發(fā)布時間：2021-10-29 16:41

　　真空康普頓探測器（VCD）長期以來被用于高強(qiáng)度脈沖伽馬射線測量,該探測器具有快速、線性、響應(yīng)范圍寬的優(yōu)點(diǎn),對較大能量區(qū)間的伽馬射線具有較高的靈敏度。真空康普頓探測器結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,包括一個發(fā)射極,前窗,后窗,圓柱型空氣隔離套筒,不同的探測器設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu)以及材料對探測器靈敏度都會有影響。本論文采用蒙特卡羅模擬軟件模擬當(dāng)能量為1.25 MeV的伽馬射線入射探測器時,不同材料對探測器入射率和背散射率的影響并尋找對應(yīng)探測器靈敏度最高的材料,同時研究真空康普頓探測器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計包括準(zhǔn)直器的直徑、前窗的厚度和放射源與探測器的相對位置等對于探測器靈敏度的影響,得到了合理的探測器靈敏度響應(yīng)設(shè)計參數(shù)和較優(yōu)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。該研究結(jié)果對于新型輻射探測器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計提供了理論基礎(chǔ)和支撐. 

【文章來源】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)北京市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：52 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
NOMENCLATURE
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
    1.1 STRUCTURE OF VACUUM COMPTON DETECTOR (VCD)
    1.2 DESIGN CRITERIA OF VCD
        1.2.1 Positive Signal Approach
        1.2.2 Negative Signal Approach
    1.3 SCOPE
    1.4 METHODOLOGY FOR RESEARCH
    1.5 PHOTON INTERACTION THEORY
        1.5.1 Photoelectric effect
        1.5.2 Compton Scattering
        1.5.3 Pair Production
    1.6 THESIS OUTLINE
CHAPTER 2. INTRODUCTION TO MCNP CODE
    2.1 INTRODUCTION
    2.2 INPUT FILE OF MCNP CODE
        2.2.1 Cell Card Section
        2.2.2 Surface Card Section
        2.2.3 Data Card Section
    2.3 SUMMARY
CHAPTER 3. QUANTUM AND BACKSCATTER EFFICIENCY
    3.1 QUANTUM EFFICIENCY
        3.1.1 Theory
        3.1.2 MCNP Simulations and Results
        3.1.3 Effect of Quantum Efficiency on VCD Design
    3.2 BACKSCATTER COEFFICIENT(η)
        3.2.1 Theory
        3.2.2 Factors Affecting Backscatter Coefficient
        3.2.3 Calculation of (η)on MCNP
        3.2.4 Impact of (η) on VCD Design
    3.3 SUMMARY
CHAPTER 4. SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF VCD
    4.1 DETECTOR'S CONSTRUCTION
    4.2 SENSITIVITY CALCULATION
        4.2.1 Calculation of Q by F1 Tally
        4.2.2 Calculation of flux by F4 Tally
    4.3 SIMULATION RESULTS
        4.3.1 Sensitivity vs Collimator Diameter
        4.3.2 Sensitivity vs Front Window Thickness
        4.3.3 Sensitivity vs Emitter Distance from Front Window
        4.3.4 Sensitivity vs Distance between Emitters
        4.3.5 Sensitivity vs Gamma ray Energy
    4.4 SUMMARY
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT



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