燕麥(Avena spp.)是營養(yǎng)豐富的糧食和重要的飼料來源。栽培燕麥有兩種類型,即皮燕麥和裸燕麥。皮燕麥廣泛分布于世界的溫帶地區(qū),而裸燕麥主要在中國的華北、西北和西南地區(qū)種植。燕麥因具有預(yù)防皮膚病、高膽固醇癥、心血管疾病和糖尿病等優(yōu)點(diǎn),被公認(rèn)為是一種保健食品。目前全世界保存20多萬份燕麥及其野生種資源,中國國家種質(zhì)庫保存了4800多份燕麥種質(zhì)資源。為促進(jìn)燕麥在種質(zhì)創(chuàng)新和育種中的利用,有必要加強(qiáng)燕麥遺傳資源評價(jià)研究,挖掘有用的種質(zhì)材料。本研究以來自五個(gè)國家即巴西、加拿大、中國、蒙古和美國的286份燕麥種質(zhì)為試驗(yàn)材料,應(yīng)用表型和基因型分析手段,研究了燕麥種質(zhì)性狀的形態(tài)變異和分子遺傳多樣性,探討了不同國家燕麥種質(zhì)的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)和親緣關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一批重要農(nóng)藝性狀的分子標(biāo)記和QTLs。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1、表型鑒定:燕麥種質(zhì)的八個(gè)形態(tài)特征差異顯著。分蘗數(shù)最多的品種(6.77)來自巴西;株高最高的品種(98.19cm)來自中國,最矮的(72.13cm)來自巴西;穗長最長(16.57cm)、小穗數(shù)最多(49.75)和旗葉長最長(26.10cm)的品種均來自蒙古。加拿大的材料具有較高的單株粒重(8.14...

【文章頁數(shù)】：87 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
博士學(xué)位論文評閱人、答辯委員會(huì)簽名表
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations英文縮略表
Chapter Ⅰ Introduction
    1.1 Importance of oat
    1.2 Distribution and production of oat
        1.2.1 Distribution and production in the world
        1.2.2 Distribution and production in China
    1.3 Origin and classification of oat
        1.3.1 Taxonomy
        1.3.2 Origin and evolution
        1.3.3 Primary and secondary centers of diversity
    1.4. Germplasm resources of oat
        1.4.1 Germplasm collections
        1.4.2 Phenotypic variation of oat germplasm resources
    1.5 Molecular markers
        1.5.1 RFLPs
        1.5.2 RAPDs
        1.5.3 AFLPs
        1.5.4 SSRs
        1.5.5 DAr Ts
        1.5.6 SNPs
    1.6 Genotypic diversity of oat assessed by molecular markers
    1.7 Construction of genetic linkage maps
    1.8 Association analysis of morphological traits and molecular markers
    1.9 The importance and objectives of the research
        1.9.1 Importance of the research
        1.9.2 Objectives of the research
        1.9.3 Technical road map
Chapter Ⅱ Characterization of Morphological Traits of Oat Accessions
    2.1 Materials and methods
        2.1.1 plant materials
        2.1.2 Field experiments
        2.1.3 Data Analysis
    2.2 Results
        2.2.1 Basic statistics of morphological traits
        2.2.2 Principle Component Analysis
        2.2.3 Correlations between morphological traits of oat accessions
        2.2.4 Classification and characteristics of oat accessions
    2.3 Discussions
        2.3.1 Morphological variation
        2.3.2 Correlations and Principle Component Analysis of morphological traits
        2.3.3 Classification and characteristics of oat accessions
Chapter Ⅲ Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Oat Accessions by SSR Markers
    3.1 Materials and methods
        3.1.1 Plant materials
        3.1.2 DNA Isolation and PCR amplification
        3.1.3 Allele scoring
        3.1.4 Data analysis
    3.2 Results
        3.2.1 SSR marker polymorphism
        3.2.2 Genetic variation among oat accessions
        3.2.3 Genetic relationships among oat accessions
        3.2.4 Genetic structure of oat accessions
    3.3 Discussions
        3.3.1 SSR Polymorphism and allelic frequencies
        3.3.2 Genetic variation and relationships of oat accessions from different countries
Chapter Ⅳ Phenotypic-Genotypic Association Analysis on Oat Germplasm
    4.1 Materials and methods
        4.1.1 Plant materials
        4.1.2 Data records
        4.1.3 Data analysis
    4.2 Results
    4.3 Discussions
        4.3.1 Reliable relations between morphological traits and molecular markers
        4.3.2 Traits with multiple markers
        4.3.3 Co-located markers for traits
Chapter Ⅴ Construction of Genetic Linkage Map and Analysis of QTLs forNaked Grain Type in Oat
    5.1 Materials and Methods
        5.1.1 Construction of F2 population
        5.1.2 Phenotypic identification of F2 population
        5.1.3 DNA extraction and analyses of SSR genotype
        5.1.4 The Data Analysis
    5.2 Results
        5.2.1 Trait performance of parents and F2 population
        5.2.2 Construction of genetic linkage map
        5.2.3 QTL analysis
    5.3 Discussions
        5.3.1 Genetic linkage map with SSR markers
        5.3.2 QTLs on naked grain type and associated markers
        5.3.3 Oat genetic linkage groups and QTLs
Chapter Ⅵ Overall Conclusions
    6.1 Phenotypic variation of oat accessions
    6.2 Genetic diversity of oat accessions revealed by SSR markers
    6.3 Phenotypic-genotypic association of oat germplasm
    6.4 Genetic linkage map and QTL analysis on naked grain type
References
Annexes
Acknowledgements
Author Resume



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