of gender inequality, and is not conducive to the construction and cognition of women's subjectivity. At the same time, it combs the change of Chinese gender discourse under the background of commercialization, consumption culture and social trend of thought in the period of social transformation. The rise of market forces has the positive effect of dispelling the state discourse, which provides more possible space for the presentation of gender discourse, but the ideological dominant force of the national discourse has always existed and has always played a role. Moreover, under the complicity of the state and the market, the mechanism of gender inequality is presented in a more concealed form, which intensifies the "collective unconscious" in gender ideology. Finally, through the text analysis of the contents of the magazine "Chinese Women" and the interviews with the magazine practitioners, the paper presents the present situation of gender discourse in various power relations, and tries to find out the space for future development. Because of the particularity of Chinese Women's magazine as an official publication of Women's Federation, it is possible to avoid the excessive commercialization of market logic and keep the content of the magazine relatively independent. The practitioners in the magazine should grasp the development space of the gender discourse, strengthen the gender consciousness, and integrate this gender consciousness into the magazine text as far as possible. Through the study above, it is found that the three forces of state, market and feminism occur in the discourse field, that is, through the process of "integration", "mutual penetration" and "mutual compromise", they form a relatively consistent internal discourse system. At the same time, they conflict with each other, infiltrate and reconcile each other, and constitute the historical scene of feminist discourse practice and the space of practice in the process of social transformation. But for Chinese feminism, if we think that marketization is a way to dispel national discourse and resist hegemony, then we think that China's gender equality has reached a new height. "Drum and exclamation" for Chinese women in the media is because the above appearance obscures the importance of ideological process, culture and representational politics. Any arbitrary judgment of "progress" or "retrogression" cannot draw a dialectical and objective conclusion about the gender discourse in the Chinese mass media at this stage. Chinese feminism should seek more opportunities for consultation from the expanding space. To grow into a more vocal power in various power relationships.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G237.5
本文編號(hào)：2183404
[Abstract]:This paper is a study of gender discourse expression in Chinese Women's magazine from 1990 to 2009. From the perspective of gender theory, under the background of media marketization and secularization of mass culture brought about by social transformation, the game of national discourse, market forces, social gender forces, traditional gender ideology, etc. This paper studies how the gender discourse is constructed in the official female media, which represents the mainstream ideology of the country. First of all, through the cover statistics of the Chinese Women's magazine from 1990 to 2009, the identity role analysis of the subjects and the analysis of the content of the report, the article combs the reporting trend of the Chinese Women's magazine in the past 20 years. And two time periods of reporting changes, for the past 20 years of the Chinese Women magazine has a general picture. Based on the above analysis, it is found that state discourse dominates women's magazines and sets their agenda. At the same time, through the further reading of the Chinese Women's magazine text, it is found that the gender consciousness always serves the leading ideology of the country, and the existence of gender and class obscures each other at the same time. It makes women further internalize the consciousness of gender inequality, exacerbates the reality of gender inequality, and is not conducive to the construction and cognition of women's subjectivity. At the same time, it combs the change of Chinese gender discourse under the background of commercialization, consumption culture and social trend of thought in the period of social transformation. The rise of market forces has the positive effect of dispelling the state discourse, which provides more possible space for the presentation of gender discourse, but the ideological dominant force of the national discourse has always existed and has always played a role. Moreover, under the complicity of the state and the market, the mechanism of gender inequality is presented in a more concealed form, which intensifies the "collective unconscious" in gender ideology. Finally, through the text analysis of the contents of the magazine "Chinese Women" and the interviews with the magazine practitioners, the paper presents the present situation of gender discourse in various power relations, and tries to find out the space for future development. Because of the particularity of Chinese Women's magazine as an official publication of Women's Federation, it is possible to avoid the excessive commercialization of market logic and keep the content of the magazine relatively independent. The practitioners in the magazine should grasp the development space of the gender discourse, strengthen the gender consciousness, and integrate this gender consciousness into the magazine text as far as possible. Through the study above, it is found that the three forces of state, market and feminism occur in the discourse field, that is, through the process of "integration", "mutual penetration" and "mutual compromise", they form a relatively consistent internal discourse system. At the same time, they conflict with each other, infiltrate and reconcile each other, and constitute the historical scene of feminist discourse practice and the space of practice in the process of social transformation. But for Chinese feminism, if we think that marketization is a way to dispel national discourse and resist hegemony, then we think that China's gender equality has reached a new height. "Drum and exclamation" for Chinese women in the media is because the above appearance obscures the importance of ideological process, culture and representational politics. Any arbitrary judgment of "progress" or "retrogression" cannot draw a dialectical and objective conclusion about the gender discourse in the Chinese mass media at this stage. Chinese feminism should seek more opportunities for consultation from the expanding space. To grow into a more vocal power in various power relationships.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G237.5
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