本文關(guān)鍵詞： 數(shù)字環(huán)境 私人復(fù)制 合理使用 版權(quán)補(bǔ)償金　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：版權(quán)制度的每一次進(jìn)步及變革都與技術(shù)的進(jìn)步不可分離,數(shù)字時(shí)代的來臨,帶來了私人復(fù)制屬性的巨大改變。為私人使用而復(fù)制作品在傳統(tǒng)版權(quán)法中是合理使用制度的經(jīng)典模式。但因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代復(fù)制技術(shù)的突飛猛進(jìn)、復(fù)制成本的急劇降低及作品使用數(shù)量的急劇增加,版權(quán)人利益面臨著私人復(fù)制給它帶來的前所未有的威脅。隨著數(shù)字時(shí)代的到來,私人復(fù)制問題是每個(gè)國(guó)家都無法回避的問題。私人復(fù)制行為在整個(gè)版權(quán)法中雖是一個(gè)比較微小的問題,但觸及的卻是著作權(quán)法的本源及核心價(jià)值,因此本文可以說是以小見大,對(duì)解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問題有一定的參考意義,希望對(duì)我國(guó)著作權(quán)法制的完善有一定的幫助。本文主要由四部分組成: 第一部分是私人復(fù)制行為的概述。本部分首先介紹了私人復(fù)制的概念,接著回顧了歷史發(fā)展長(zhǎng)河中私人復(fù)制的發(fā)展和變化:印刷版權(quán)時(shí)代的私人復(fù)制對(duì)整個(gè)版權(quán)體系的影響是微不足道的,也沒有威脅到著作權(quán)人的利益,因此是合理的;電子版權(quán)時(shí)代的私人復(fù)制對(duì)著作權(quán)人的利益影響逐漸增大,天秤開始傾斜,因此此時(shí)的私人復(fù)制開始受到質(zhì)疑,各國(guó)也開始做出相關(guān)的反應(yīng),如德國(guó)補(bǔ)償金的出現(xiàn);隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,進(jìn)入數(shù)字時(shí)代的私人復(fù)制不再理所當(dāng)然屬于合理使用范圍,如何定性此時(shí)的私人復(fù)制及如何對(duì)其進(jìn)行規(guī)制,是各國(guó)都要面臨的一個(gè)迫于解決的問題。私人復(fù)制是否都屬于合理使用呢?對(duì)于私人復(fù)制行為的性質(zhì)認(rèn)定有兩大學(xué)說:侵權(quán)論和合理使用論。但兩大學(xué)說都有所偏頗,值得進(jìn)一步探討。 第二部分是有關(guān)私人復(fù)制行為性質(zhì)判定的立法及局限。在回顧國(guó)際組織關(guān)于私人復(fù)制問題的立法及各國(guó)的努力的基礎(chǔ)上了解到“三步檢驗(yàn)法”和1976美國(guó)版權(quán)法規(guī)定的合理使用“四要素”是關(guān)于合理使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)影響最大的參考因素,也是判斷私人復(fù)制是否為合理使用的準(zhǔn)則。其中合理使用“四要素”更被廣泛采用。然而,合理使用四要素在數(shù)字環(huán)境下出現(xiàn)了一定的局限性。 第三部分是數(shù)字環(huán)境下私人復(fù)制行為性質(zhì)認(rèn)定之標(biāo)準(zhǔn)構(gòu)建。通過上文的分析,作者結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí),提出了在數(shù)字環(huán)境下私人復(fù)制行為認(rèn)定應(yīng)持有的標(biāo)準(zhǔn):首先,“利益平衡”是數(shù)字環(huán)境下認(rèn)定私人復(fù)制性質(zhì)的基本準(zhǔn)則。其次,“合理使用四要素”是數(shù)字環(huán)境下認(rèn)定私人復(fù)制的基本準(zhǔn)則。最后,“傳播”是數(shù)字環(huán)境下私人復(fù)制合法與否的參考因素。 第四部分,是對(duì)我國(guó)《著作權(quán)法》的再分析及立法建議。首先指出相關(guān)立法的不足,然后,提出私人復(fù)制相關(guān)立法改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:Every progress and reform of copyright system cannot be separated from the progress of technology, and the digital age is coming. It has brought about a great change in the property of private reproduction. Copying works for private use is the classic mode of reasonable use in traditional copyright law. But because of the rapid development of modern reproduction technology. With the rapid reduction of reproduction costs and the sharp increase in the number of works used, the interests of copyright owners are facing an unprecedented threat to private reproduction. With the advent of the digital age. Private reproduction is an unavoidable problem in every country. Although private reproduction is a relatively minor problem in the whole copyright law, it touches on the origin and core value of copyright law. Therefore, this paper can be said to see the whole through a small part, which has certain reference significance to solve the practical problems, hoping to be helpful to the perfection of the copyright law system in our country. This article mainly consists of four parts: The first part is an overview of private replication. This part first introduces the concept of private replication. Then it reviews the development and changes of private reproduction in the long history: the impact of private reproduction in the printing copyright era on the whole copyright system is insignificant and does not threaten the interests of copyright owners. Therefore, it is reasonable; In the era of electronic copyright, the influence of private reproduction on the interests of copyright owners gradually increased, Libra began to tilt, so private copying began to be questioned at this time, and countries began to make relevant responses. Such as the appearance of German compensation; With the development of technology, private reproduction in the digital age is no longer a reasonable scope of use, how to characterize the private copy and how to regulate it. It is a problem that all countries have to deal with. Is private reproduction a reasonable use? As to the nature of private reproduction, there are two universities: tort theory and rational use theory, but the two theories are biased and worthy of further discussion. The second part deals with the legislation and limitations of the nature of private reproduction. On the basis of reviewing the legislation of international organizations on the issue of private reproduction and the efforts of States, it is understood that the "three-step test method" The rational use of the "four elements" under the copyright Law of the United States in 1976 and 1976 is the most important reference factor for the rational use of standards. It is also the criterion to judge whether private reproduction is reasonable use. The "four elements" are more widely used. However, the reasonable use of the four elements has some limitations in the digital environment. The third part is the standard construction of the nature of private reproduction in digital environment. Through the analysis above, the author puts forward the standards that should be held in the recognition of private reproduction in the digital environment: first of all. "balance of interests" is the basic criterion of determining the nature of private reproduction in digital environment. Secondly, "rational use of four elements" is the basic criterion of determining private reproduction in digital environment. "Communication" is a reference factor for the legality of private reproduction in the digital environment. Part 4th is the reanalysis and legislative suggestion of copyright Law of our country. Firstly, it points out the deficiency of the relevant legislation, and then puts forward the improvement of the relevant legislation of private reproduction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41

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