本文選題：委托創(chuàng)作　切入點(diǎn)：著作權(quán)侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任　出處：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代社會(huì),專業(yè)化分工越來(lái)越細(xì)致,各領(lǐng)域職業(yè)分工越來(lái)越高度專業(yè)化,而這種社會(huì)高度分工的格局在著作權(quán)領(lǐng)域最明顯的表現(xiàn)之一就是委托創(chuàng)作日益普遍。委托創(chuàng)作滿足了委托人對(duì)特定作品的需求,也實(shí)現(xiàn)了受托人專業(yè)知識(shí)的社會(huì)價(jià)值與經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。但與此同時(shí),委托創(chuàng)作中侵犯第三人著作權(quán)的案例也越來(lái)越多,越來(lái)越復(fù)雜。而對(duì)于這一社會(huì)問(wèn)題,由于理論研究上針對(duì)性不足和立法上不夠完善,使司法實(shí)踐中判決的法律適用不統(tǒng)一,責(zé)任承擔(dān)方式不一致,導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)同案不同判和責(zé)任分配不合理等問(wèn)題,未能實(shí)現(xiàn)司法審判社會(huì)效果的最大化。因此,對(duì)委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任(文中簡(jiǎn)稱委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任)進(jìn)行深入研究,具有重大的理論意義與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任可能涉及到民事責(zé)任、刑事責(zé)任和行政責(zé)任,但本文僅對(duì)與委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)有關(guān)的民事責(zé)任進(jìn)行研究,并對(duì)其加以類型化整合,明確其適用規(guī)則,實(shí)現(xiàn)侵權(quán)責(zé)任的合理分配,為司法實(shí)踐提供理論支持。具體思路是,首先從厘清一些主要概念入手,接著依委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的現(xiàn)實(shí)表現(xiàn)形式,把委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任分為三大類,即受托人的單獨(dú)侵權(quán)責(zé)任、委托人的替代侵權(quán)責(zé)任,以及委托人和受托人的共同侵權(quán)責(zé)任。最后按照基本理論、責(zé)任歸責(zé)原則、責(zé)任構(gòu)成要件和民事責(zé)任方式展開(kāi)類型化分析。 全文共分為引言、正文和結(jié)論三大部分。 論文的引言部分介紹了本文研究的背景和研究的意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究?jī)?nèi)容和研究方法,以及創(chuàng)新和不足。 正文共分五個(gè)部分： 第一部分“委托創(chuàng)作的概念、特征及委托創(chuàng)作合同的性質(zhì)”主要是對(duì)委托創(chuàng)作的基本理論進(jìn)行闡述。這個(gè)部分首先界定委托創(chuàng)作的概念,并分析委托創(chuàng)作的特征,從分析委托創(chuàng)作的特征可知,委托創(chuàng)作中容易產(chǎn)生對(duì)第三人的著作權(quán)侵權(quán)問(wèn)題。接著對(duì)委托創(chuàng)作合同的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析,明確委托創(chuàng)作合同是一種無(wú)名合同,所以在發(fā)生委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)糾紛時(shí),不適用目前與有名合同相關(guān)的侵權(quán)責(zé)任承擔(dān)方式,而應(yīng)對(duì)其做深入研究。 第二部分“委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任的基本理論和責(zé)任類型”通過(guò)對(duì)委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任的概念、特征、侵權(quán)表現(xiàn)形式進(jìn)行分析,并與一般著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任作比較,指出應(yīng)當(dāng)將委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)責(zé)任作類型化研究。然后依據(jù)委托創(chuàng)作侵權(quán)的特征和現(xiàn)實(shí)表現(xiàn)形式,將委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任分為三大類：受托人的單獨(dú)侵權(quán)責(zé)任、委托人的替代侵權(quán)責(zé)任,以及委托人和受托人的共同侵權(quán)責(zé)任。這是本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)所在。 第三部分“受托人單獨(dú)侵權(quán)責(zé)任研究”主要是從受托人侵權(quán)責(zé)任類型、責(zé)任歸責(zé)原則、責(zé)任構(gòu)成要件和民事責(zé)任方式等方面,對(duì)受托人單獨(dú)著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析。因替代侵權(quán)責(zé)任制度的存在,受托人對(duì)第三人并非一定承擔(dān)完全的自己責(zé)任,受托人責(zé)任的承擔(dān)方式在委托人替代侵權(quán)責(zé)任的論述中加以明確。 第四部分“委托人的替代侵權(quán)責(zé)任研究”主要結(jié)合一般替代侵權(quán)責(zé)任理論和受托人單獨(dú)侵權(quán)責(zé)任理論展開(kāi)論述。在明確一般理論的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)委托人替代侵權(quán)責(zé)任進(jìn)行分析,接著在受托人單獨(dú)侵權(quán)責(zé)任的基礎(chǔ)上,依委托人和受托人過(guò)錯(cuò)程度,把委托人替代責(zé)任承擔(dān)方式分為四種,即委托人的完全替代責(zé)任、委托人的補(bǔ)充連帶責(zé)任、委托人和受托人的按份責(zé)任及委托人和受托人的連帶責(zé)任。替代侵權(quán)責(zé)任制度一方面體現(xiàn)了民法上責(zé)任報(bào)償理論和公平原則,另一方面,也促使委托人對(duì)受托人的創(chuàng)作行為盡合理審查注意義務(wù)與監(jiān)控義務(wù),減少委托創(chuàng)作中侵權(quán)行為的發(fā)生。 第五部“委托人和受托人共同侵權(quán)責(zé)任研究”結(jié)合共同侵權(quán)責(zé)任的一般理論和一般著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任理論展開(kāi)論述。依據(jù)委托人和受托人共同侵權(quán)的三種不同的侵權(quán)表現(xiàn)形式,在歸責(zé)原則、責(zé)任構(gòu)成要件和民事責(zé)任方式等方面作了區(qū)別分析,同時(shí)也對(duì)委托人和受托人的相關(guān)責(zé)任問(wèn)題作了區(qū)別對(duì)待,力求在責(zé)任分配上體現(xiàn)民法上的責(zé)任自負(fù)原則及公平原則,同時(shí)也充分保障第三人的權(quán)利救濟(jì)。 研究結(jié)果表明,通過(guò)對(duì)委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)責(zé)任的類型化分析,在不同的責(zé)任類型中,合理分配委托人和受托人的著作權(quán)侵權(quán)民事責(zé)任,既體現(xiàn)了民法上的責(zé)任報(bào)償理論、責(zé)任自負(fù)原則及公平原則,也有利于充分保障第三人著作權(quán)的權(quán)利救濟(jì)和提高司法效益。同時(shí)在合理的責(zé)任分配格局之下,使委托人和受托人在委托創(chuàng)作中權(quán)衡侵權(quán)成本,一定程度上遏制了委托創(chuàng)作著作權(quán)侵權(quán)行為的產(chǎn)生,有利于委托創(chuàng)作市場(chǎng)和諧有序地發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In modern society, specialization and more detailed, the occupation division of labor is more and more highly specialized, and one of the high division this social pattern of the most obvious in the field of copyright is increasingly common. Commissioned commissioned to meet client needs of specific works, also realize the social value and economic value of the trustee professional knowledge. But at the same time, commissioned in third copyright infringement cases are more and more, more and more complex. For this social problem, because the theoretical research on the shortcomings and the legislation is not perfect, the judgment in the judicial practice of the applicable law is not uniform, the responsibility is not the same, leading to the problem of different co contracting and responsibility allocation is not reasonable, to maximize the social effect of the trial failed to achieve justice. Therefore, the entrust creation copyrights infringement civil liability (Wen Zhongjian It is of great theoretical and practical significance to carry on the in-depth study of the liability for copyright infringement of entrustment creation.
Commissioned the creation of copyright infringement liability may involve civil liability, criminal liability and administrative liability, but this paper only to copyrights infringement of entrust creation related to civil responsibility, and classify them in its integration, clear the applicable rules, reasonable allocation of tort liability, and provide theoretical support for the judicial practice. The first idea is to clarify the main concepts, then according to the practical manifestation of entrust creation copyrights infringement, copyright infringement liability of entrust creation is divided into three categories, namely the trustee of the separate tort liability, vicarious liability of the trustee and Trustor and trustee of the common tort liability. Finally, according to the the basic theory, principles of liability, liability and civil liability way type analysis.
The full text is divided into the introduction, the main body and the conclusion are three parts.
The introduction of this paper introduces the background and significance of the study, the status quo at home and abroad, the content and methods of research, and the innovation and deficiency.
The main body of the text is divided into five parts:
The first part of the concept of "commissioned the creation, the nature and characteristics of entrust creation contract is mainly on the basic theory of entrust creation in this paper. This part first defines the concept of entrust creation, and analyze the characteristics of entrust creation, features can be seen from the analysis of entrust creation, entrusted to the third party copyright infringement prone to creation the problem. Then carried on the analysis to the nature of the entrust creation contract, clear the entrust creation contract is a contract, so in the event of entrust creation copyright infringement, tort liability does not apply at present and famous contract undertaking, and it should be further researched.
The second part is the basic theory and the type of responsibility "commissioned the copyright infringement liability through the concept of copyright infringement liability of entrust creation characteristics, analysis of tort forms, and general copyright infringement liability comparison, points out that we should entrust creation copyright responsibility as the type of research. Then the characteristics and creation of tort according to the principal form of reality, will entrust creation copyrights infringement liability is divided into three categories: Trustee separate tort liability, vicarious liability of the trustee and Trustor and trustee of the common tort liability. This is the innovation point of this thesis.
The third part of the "tort liability of trustee alone" is mainly from the type of tort liability of trustee, the imputation principle of liability, constitutive elements and methods of civil liability, the trustee to separate the copyright infringement liability system is analyzed. Because of the vicarious liability system, the trustee must bear full responsibility for their own third is not the way, bear the fiduciary responsibility of vicarious liability in the statement of the consignor to be clear.
The fourth part "the vicarious liability of consignor of main general combination of vicarious liability theory and the trustee separate tort liability theory. Based on the general theory of the vicarious liability of consignor is analyzed, then based on the trustee separate tort liability, in accordance with the trustor and trustee of the degree of fault, the principal alternative responsibility is divided into four kinds, namely the client completely vicarious liability, joint liability of the principal, the principal and the agent and the joint liability and trustee. The vicarious liability system on the one hand reflects the principles of liability repay and fairness on the other. On the one hand, also contributed to the principal creative behavior of the trustee's duty of reasonable review and monitoring obligation, reduce the tort in the creation.
The general theory and general works fifth "and trustee of common tort liability" with common tort liability of tort liability theory. According to three different forms of infringement and trustee of joint tort, the principle of imputation, constitutive elements of liability and the civil liability for the way the difference analysis, but also to the trustor and trustee responsible for distinction, in order to reflect the distribution of burden of civil law on the responsibility principle and the principle of fairness, but also to fully protect the third person's right relief.
The research results show that the copyright infringement liability of entrust creation type analysis, in different types of responsibility, reasonable allocation and trustee of the copyright infringement civil liability, not only embodies the civil responsibility compensation theory, responsibility principle and the fair principle, but also conducive to the relief and improve judicial efficiency to fully protect the third party copyright rights. At the same time under the responsibility of reasonable distribution of the pattern, the trustor and trustee in weighing the cost of infringement in the creation of trust, to some extent curb the copyrights infringement of entrust creation behavior, is conducive to the harmonious and orderly development of the market commissioned.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41

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